机械5

DL32M斜床身数控机床尾座结构设计 摘要 机床为制造企业的工作母机，数控机床广泛应用于工程实践中，数控机床尾座系统的结构和性能的优劣直接影响对工件的加工效率、精度和成本，设计可编程尾座可以提高加工过程的自动化和现代化，减少人力，缩短工时，做到与时俱进，适应社会的快速发展和进步，将会给企业带来很大的效益。 本设计是针对传统手动尾座无法适应高效率数控机床这一现象，设计出一种可以实现自动化的全新尾座。首先查阅国内外相关资料为设计的开始做准备，接下来通过选择驱动方案，选择锁紧方案，然后完成总体的方案设计。根据机床主体尺寸设计出尾座上下箱体的尺寸，然后根据尾座上下箱体的结构和尺寸设计出内部各零件尺寸，最终完成了尾座总体装配的结构设计，画出CAD装配图与重要零件图及三维图。最后进行伺服电机的选型及其他零件的选型校核，液压锁紧校核等方面计算的工作完成斜床身数控机床尾座结构的设计。 本设计在参考传统手动尾座结构和给出的设计要求的基础上，设计出全新的尾座上下箱体的结构和各个零件，设计可实现尾座移动的伺服电机驱动部分，液压缸控制的锁紧部分等，实现快速自动进给顶紧和自动液压锁紧。实现了机床尾座在机械加工过程中的自动化，高速化，大大减少人力，缩短工时，更加适合现代化的企业，可编程尾座的设计一定会带给企业高效益和降低工人的劳动强度。 关键词：数控车床；尾座；结构设计 ABSTRACT The machi
ne tool is the worki
ng machi
ne of the ma
nufacturi
ng e
nterprise. The CNC machi
ne tool is widely used i
n e
ngi
neeri
ng practice. The structure a
nd performa
nce of the tailstock system of the CNC machi
ne tool directly affect the machi
ni
ng efficie
ncy, precisio
n a
nd cost of the workpiece. The desig
n of the programmable tailstock ca
n improve the machi
ni
ng process. Automatio
n a
nd moder
nizatio
n, reduci
ng ma
npower, shorte
ni
ng worki
ng hours, adva
nci
ng with the times, a
nd adapti
ng to the rapid developme
nt a
nd progress of society will bri
ng great be
nefits to e
nterprises. This desig
n is for the traditio
nal ma
nual tailstock ca
n
not adapt to the phe
nome
no
n of high-efficie
ncy CNC machi
ne tools, desig
n a
new tailstock ca
n be automated. First, co
nsult the domestic a
nd foreig
n releva
nt data to prepare for the begi
n
ni
ng of the desig
n, the
n select the locki
ng scheme by choosi
ng the drivi
ng scheme, a
nd the
n complete the overall scheme desig
n. Accordi
ng to the size of the mai
n body of the machi
ne, the dime
nsio
ns of the tailstock upper a
nd lower boxes are desig
ned, a
nd the
n the dime
nsio
ns of the i
nter
nal parts are desig
ned accordi
ng to the structure a
nd dime
nsio
ns of the tailstock upper a
nd lower boxes. Fi
nally, the overall desig
n of the tailstock assembly is completed, a
nd CAD assembly drawi
ngs a
nd importa
nt drawi
ngs are draw
n. Parts a
nd 3D drawi
ngs. Fi
nally, the selectio
n of the servo motor a
nd the selectio
n of other parts, the calculatio
n of the hydraulic locki
ng a
nd other aspects completed the desig
n of the tailstock structure of the sla
nt bed CNC machi
ne tool. This desig
n is based o
n the traditio
nal ma
nual tailstock structure a
nd give
n desig
n requireme
nts, a
nd desig
ns a
new tailstock upper a
nd lower box structure a
nd various parts, desig
ned to achieve the servo motor drive part of the tailstock moveme
nt, hydraulic cyli
nder co
ntrol Locki
ng parts, etc., to achieve fast automatic feed tight a
nd automatic hydraulic lock. It realizes the automatio
n of machi
ne tailstocks i
n the machi
ni
ng process, speeds up the work, greatly reduces ma
npower, shorte
ns worki
ng hours, a
nd is more suitable for moder
n compa
nies. The desig
n of the programmable tailstock will bri
ng high efficie
ncy to the e
nterprise a
nd reduce the labor i
nte
nsity of the workers. Key Words：CNC lathe; Tailstock; Structural desig
n 目录 摘要I ABSTRACT II 1绪论1 1.1选题的目的和意义1 1.2国内外发展现状和发展趋势1 1.3设计的主要内容2 2 DL32M斜床身数控机床尾座方案设计4 2.1驱动机构方案设计4 2.2锁紧机构方案设计7 3 DL32M斜床身数控机床尾座结构设计10 3.1尾座上下箱体设计10 3.2尾座套筒设计11 3.3尾座液压缸设计12 4组成元件选择计算15 4.1电机选型15 4.2滚珠丝杠选型17 4.3对尾座整体液压锁紧装置进行计算校核20 4.4上下箱体锁紧螺栓预紧力计算20 5尾座总体装配图24 6结论25 参考文献26 附录1：外文翻译27 附录2：外文原文35 致谢41