机械5

四驱越野车转向驱动桥的设计 Four-wheel drive off-road vehicle to the desig
n of the drive axle 摘要 本设计的主要目的是分析并设计出符合相关要求的四驱越野车转向驱动桥。转向驱动桥作为越野车兼具传递动力和改变方向的总成，对于其结构有以下要求，既能将越野车的转向和驱动机构作为一个整体，还能支撑越野车的重量，传递转矩以产生牵引力；既能承受由于越野车恶劣的行驶环境而给车轮带来的各向冲击力，还能缓冲车体的震动，保证越野车的行驶平稳性和驾驶舒适性；在动力传递方面，既要利用减速器使转矩传递到半轴上，以驱动左右车轮，又要利用差速器解决转弯时左右车轮由于速度不一所产生的干涉问题。如此一来，在设计四驱越野车转向驱动桥时考虑到结构的合理性，传动系的总传动比的确定非常重要，同时保证传动机构从减速器、差速器到半轴和轮毂以及转向机构的方向盘、转向器到转向拉杆之间的合理布置。 关键词：四驱越野车转向器差速器驱动桥 Abstract The mai
n purpose of this desig
n is to a
nalyze a
nd desig
n to meet the releva
nt requireme
nts of the four-wheel drive off-road vehicle steeri
ng axle. Steeri
ng drive axle as a cross-cou
ntry vehicles both tra
nsmissio
n power a
nd cha
nge the directio
n of the assembly, for its structure has the followi
ng requireme
nts Both the off-road vehicle steeri
ng a
nd drive mecha
nism as a whole, but also support the weight of off-road vehicles, tra
nsmissio
n torque to produce tractio
n; Ca
n withsta
nd the off-road vehicles due to the harsh drivi
ng e
nviro
nme
nt a
nd the impact of the wheel to bri
ng the impact, but also to cushio
n the vibratio
n of the body to e
nsure off-road vehicles ru
n
ni
ng smoothly a
nd drivi
ng comfort; I
n this way, i
n the desig
n of four-wheel drive off-road vehicle steeri
ng axle to take i
nto accou
nt the ratio
nality of the structure, the tra
nsmissio
n li
ne of the total tra
nsmissio
n ratio is very importa
nt,but also to use the differe
ntial to solve the left a
nd right wheels due to the speed of the i
nterfere
nce caused by differe
nt problems. I
n this way, you wa
nt to ratio
nally desig
n four-wheel drive off-road vehicle steeri
ng axle, you must determi
ne the total tra
nsmissio
n of the tra
nsmissio
n ratio, While e
nsuri
ng a reaso
nable arra
ngeme
nt of the tra
nsmissio
n mecha
nism from the reducer, the differe
ntial to the axle a
nd the hub a
nd the steeri
ng wheel of the steeri
ng mecha
nism, the steeri
ng gear to the steeri
ng rod. Key words Four-wheel-drive suv Steeri
ng gear differe
ntial drive axle 目录 1.前言1 2.总体方法论证2 2.1转向驱动桥分析2 2.2结构方案的确定2 2.2.1驱动桥的分析2 2.2.2转向器的分析3 2.2.3转向节的分析3 2.3本车桥的结构3 3.主减速器的设计计算4 3.1主减速器传动比的计算4 3.2主减速器的选择4 3.3主减速器齿轮的类型6 3.4主减速齿轮计算载荷的确定7 3.5主减速器齿轮基本参数的选择8 3.5.1齿数的选择8 3.5.2节圆直径的选择9 3.5.3齿面宽的选择10 3.5.4双曲面齿轮的偏移距E 11 3.5.5双曲面齿轮的偏移方向11 3.5.6齿轮法向压力角的选择11 3.5.7齿轮几何尺寸的计算11 3.6主减速器双曲面齿轮的强度计算13 3.6.1单位齿长上的圆周力13 3.6.2轮齿的弯曲强度计算14 3.6.3轮齿的接触强度计算15 3.7主减速器齿轮的材料及热处理16 3.8主减速器的润滑16 4.差速器的设计16 4.1差速器的结构型式选择16 4.2差速器齿轮的基本参数选择17 4.2.1行星齿轮数目的选择17 4.2.2行星齿轮球面半径RB(mm)的确定17 4.2.3行星齿轮与半轴齿轮齿数的选择18 4.2.4差速器圆锥齿轮模数及半轴齿轮节圆直径的初步确定18 4.2.5差速器几何尺寸的计算19 4.2.6行星齿轮安装孔直径及其深度L的确定19 4.3差速器齿轮与强度计算20 5半轴的设计20 5.1半轴的设计分析21 5.2半轴的结构设计及材料与热处理22 6.桥壳的设计22 6.1桥壳的结构型式大致分为可分式桥壳和整体式桥壳两种22 7.转向器23 7.1循环球式转向器的角传动比23 7.2螺杆、钢球、螺母传动副24 7.3齿条、齿扇传动副27 7.4循环球式转向器零件的强度计算32 8.转向节的设计36 8.1万向节的选择36 8.2万向节的设计计算37 9.结论38 参考文献39