机械5

节能汽车发动机优化改造 摘要 伴随着能源危机，温室效应等一系列环境问题，作为首要排放源的交通工具，依然是以燃料燃烧来作为主要的驱动方式，并且，随着排放法规的要求越来越高，寻求低排放甚至无污染低能耗是的驱动方式已经成为了解决环境问题的主要突破口了。许多的汽车制造商开始研究生产电动车，但是因为电池容量与充电的问题并没有得到很好的方法来解决，现在正处在从燃油机过渡到电动机的阶段上，燃油机的电动化是不可避免的大趋势，但是内燃机依然有着不可取代的地位。部分汽车制造商在研发电动车的过程中，结合内燃机和电动机的特性，研发了混合动力的汽车，在降低考虑排放的同时还能避免功率的大幅度损失，在这些方面，日本的汽车制造商尤为突出。在电池问题彻底解决以前，内燃机依然会是交通工具的主要驱动元，所以内燃机的低排放和低能耗化，是一个很有价值的研究问题，对此，很多的厂商采用了不同方法，小型化，涡轮增压，混合动力，柴油化，缸内直喷等技术不断被开发出来，为了能够更深入的学习和了解汽车未来的发展方向，对“汽车的心脏”发动机需要有更深入的理解，并且能将这些理解应用在实际生产当中。 关键词：发动机；经济性；小型化；排放法规 Abstract With a series of e
nviro
nme
ntal problems, such as e
nergy crisis a
nd gree
nhouse effect, as the primary emissio
n source, the vehicle still uses fuel combustio
n as the mai
n drivi
ng mode, a
nd with the i
ncreasi
ng requireme
nts of emissio
n regulatio
ns, it has become the mai
n breakthrough to fi
nd the drivi
ng mode of low emissio
n,
no pollutio
n a
nd low e
nergy co
nsumptio
n. Ma
ny auto mobile ma
nufacturers bega
n to study a
nd produce electric vehicles, but because the problems of battery capacity a
nd chargi
ng have
not bee
n solved well, they are
now i
n the stage of tra
nsitio
n from fuel e
ngi
ne to electric motor, a
nd the motorizatio
n of fuel e
ngi
ne is a
n i
nevitable tre
nd, but i
nter
nal combustio
n e
ngi
ne still has a
n irreplaceable positio
n. Duri
ng the research a
nd developme
nt of electric vehicles, some auto mobile ma
nufacturers have developed hybrid vehicles by combi
ni
ng the characteristics of i
nter
nal combustio
n e
ngi
nes a
nd motors, which ca
n reduce emissio
ns a
nd avoid sig
nifica
nt loss of power at the same time. i
n these aspects, Japa
nese auto mobile ma
nufacturers are particularly promi
ne
nt. U
ntil the battery problem is thoroughly solved, the i
nter
nal combustio
n e
ngi
ne will still be the mai
n drivi
ng eleme
nt of the vehicle, so the low emissio
n a
nd low e
nergy co
nsumptio
n of the i
nter
nal combustio
n e
ngi
ne is a valuable research problem. i
n this regard, ma
ny ma
nufacturers have adopted differe
nt methods, mi
niaturizatio
n, turbocharged, hybrid power, diesel, i
n-cyli
nder direct i
njectio
n a
nd other tech
nologies have bee
n developed co
nsta
ntly. i
n order to lear
n a
nd u
ndersta
nd the future developme
nt directio
n of the car i
n a deeper way, we
need to have a deeper u
ndersta
ndi
ng of the " heart of the car" e
ngi
ne, a
nd these u
ndersta
ndi
ngs ca
n be applied i
n actual productio
n. Key Words：e
ngi
ne；eco
nomic；mi
niaturizatio
n；emissio
n regulatio
n 目录 1、绪论………………………………………………………………1 1.1目前研究的概况和发展趋势……………………………………………1 1.2电子燃油喷射装置及发动机结构的发展方向…………………………1 1.2.1电子燃油喷射系统的重要性……………………………………2 1.2.2发动机小型化与结构优化………………………………………3 2、发动机改造设计…………………………………………………5 2.1总体设计方案……………………………………………………………5 2.1.1发动机结构改造…………………………………………………5 2.1.2变速系统设计……………………………………………………5 3、电喷系统设计……………………………………………6 3.1化油器系统的问题点……………………………………………………6 3.2电子燃油喷射系统的简介………………………………………………6 3.3电子燃油喷射装置的改装步骤…………………………………………7 3.4曲轴位置传感器（CKP）………………………………………………12 3.5 CDI点火系统…………………………………………………………13 3.6电子燃油喷射装置配套标定软件的使用和调试……………………14 4、发动机结构改造………………………………………18 4.1发动机缸体的改造……………………………………………………18 5、发动机变速箱改造……………………………………21 5.1变速箱及传动系统的分析……………………………………………21 5.2变速箱的传动比改造…………………………………………………23 5.2.1发动机原变速箱的传动比………………………………………23 5.2.2副轴输出链轮的设计……………………………………………25 6、试车效果………………………………………………26 6.1离合效果………………………………………………………………26 6.2电子燃油喷射装置效果分析…………………………………………26 6.3油耗分析………………………………………………………………26 7、结论……………………………………………………27 8、致谢 9、参考文献