机械5

水果分选机分选部分设计 摘要 近年来，随着农业科技的发展和人民生活水平的提高，国内外水果品种越来越多，人们对水果的品质也有了更高的要求。为了提高水果的加工质量和出品等级，需要对水果进行质量和大小分级。水果分选机用于将水果按需要进行分类的机械，是水果供应企业进行水果自动化加工的关键设备之一。本设计主要实现将水果按大小（重量）进行分类的功能，设计水果分选机分选部分。具体任务如下： 分选机的设计部分是基于三维软件SolidWorks的设计。动力部分由电动机、减速器，输入轴为主，其余部分参考外购件的参数加以整合设计。而重点设计的是分级机构。在计算过程中，轴的设计是重点，首先通过实际的考察，确定一些原始数据，第二计算出各个轴的转速、功率、转矩。第三计算出其余需要的数据，比如轴承选用依据，轴段的设计，第四对各个部件进行力学的校核。 最后部分将介绍箱体、支架等的总体设计，包括电动机和减速器箱体，入料斗支架，外链板等等。并对动力部分箱体的螺栓组进行校核，对外购件如传动轴将进行校核。 以上各步将全部采用solidworks软件进行计算机辅助设计，设计过程中经过较为精确的测量和计算后将所得的数据进行三维建模，利用模型进行模拟装配和干涉检查。构想通过创建三维模型这样一个平台来验证所做的设计，以便于对设计中的细节进行改进。 设计完成后，利用该模型的优点，即较为逼真地体现外型设计的效果及拖拉机的主要结构及尺寸关系，绘制二维的零件图，装配图和渲染效果图。 关键词：水果；分选；3D建模；设计 Abstract I
n rece
ntyears,with the developme
nt of agricultural scie
nce a
nd tech
nology a
nd the improveme
nt of livi
ng sta
ndards, more a
nd more domestic a
nd foreig
n fruitvarieties, people o
n the quality of the fruit also had higher dema
nd. I
n order to improve the processi
ng quality a
nd fruit product level, fruit
need to classify for quality a
nd gradi
ng size. Fruit sorti
ng machi
ne for the fruit as
needed to the classificatio
n of the machi
nery, a
nd is a fruit supply e
nterprise to carry o
n the fruit of o
ne of the key equipme
nt automatio
n processi
ng. This desig
n is to realize the mai
n fruit accordi
ng to size(weight) of the classificatio
n fu
nctio
n, desig
n fruit sorti
ng machi
ne part sorti
ng. The task is as follows: The Sorti
ng machi
ne desig
n is accordi
ng to the desig
n of 3D software SolidWorks.Drive part by motor, gear reducer, i
nput shaft is give
n priority to, the rest of the parameters of the related refere
nce to i
ntegrate desig
n. A
nd the key desig
n is the hierarchical orga
nizatio
n. I
n the process of computatio
n is the desig
n of shaft key, first by the actual i
nvestigatio
n, sure some raw data, the seco
nd calculated each axis of rotatio
n speed, power a
nd torque. The third calculated the rest
need the data, such as beari
ng choose the basis, shaft sectio
n of the desig
n, the fourth of every part of checki
ng mecha
nics. The last partwill i
ntroduce the body a
nd the overall desig
n of support, i
ncludi
ng motor a
nd reducer box, i
nto the hopper support, the chai
n plate a
nd so o
n. A
nd the power of the group of bolt, check the related to such as tra
nsmissio
n shaftwill check out. Above each partwewill all use Solidworks software to carry o
n a CAD desig
n. Wewill use the datas that through accurate diagraph a
nd calculatio
n to set up a 3D mold. Make use of the model to imitate assemble a
nd check exactly if have a
n i
nterfere
nce. Hope toverify a desig
n a
nd modify a detail expedie
ntly by establish a model. After desig
ni
ng completio
n, make use of the adva
ntage of that model，that is to represe
nt mai
n structure a
nd size relatio
n of the tractorvivid
nessly a
nd the features desig
ns effect exactly。After thatwewill draw two-dime
nsio
nal spare parts drawi
ng paper, assemble drawi
ng paper a
nd exaggerate effect drawi
ng。 Keywords：Fruit；gradi
ng；3 D modeli
ng；desig
n 目录 引言3 1水果分选机的研究现状与发展状况3 1.1研究现状3 1.2课题研究的意义与发展5 2本设计的内容与要求5 2.1内容5 2.2要求与数据5 2.3技术参数6 3功能原理设计6 3.1分选机的工作方式6 3.2分选机构原理的设计7 3.3隔板的设计7 4方案的选择与设计8 4.1分选机整体装置的设计8 4.2电机的选择8 4.3传动比及主要装置运动参数计算10 5重要零件的校核与计算11 5.1齿轮的设计与计算11 5.2 V带的设计14 5.2.1带传动的选择14 5.2.2 V带传动的计算17 5.3链传动的设计19 5.3.1链传动的选择20 5.3.2链传动的计算21 5.4输出轴部分的设计22 5.4.1输出轴的设计22 5.4.2平键的设计27 5.5输入轴部分的设计28 5.5.1输入轴的设计28 5.5.2平键的设计33 5.6滚子轴的设计与计算34 5.7箱体的设计36 5.8螺栓组的设计与计算38 5.9润滑密封的设计42 6三维数字化建模42 6.1分选机整体的三维建模42 6.2带传动部分的三维建模44 6.2分级机构的三维建模45 6.2入料斗的三维建模46 7总结47 谢辞48 参考文献50