机械5

摘要 在本次的设计中，通过对直列6缸发动机气缸体的分析，实现对气缸体顶底面两个面的粗铣加工，设计组合机床的形式以及总体结构设计。最后完成气缸体的夹具结构的设计。在本次的设计中机床总体设计部分，主要完成气缸体的双面铣削加工的组合机床结构设计。实现对整体结构的设计。完成气缸体加工工艺工序的设计；拟订本次气缸体的铣削面的粗铣夹具结构设计的方案，完成绘制夹具机床总体结构及夹具和零件图。 根据气缸体尺寸、形状、材料、加工部位的结构和加工精度、表面粗糙度等要求，确定选用卧式双面铣组合机床；在被加工气缸体零件的夹具结构上实现定位的方面，本次设计的方案中可以选择采用了“一面两销”的结构定位气缸体的方式，以达到加工上较好的一个定位效果。夹紧方式可以采用手动夹紧来实现，采用四个压板来对气缸体实现定位夹紧，这样设计的夹紧方式是比较普片的，在加工上能很好的防止气缸类零件的夹紧力满足于要求。在受力加工的作用下使得工件不会产生形变。由于被加工气缸体零件的体积和重量较大，装夹中需要采用支承板来实现支承。另外可以选择通过夹具误差进行设计上的分析，能够保证气缸体加工上的加工精度准确。 通过这样的设计来达到加工要求，以便能完成对直列6缸发动机气缸体顶底的粗铣，满足工厂制定的产量。 关键词：组合机床；夹具；气缸体；铣削 Abstract This desig
n topic is the overall desig
n a
nd fixture desig
n of the combi
ned rough milli
ng machi
ne for the top a
nd bottom surface of the cyli
nder block of the i
n-li
ne 6-cyli
nder e
ngi
ne. formulates the structural scheme of the fixture, draws the ge
neral drawi
ng of the fixture a
nd its part drawi
ng. Accordi
ng to the requireme
nts of cyli
nder body size, shape, material, structure of processi
ng part, processi
ng accuracy, surface rough
ness, etc., it is determi
ned to select horizo
ntal double-sided milli
ng combi
ned machi
ne tool; i
n order to realizeworkpiece fast forward a
nd machi
ni
ng, it is equippedwith a mobileworkbe
nch; the processed pla
ne is a large pla
ne, a
nd the material is HT200, so the carbide e
nd milli
ng cutter is selected as the cutter. The fixture is i
nstalled o
n the mobileworkbe
nch. I
n the positio
ni
ng of the processed parts, the scheme adopts the positio
ni
ng mode of"o
ne side, two pi
ns" to achieve better positio
ni
ng effect. Clampi
ng is realized by four pressi
ng plates through ma
nual clampi
ng, so as to preve
nt deformatio
n ofworkpiece u
nder the actio
n of clampi
ng force. Due to the largevolume a
ndweight of the processed parts, the support plate is used for supporti
ng. I
n additio
n, through the a
nalysis of fixture error desig
n, the machi
ni
ng accuracy ca
n be better guara
nteed. Through this desig
n to meet the processi
ng requireme
nts, so as to complete the rough milli
ng of the top a
nd bottom of the cyli
nder block of the i
n-li
ne 6-cyli
nder e
ngi
ne, a
nd meet the output set by the factory. Keywords: modular machi
ne tool; fixture; cyli
nder block; milli
ng. 目录 第一章绪论8 第二章机床总体设计11 2．1被加工零件分析11 2．2机床结构的确定11 2．3本组合机床的特点12 2．4切削用量的确定12 2．4．1切削用量选择的特点12 2．4．2切削用量选择的方法13 2．4．3刀具的选择13 2．4．4铣削用量的确定13 2．4．5计算切削功率14 2．5各部件的选型14 2．5．1选择电动机14 2．5．2选择铣削头15 2．5．3选择工作台16 2．5．4选择侧底座17 2．5．5选择中间底座18 2．5．6机床分组18 2．6绘制“三图一卡” 19 2．6．1被加工零件工序图20 2．6．2加工示意图21 2．6．3机床联系尺寸总图22 2．6．4机床生产率计算卡22 第三章夹具的设计27 3．1夹具结构设计概述27 3．1．1夹具的作用27 3．1．2机床夹具的分类28 3．1．3机床夹具的组成29 3．1．4夹具设计方法与步骤30 3．2设计的前期准备30 3．3定位装置的确定31 3．4确定夹紧方案35 3．4．1设计夹紧装置的要求35 3．4．2夹紧力的确定36 3．5其它元件的设计39 3．6夹具的公差配合与技术要求39 3．7工序的精度分析42 3．7．1定位误差的分析与计算42 3．7．2夹紧误差的分析与估算43 3．7．6保证加工精度的条件46 总结48 参考文献49 致谢50