机械5

小型自动钻床及夹具结构设计 摘要 本文主要介绍了在传统台式钻床内部结构的认知基础上，通过改进台式钻床的部分结构结合液压传动系统和PLC控制系统将台式钻床改造为自动钻床，并将夹具体改进为气压自动夹紧夹具以达到对加工零件自动夹紧加工的目的。 本文设计过程参照传统台式钻床内部结构的设计方法，将机床设计分为机床内部结构设计和专业自动化夹具设计两大块，并对机床内部结构设计和专用夹具设计进行详细分析。 设计的目的在于通过导入气压夹紧系统、液压进给系统和PLC控制系统，使得改造后的钻床能实现对工件自动定位夹紧和加工，达到满足加工产品质量，提高生产效率，减小加工误差，降低生产劳动成本的目的。 本文设计着重于自动钻床结构的设计和钻床专用夹具结构的设计。自动钻床结构的设计主要钻床主轴结构设计和钻床进给结构设计；钻床专用夹具设计主要是设计出可自动夹紧定位的夹具并将工件移动到指定位置配合钻床进行加工。 关键词自动钻床结构；自动化夹具结构；自动装夹。 abstract This paper mai
nly i
ntroduces the u
ndersta
ndi
ng of the i
nter
nal structure of the traditio
nal be
nch-type drilli
ng bed, by improvi
ng the structure of the be
nch-type drilli
ng machi
ne combi
nedwith the hydraulic drive system a
nd PLC co
ntrol system to tra
nsform the be
nch-type drilli
ng bed i
nto a
n automatic drill, a
nd improvi
ng the clamp specifically for the automatic clampi
ng fixture of air pressure to achieve the purpose of automatic clampi
ng of the processi
ng parts. The desig
n process of this paper refers to the desig
n method of the i
nter
nal structure of the traditio
nal be
nchtop drill, divides the machi
ne tool desig
n i
nto two blocks of the machi
ne tool i
nter
nal structure desig
n a
nd professio
nal automatic fixture desig
n, a
nd a
nalyzes the i
nter
nal structure desig
n a
nd special fixture desig
n of the machi
ne tool i
n detail. The purpose of the desig
n is to reduce the productio
n a
nd labor cost by importi
ng the air pressure clampi
ng system, hydraulic feed system a
nd PLC co
ntrol system, so that the modified drill bed ca
n realize the automatic positio
ni
ng of theworkpiece clampi
ng a
nd processi
ng, so as to meet the quality of processi
ng products, improve productio
n efficie
ncy, reduce processi
ng error, reduce the cost of productio
n a
nd labor. The desig
n of this paper focuses o
n the desig
n of the automatic drilli
ng machi
ne structure a
nd the special fixture structure of the drill i
ngres. The desig
n of automatic drill bed structure mai
nly drill bed spi
ndle structure desig
n a
nd drill bed feed structure desig
n, drill bed special fixture desig
n is mai
nly desig
ned to automatically clamp the positio
ni
ng of the fixture a
nd move theworkpiece to the desig
nated positio
nwith the drill bed for processi
ng. Keywords Automatic drilli
ng bed structur 目录 1.绪论5 1.1问题分析及解决思路5 1.2本文的设计要求及目标6 1.3本章小结6 2钻床总体结构设计7 2.1自动专用钻床已知条件和设计要求的概述7 2.2法兰盘加工工艺路线7 2.3执行机构的方案设计7 2.4传动结构方案设计和原动机选择8 2.5控制方案设计9 2.6总体布局设计10 2.7辅助结构的设计10 2.8本章小结10 3专用钻床进给结构的设计11 3.1传统台式钻床进给结构概述与分析11 3.2进给结构方案图的确定11 3.3工况分析12 3.4切削力的计算12 3.5钻床主轴设计14 4专用钻床主轴传动结构的设计14 4.1主轴传动结构的分析17 4.2主轴花键的设计17 4.3主轴电机选择17 4.4 V带传动设计18 4.5本章小结20 5专用钻床夹具的结构设计21 5.1加工工件分析21 5,2钻床夹具的构成及改进方案21 5.3专用夹具结构组成及分析21 5.4专用夹具工作原理21 5.5工件夹紧力的计算22 6设计总结23 参考文献24