机械5

履带式起重机桅杆顶升部分结构及液压系统设计 STRUCTURE AND HYDRAULIC SYSTEM DESIGN OF MAST LIFTING PART OF CRAWLER CRANE 摘要 作为整个机械设计重要组成部分，液压系统设计在设计中具有非常特殊的地位。作为一种广泛应用于水电、港口、建筑、铁路与石油等其他工程项目中移动式起重机械，履带式起重机主要是行走驱动系统、升降系统、陀螺系统和变幅系统等组成。本设计宗旨是履带式起重机高效率、高功率、高可靠性要求，对起重机升降系统进行全面的数据解析，在此基础上设计起升液压系统回路。 最终表明，针对于定量泵与变量电机组成常的闭式液压系统展开正确的探讨，增大起升系统的安全性，达到起重机重载荷低转速行驶、空载荷高转速节能控制的目的。 关键词履带式起重机；起升系统；液压系统；液压回路 Abstract As a
n importa
nt part of the whole mecha
nical desig
n, the hydraulic system desig
n has a very special positio
n i
n the desig
n. As a ki
nd of movi
ng lifti
ng machi
nery widely used i
n other e
ngi
neeri
ng projects, such as hydropower, port, co
nstructio
n, railway a
nd petroleum, crawler cra
ne is mai
nly composed of walki
ng drive system, lifti
ng system, gyroscope system a
nd amplitude variable system. The purpose of this desig
n is the high efficie
ncy, high power a
nd high reliability requireme
nts of the crawler cra
ne, a
nd the comprehe
nsive data a
nalysis of the lifti
ng system of the cra
ne. O
n this basis, the hoisti
ng hydraulic system circuit is desig
ned. Fi
nally, it shows that the closed hydraulic system, which is ofte
n composed of the qua
ntitative pump a
nd the variable motor, is discussed correctly, a
nd the safety of the lifti
ng system is i
ncreased, a
nd the purpose of the cra
ne heavy load a
nd low speed drivi
ng a
nd the high speed a
nd high speed e
nergy savi
ng co
ntrol is achieved. Keywords crawler cra
ne lifti
ng system hydraulic system hydraulic circuit 目录 摘要I Abstract II 1绪论1 1.1履带起重机综述1 1.1.1国内和先进国家的履带式起重机现状1 1.1.2履带式起重机液压发展趋势3 2履带式起重机起升系统6 2.1履带式起重机组成6 2.2起升系统结构与功能分析8 2.3起升液压系统8 3履带式起重机桅杆起升部分结构11 3.1起升机构11 3.1.1起升机构组成11 3.1.2起升机构工作原理12 3.2起重机起升机构动力学模型12 3.2.1创建起升机构动力学模型基本假定12 3.2.2起升机构动力学模型13 4起重机起升机构系统模型参数计算15 4.1质量（转动惯量） 15 4.2刚度15 4.2.1吊臂15 4.2.2钢丝绳16 4.3阻尼系数17 4.4等效力矩18 4.5桅杆起升机构液压系统动态仿真19 4.5.1建立液压系统数学模型19 4.5.2仿真计算结果和分析20 5算例（QY20）汽车起重机起升机构24 5.1起升工况动态仿真24 5.1.1仿真工况分析24 5.1.2仿真结果分析25 5.2仿真工况分析和结果分析25 6履带式起重机起升液压系统设计27 6.1起升液压系统设计及工作原理27 6.2起升液压系统设计计算28 6.3液压辅助元件选择30 6.3.1油路的通径30 6.3.2油箱选择31 结论33 致谢34 参考文献35