机械5

剪叉式物流液压升降台的设计 SCISSOR-TYPE LOGISTICS HYDRAULIC LIFT PLATFORM DESIGN 摘要 当人们进入到21世纪，随着民航、汽车、交通、冶金、制造等领域的发展，各个领域的维修行业也随之蓬勃成长，对于各种升降台的要求也变得越来越高。而剪叉式升降台由于具有运转平稳，承载力大，操纵方便等特点，因此受到了人们的广泛欢迎，其销量也是逐年增加。所以本文设计了剪叉式物流液压升降台。 然而，当前针对剪叉式液压升降台，特别是其起升机构的学说人们还没能总结出一整套完整的要领，这使得设计人员只能依靠经验去进行设计。而这在很大程度上限制了升降机的发展。除此之外，人们对于剪叉式液压升降机的安全要求也越来越高，而且现在升降台的安全保证措施的范围也涉及的很广，包括升降机运用前的筹备，提升时要当心的东西，在恶劣环境下作业的情况如何，能否稳定的承载等等。 本文设计的液压系统主要采用泵传动和液压缸传动来实现升降机的上升和下降工作，而整个的液压系统油路图则由各种控制回路和液压源构成，此外设计时系统的结构也要尽可能的简单。除此以外，为了能够对系统进行必要的检测，可以在回路中安装一些检测元件。 关键词液压；剪叉式；升降机 Abstract After e
nteri
ng the 21st ce
ntury, the desig
n requireme
nts of the lifti
ng platforms are getti
ng higher a
nd higher for the developi
ng of civil aviatio
n, automobile, tra
nsportatio
n, metallurgy, ma
nufacturi
ng a
nd their mai
nte
na
nce i
ndustries. Because of its smooth operatio
n, large beari
ng capacity a
nd co
nve
nie
nt ma
nipulatio
n, the shear-fork lift platform has bee
n widely welcomed by people, a
nd its sales volume is i
ncreasi
ng year by year. Therefore, this paper desig
ned a sheari
ng fork type logistics hydraulic lift platform. However, the curre
nt doctri
ne for scissor lifts, especially their hoisti
ng mecha
nisms, has
not yet bee
n able to summarize a complete set of esse
ntials, which allows desig
ners to rely o
n experie
nce to desig
n. This greatly limits the developme
nt of lifts. I
n additio
n, the safety requireme
nts for scissor-type hydraulic lifts are getti
ng higher a
nd higher, a
nd the scope of safety assura
nce measures for lift platforms is also very broad, i
ncludi
ng the preparatio
ns for the use of lifts, a
nd care must be take
n whe
n upgradi
ng, what is the situatio
n i
n the harsh e
nviro
nme
nt, whether it ca
n be carried steadily, etc. The hydraulic system desig
ned i
n this paper mai
nly uses pump tra
nsmissio
n a
nd hydraulic cyli
nder tra
nsmissio
n to achieve the lifti
ng a
nd loweri
ng of the elevator. The hydraulic system diagram of the e
ntire hydraulic system is composed of various co
ntrol loops a
nd hydraulic sources. I
n additio
n, the structure of the system duri
ng desig
n is also exhausted. It may be simple. I
n additio
n, i
n order to be able to carry out the
necessary tests o
n the system, some detectio
n eleme
nts ca
n be i
nstalled i
n the circuit. Keywords hydraulic scissor type elevator 目录 摘要............................................................................................................................................... Ⅰ Abstract........................................................................................................................................ Ⅱ 1绪论1 1.1升降台的简介1 1.2升降机的研究现状1 1.2.1升降机的国内研究现状1 1.2.2升降机的国外研究现状2 1.3升降机的安全保障措施2 1.3.1设计制作的安全保障2 1.3.2使用维护方面的安全保障2 2剪叉式升降台的分析4 2.1剪叉式升降台的结构4 2.2升降台位置参数计算5 2.3升降台动力参数计算6 2.4升降平台机构的注意点7 2.5一些针对性实例8 2.6升降台的液压缸放置10 2.6.1两种放置方法的分析和比较10 2.6.2两种放置方法的验证计算13 3液压传动系统的设计16 3.1传动系统计划方案16 3.2液压系统基本设计16 3.2.1液压执行元件16 3.2.2液压缸的选择17 3.2.3液压缸的安装17 3.2.4缸体和缸盖的连接17 3.2.5液压传动系统的运动回路17 3.2.6液压源系统17 3.3液压系统的主要参数18 3.3.1载荷的分析计算18 3.3.2选择系统的工作压力20 3.3.3液压缸的主要结构尺寸20 3.3.4液压泵的参数22 3.3.5系统管道23 3.3.6油箱的容量24 3.4液压缸零件的材料结构和技术24 3.4.1缸体24 3.4.2活塞24 3.4.3活塞杆25 3.4.4液压缸的排气装置26 3.4.5液压缸的连接计算26 3.4.6液压系统原理图26 4台板与叉杆的设计计算29 4.1叉杆的结构材料及尺寸29 4.2横轴的选取33 结论35 致谢36 参考文献37