机械5

摘要 煤炭的重要性不言而喻，它是世界上一种很宝贵而又不可再生的稀有物资。在咱们国家，这种物资的需求量越来越大，所以导致了煤的开采量也越来越大，开采煤是一种高危职业，其人身安全和财产应该得到相应的措施。在工人开采煤矿的时候，我们需要用锚杆锚索来支护煤矿巷道，所以，我们在这里就要引出另一种及其关键的设备，那就是---锚索钻机。普通矿用巷道底板锚索钻机包括车架、固定机构、回转机构、推进机构、冲击机构和操作机构。它是由每个机构的相互制约和辅助的作用下，对矿井岩石的冲击钻打完成的工作。当煤矿越挖越深的时候，深部的巷道围岩会出现松软的情况，这个时候，巷道的支护必须利用锚杆构成封闭结构支撑圈。但是不足的是，煤矿的巷道底板并没有得到相应的支护导致，没有形成承载圈。这样的对钻机工作是有一定的不良影响，同时也会带来严重的经济和人身的安全隐患。 研制的5m钻深32mm孔径底板锚索钻机详细研究国内外各种开采煤矿的设备，结合了其身上的优缺点，并根据煤矿巷道的特点，得出的结论就是：急需研发一种较为先进，运行操作方便的锚杆打孔的设备，使锚杆支护技术和方法不断改善。通过对该钻孔设备的研究，希望能够为煤矿事业出一份绵薄之力。 关键词巷道围岩变形；底板锚索钻机；结构设计 Abstract The importa
nce of coal is self-evide
nt. It is a precious a
nd
no
n-re
newable material i
n the world. I
n our cou
ntry, the dema
nd for this ki
nd of material is getti
ng larger a
nd larger, which leads to the i
ncreasi
ng exploitatio
n of coal. Coal mi
ni
ng is a high-risk occupatio
n, a
nd its perso
nal safety a
nd property should receive correspo
ndi
ng measures. Whe
n workers mi
ne coal mi
nes, we
need to use a
nchor bolts to support the coal roadway. Therefore, we
need to i
ntroduce a
nother key equipme
nt here: the cable rig. Ordi
nary mi
ne tu
n
nel floor cable rig i
ncludes frame, fixed mecha
nism, swi
ng mecha
nism, propulsio
n mecha
nism, impact mecha
nism a
nd operati
ng mecha
nism. It is the work do
ne by each orga
nizatio
n's mutual restrai
nt a
nd assisti
ng the impact o
n the rock of the mi
ne. Whe
n the coal mi
ne becomes deeper a
nd deeper, the surrou
ndi
ng rock i
n the deep roadway will appear soft. At this time, the support of the roadway must use bolts to form a closed structural support ri
ng. But the dow
nside is that the roadway floor of the mi
ne has
not bee
n supported by the correspo
ndi
ng support, a
nd
no beari
ng ri
ng has bee
n formed. This has certai
n adverse effects o
n the drilli
ng rig, a
nd it also bri
ngs serious eco
nomic a
nd perso
nal safety risks. The 5m-drilled 32mm hole-bottomed cable rig developed by this thesis has studied i
n detail the equipme
nt of various mi
ni
ng coal mi
nes at home a
nd abroad, combi
ned the adva
ntages a
nd disadva
ntages of the body, a
nd accordi
ng to the characteristics of coal mi
ne roadway, co
ncluded that: it is urge
nt to develop a more adva
nced tech
nology. , The operatio
n a
nd co
nve
nie
nt operatio
n of the bolt drilli
ng equipme
nt, the bolt support tech
nology a
nd methods co
nti
nue to improve. Through the study of the drilli
ng equipme
nt, it is hoped that it will provide a meager force for the coal mi
ne i
ndustry. Keywords deformatio
n of roadway surrou
ndi
ng rock floor a
nchor cable rig the structure desig
n 目录 摘要I Abstract II 1绪论1 1.1背景和意义1 1.1.1背景1 1.1.2课题研究的意义1 2底板锚索钻机整体结构方案设计2 2.1设计参数2 2.2底板锚索钻机总体结构设计2 2 3履带式行走机构设计3 3.1结构组成3 3.1.1车架3 3.1.2三轮一带3 3.1.3张紧装置4 3.2履带行走部的传动方式4 3.3行走装置的设计与计算4 3.4计算行走装置牵引力7 3.4.1计算爬坡能力7 3.4.2计算附着力7 3.5计算单边履带行走机构输入功率7 4钻进系统设计7 4.1钻进系统的结构8 4.2钻进系统相关计算9 4.2.1链传动设计计算9 4.2.2销轴的与校核11 4.2.3螺栓的校核11 5液压系统设计15 5.1底板锚索钻机对液压系统的要求15 5.2液压系统方案设计15 （1）马达切换回路16 5.4初选工作压力16 5.5推进液压缸的结构设计17 5.5.1液压缸参数的计算17 （1）缸筒内径17 5.5.2缸筒壁厚的确定19 5.5.3液压缸缸底厚度的计算20 5.5.4液压缸的左右腔面积的确定20 5.5.5活塞杆的稳定性验算21 5.5.6液压缸的性能参数22 5.5.7液压缸的零部件23 5.6液压执行元件的计算与选择26 5.6.1钻进马达的选取26 5.6.2行走马达的选取27 5.6.3液压缸主参数计算与选型30 5.7液压泵的选型30 5.8泵站电动机的选型31 6液压泵站的设计32 6.1泵站的类别32 6.2液压元件的选型33 6.3油箱的设计34 6.4液压泵站的使用与检查38 结论39 致谢40 参考文献41