机械5

井控节流阀的结构设计 [摘要]在石油的钻采和开发的过程中，常常需要实施压井作业，给井底适当的回压从而来平衡与地层的压力，压井作业原理是通过调节井控节流阀的开度的调节对井中的流体产生一定的阻力，来产生一定的回压，因此，井控节流阀在钻井控压的过程中起到了关键性的作用，通过流阀的开度的调节节来控制井内的压力，从而防止井喷等事故的发生。 本文主要针对井控节流阀在现场工作中泥浆通过节流口后易向壳体冲去，对阀座以及侧壁造成冲击磨损和腐蚀等问题，主要对公称通径DN52.4、设计压力70MPa的井控节流阀进行研究。首先通过对国内外几种井控节流阀阀芯的优缺点分析，最终选择楔形阀芯结构，并在原有基础上对其进行了结构改进；其次还对阀体、阀盖、阀杆、阀芯等主要零件进行了参数校核和结构优化，并重新进行材料选择；再次利用有限元软件对阀体，阀盖、阀杆和阀芯分别进行了有限元分析优化，校核了其强度，保证其安全可靠。 [关键词]井控节流阀；参数计算；有限元分析；阀芯结构 Structural optimizatio
n a
nd desig
n ofwell co
ntrol throttlevalve [Abstract] I
n the process of oil drilli
ng, productio
n a
nd developme
nt, it is ofte
n
necessary to carry out killi
ng operatio
n to bala
nce the formatio
n pressure by givi
ng proper back pressure to the bottom of thewell. The killi
ng operatio
n pri
nciple is to produce certai
n back pressure by adjusti
ng the ope
ni
ng ofwell-co
ntrolled throttlevalve to produce certai
n resista
nce to the fluid i
n thewell. Flowvalve plays a key role i
n the process of drilli
ng pressure co
ntrol. The pressure i
n thewell is co
ntrolled by adjusti
ng the ope
ni
ng of the flowvalve, so as to preve
nt blowout a
nd other accide
nts. I
n this paper, aimi
ng at the problems of slurry rushi
ng to the shell easily after thewell-co
ntrolled throttlevalve passes through the throttle port i
n the fieldwork,which causes impactwear a
nd corrosio
n to thevalve seat a
nd sidewall, thewell-co
ntrolled throttlevalvewith
nomi
nal diameter DN52.4 a
nd desig
n pressure 70MPa is mai
nly studied. Firstly, by a
nalyzi
ng the adva
ntages a
nd disadva
ntages of several ki
nds ofwell-co
ntrolled throttlevalve spools at home a
nd abroad, thewedge-shapedvalve spool structurewas selected a
nd its structurewas improved o
n the origi
nal basis. Seco
ndly, the mai
n parts such asvalve body,valve cover,valve stem a
ndvalve spoolwere checked a
nd optimized, a
nd the materialwas selected agai
n. The fi
nite eleme
nt software carries o
n the fi
nite eleme
nt a
nalysis a
nd optimizatio
n to thevalve body, cover, stem a
nd spool respectively, checks its stre
ngth a
nd e
nsures its safety a
nd reliability. [keywords]well-co
ntrolled throttlevalve; parameter calculatio
n; fi
nite eleme
nt a
nalysis;valve core structure 目录 1前言1 1.1课题研究目的与意义1 1.2国内外研究2 1.3本文研究内容4 2井控节流阀的选型与改进6 2.1井控节流阀阀芯的常见形式6 2.2楔形节流阀9 2.3本章小结13 3参数确定与强度校核14 3.1阀体壁厚确定14 3.2阀座密封比压校核16 3.3阀杆强度校核18 3.4中法兰及连接螺栓的强度校核20 3.5阀杆螺母梯形螺纹强度校核24 3.6填料压盖及压紧螺栓强度校核26 3.7本章小结28 4井控节流阀主要零件结构优化29 4.1阀体结构优化29 4.2阀杆结构优化30 4.3法兰结构选型31 4.4阀芯结构优化33 4.5防冲蚀结构优化34 4.6本章小结35 5总结36 参考文献36 致谢37