机械5

汽车轮毂的结构与模具设计 The Structure of Automobile hub With Mold desig
n 摘要 本文以汽车轮毂为研究对象，基于产品研究开发的一般流程，制定了产品结构设计、工艺方案设计、模具设计的技术路线。借助CAD等工具，对汽车轮毂结构设计与性能分析、并对模具造型、铸造工艺等进行了设计。 首先介绍了我国轮毂模具的现状、发展趋势及我国模具发展的新技术，其次围绕轿车轮毂模具进行设计，针对轮毂的结构特点，确定模具的型腔数目、分型面以及脱模机构。汽车轮毂的成型工艺方法较多，以挤压铸造生产轮毂的工艺方法现今多处于研究阶段。本文根据挤压铸造的工艺特点，对汽车轮毂挤压铸造模具设计进行了分析总结，并对模具型腔进行了结构设计，查阅模具设计手册，完成模具的总体设计。同时充分利用计算机绘图软件对零件进行设计,利用Pro/E对零件进行三维造型。通过本次设计，对模具整个设计过程有了较好的了解。 关键词：模具；镁合金；汽车轮毂；挤压铸造；模具设计；低压铸造 ABSTRACT Based o
n the ge
neral process of product research a
nd developme
nt, the tech
nical route of product structure desig
n, process pla
n desig
n a
nd die desig
n is formulated i
n this paper. With the aid of CAD a
nd other tools, the structure desig
n a
nd performa
nce a
nalysis of automobile hub are carried out, a
nd the die mouldi
ng a
nd casti
ng tech
nology are desig
ned. Firstly, the curre
nt situatio
n, developme
nt tre
nd a
nd
new tech
nology of wheel hub die i
n Chi
na are i
ntroduced. Seco
ndly, the desig
n of car wheel hub die is carried out. Accordi
ng to the structure characteristics of wheel hub, the
number of cavity, parti
ng surface a
nd demouldi
ng mecha
nism of the die are determi
ned. There are ma
ny formi
ng methods for automotive hub, a
nd the squeeze casti
ng process for ma
nufacturi
ng hub is still i
n the research stage
nowadays. Accordi
ng to the tech
nological characteristics of squeeze casti
ng, this paper a
nalyzed a
nd summarized the die desig
n of automobile hub squeeze casti
ng, a
nd desig
ned the die cavity structure, co
nsulted the die desig
n ma
nual, completed the overall desig
n of the die. At the same time, it makes full use of computer drawi
ng software to desig
n parts, a
nd uses Pro/E to carry out three-dime
nsio
nal modeli
ng of parts. Through this desig
n, we have a good u
ndersta
ndi
ng of the whole process of mold desig
n. Key words: mould; mag
nesium alloy; automobile hub; squeeze casti
ng; mold desig
n; low pressure casti
ng 目录 摘要I ABSTRACT II 第1章绪论1 1.1引言1 1.2轮毂国内外研究现状1 1.2.1国内研究现状1 1.2.2国外研究现状2 1.3研究的目的和意义3 1.4设计的主要内容5 第2章轮毂零件的结构设计7 2.1轮毂模具设计的基本术语9 2.2汽车轮毂模具方案的设计标准9 2.3轮毂零件的3D设计10 2.3.1主要外形尺寸的确定10 2.3.2设计原则10 2.3.3汽车轮毂轮廓三维实体生成10 2.3.4汽车轮毂风孔的生成11 2.4本章小结13 第3章轮毂成形工艺介绍14 3.1轮毂成形的工艺特点14 3.2现行的轮毂主要成形方法及其优缺点14 3.2.1金属型重力铸造15 3.2.2低压铸造15 3.2.3压铸15 3.2.4挤压铸造17 3.3其他成形方法18 3.4本章小结19 第4章轮毂成形工艺分析20 4.1轮毂材料及性能特点20 4.2低压铸造的性能特点20 4.3工艺方案的确定21 4.4挤压铸造工艺参数23 4.5模具设计方案26 4.6本章小结27 第5章轮毂铸造模具的设计28 5.1挤压模具设计的基本原则28 5.2挤压铸造模具的工艺参数29 5.2.1．浇道的尺寸设计29 5.2.2.溢流槽和排气槽的设计29 5.2.3凹模设计30 5.2.4凸模设计30 5.2.5模板设计31 5.3模具装配32 5.4本章小结33 结论34 参考文献35 致谢37