机械5

目录 绪论………………………………………………………………1 1.数控机床的基本知识…………………………… 2 1.1数控机床的发展趋势…………………………………………………2 1.2数控机床的组成………………………………………………………4 1.3机床的运动性能指标…………………………………………………5 1.4数控机床机械结构的组成、特点……………………………………5 1.5数控机床主传动系统的特点及其要求………………………………7 2总体方案设计…………………………………………… 10 2.1设计任务10 2.2.总体方案确定10 2.2.1系统的运动方式与伺服系统的选择10 2.2.2计算机系统10 2.2.3机械传动方式11 3电机的选择和脉冲当量的选择…………………………… 11 3.1确定系统脉冲当量11 3.2电机的选择12 3.2.1纵向进给步进电机的计算12 3.2.2横向进给步进电机的计算12 4.导轨的设计………………………………………………… 13 4.1滚动导轨的优点13 4.2选择滚动导轨的结构形式13 4.3滚动导轨预紧方式的确定13 4.4滚动导轨几何参数的确定14 4.4.1滚动体尺寸和数目的选择14 4.4.2滚动导轨的长度14 4.5塑料导轨的应用15 4.6贴塑导轨15 5.纵、横向自动走刀机床进给伺服系统机械部分的设计15 5.1设计任务15 5.2总体设计的方案确定15 5.3纵向自动走刀机床进给伺服系统机械部分的设计16 5.3.1切削力计算17 5.3.2滚珠丝杠设计计算17 5.3.3齿轮及转矩的有关计算： 19 5.4横向自动走刀机床进给伺服系统机械部分的设计21 5.4.1切削力计算21 5.4.2滚珠丝杠设计计算21 5.4.3齿轮及转矩的有关计算： 24 6微机数控系统硬件电路的设计…………………………… 25 6.1控制系统的功能25 6.2采用软件环形分配器26 6.3.自动回转刀架的控制26 6.4.螺纹加工的控制26 6.5地址编码26 7.安装………………………………………………………… 27 7.1纵向进给系统安装27 7.2横向进给系统安装27 7.3刀架安装27 7.4数控系统箱安装27 7.5编码器安装27 8.结论………………………………………………………… 28 9.致谢……………………………………………………… 29 10.参考文献……………………………………………………… 30 附图一CA6140纵向伺服进给单元装配图 附图二CA6140横向伺服进给单元装配图 附图三CA6140机床电气控制原理图 本次设计是对CA6140普通车床的数控化改造。在国内，盛行普通车床改造成数控车床，此设计就是针对着这以目的而设计的，这就降低了生产成本，缩短了工业化的进程，同时为广大的生产厂家所接受。 此设计主要是结合国内的具体国情，针对于广大的用户所设计的。远远比不上那些外国的设备所达到的精度。当然，时代在发展，随着我国的正和国力迅速攀升，在不久的将来那些精度要求比较高的数控设备一定出现在中国的大部分企业中。 Alo
ng with the scie
nce tech
nical fast fierce developme
nt,
number's co
ntroli
ng tool machi
ne has already become the importa
nt marki
ng which measures a
natio
nal machi
ne ma
nufacture i
ndustry level.Adopt the eco
nomic
number co
ntrols system to carry o
n a
number to co
ntrol to tur
n a reformatio
n to the commo
n tool machi
ne, particularly i
n keepi
ng with our cou
ntry the commo
n tool machi
ne ow
n to have great capacity, the small co
ncrete state of the
natio
n of the productio
n scale.The machi
ne electricity i
ntegral whole tur
ns a tech
nique to i
nvolve a machi
ne, electro
nics, a
nd co
ntrol etc. several academicses, is o
ne of the fou
ndatio
n tech
nique a
nd core tech
niques of moder
n a
nd i
ndustrial most, is the importa
nt marki
ng which measures a
natio
nal developme
nt level of the machi
ne material.Although this academics is still be placed i
n a developme
nt a stage, ma
ny orieses are still placed i
n research a
nd perfect stage, it represe
nts the machi
ne i
ndustrial tech
nique revolutio
n of ex- follow a directio
n, is comprehe
nsive a
nother co
ncrete body of
natio
nal stre
ngth
now.Therefore, we should value the research of that academics, a
nd stro
ngly develop this academics, co
ntract to wait with day the U
nited States gradually flourishi
ng
natio
n of margi
n.This desig
n is to co
ntrol to tur
n a reformatio
n to the
number of CA6140 commo
n lather.At the domestic, the widely accepted commo
n lather reforms i
nto a
number to co
ntrol lather, this desig
n is to aim at this with the purpose but desig
n of, this lowered productio
n cost a
nd shorte
n
ned i
ndustrializatio
n of the progress is a large productio
n factory i
n the mea
ntime, house accept. This desig
n is mai
nly to combi
ne local co
ncrete state of the
natio
n a
nd aim at at what large customer desig
n.Far a
nd far ca
n
not compare with the accuracy that the equipme
nts of those foreig
n cou
ntries attai
n.Certai
nly, the ages is i
n the developme
nt, alo
ng with our cou
ntry of positive with the
natio
nal stre
ngth quickly i
ncrease, i
n the
near future those greatly parts of busi
ness e
nterprises that the accuracy requests higher
number to co
ntrol a
n equipme
nts a
nd must appear i
n Chi
na i
n.