机械5

腰型垫圈的落料冲孔复合模设计【冲压模】 摘要：本次设计是应用机械专业所学的冲压工艺及模具设计课程的理论和生产实际知识进行一次冷冲压模具设计工作的实际训练，以此来培养学生独立思考的习惯，提高学生独立工作的能力，同时巩固冲压工艺及模具设计等课程所学的内容。在设计冲裁模具的过程中掌握冷冲压模具设计的基本技能以及设计冷冲压模具的一般步骤。学会分析零件的工艺性，确定工艺方案。整个设计过程中了解了模具的基本结构，提高了计算能力，绘图能力，熟悉了规范和标准。根据冲压件的特点和实际生产的产量，设计成一副冲孔落料复合模，该冲孔落料复合模具依靠自动送料机送料，实现半自动生产，对人工和成本也起到了很大的节约作用。本设计论述了产品的工艺分析，冲压方案的确定，工艺计算，模具零件设计等问题。机械设计制造及其自动化专业学生在完成理论课、技术基础和专业课的学习的后，进行实际的模具设计有助于学生了解模具设计的主要内容和过程，有助于将前期的机械基础课程同专业的设计课程、制造课程相联系。是将知识的实际应用和巩固。能够让学生进入到冲压模模具设计的过程中，实际的了解冲压工艺、结构，为以后进行工作打下坚实的基础；结合实际的冲压生产以及模具使用，操作加工等条件，让学生独立地完成冲压件工艺分析计算，模具结构设计和零部件的设计。熟练掌握测绘的能力和提升AutoCAD绘图软件的应用能力。 我国模具行业从业人员队伍迅速发展，但由于从业人员素质良莠不齐、社会工厂的专业培训很少，模具人才远远跟不上行业的发展需要，主要原因表现在以下几个方面： 1）模具行业门槛较低，大量企业良莠不齐恶性竞争压低成本，不注重人才培养导致从业人员平均工资普遍不高，影响从业积极性。 2）由于机械加工本来工作环境较差，噪音，粉尘，油污较重，这与当代青年理想的就业环境差距甚远，加重了模具行业的人才流失，模具行业作为制造业的基础行业，对国家的工业生产起着重大作用，这激励我就此次设计的机会，希望能够掌握冲压模具的基本结构，在设计、制造模具时能够根据产品的特性，分析它们的成型特点，选择出零件对应的最佳的工艺方案；了解制造方法对模具零件的要求，使自己具有分析模具制造工艺性的能力；了解国内以及国外先进的模具开发和制造技术。并且复习和巩固已经学过的相关基础理论知识，提高自己的自主学习的能力，为工作以后的发展打下良好的基矗 关键词:成本；冲孔；落料；复合模具； Pu
nchi
ng a
nd bla
nki
ng compou
nd die paper Abstract：This graduatio
n desig
n is a practical trai
ni
ng for the desig
n of cold stampi
ng die desig
ned by the theory of stampi
ng process a
nd mould desig
n course,which is applied by the major of mecha
nical e
ngi
neeri
ng, to trai
n the stude
nts' habit of i
ndepe
nde
nt thi
nki
ng, improve the stude
nts' ability towork i
ndepe
nde
ntly, a
nd co
nsolidate the course of stampi
ng process a
nd mould desig
n. Whatwe have lear
ned. I
n the process of desig
ni
ng the bla
nki
ng die, master the basic skills of cold stampi
ng die desig
n a
nd the ge
neral steps of desig
ni
ng cold stampi
ng die. Lear
n to a
nalyze the ma
nufacturability of parts a
nd determi
ne the process pla
n. Duri
ng thewhole desig
n process, the basic structure of the moldwas u
nderstood, a
nd the computi
ng power a
nd drawi
ng abilitywere improved. Accordi
ng to the characteristics of the stampi
ng parts a
nd the output of the actual productio
n, a compou
nd diewith pu
nchi
ng holes a
nd bla
nki
ng is desig
ned. The compou
nd die for the pu
nchi
ng a
nd falli
ng bla
nki
ng depe
nds o
n the feedi
ng of the automatic feedi
ng machi
ne to realize semi automatic productio
n. It also plays a great role i
n savi
ng labor a
nd cost. This desig
n dealswith the tech
nical a
nalysis of products, the determi
natio
n of stampi
ng schemes, the calculatio
n of process, a
nd the desig
n of die parts. The stude
nts of mecha
nical desig
n, ma
nufacturi
ng a
nd automatio
n are helpi
ng stude
nts u
ndersta
nd the mai
n co
nte
nt a
nd process of mould desig
n after completi
ng the study of theoretical, tech
nical a
nd professio
nal courses. It is helpful to li
nk the previous mecha
nical basic courseswith the professio
nal desig
n course a
nd the ma
nufacturi
ng course. It is the practical applicatio
n a
nd co
nsolidatio
n of k
nowledge. To e
nable stude
nts to e
nter the stampi
ng die mold desig
n process, the actual u
ndersta
ndi
ng of the stampi
ng process, structure, for the futurework to lay a solid fou
ndatio
n; combi
nedwith the actual stampi
ng productio
n a
nd mold use, operati
ng processi
ng a
nd other co
nditio
ns, let stude
nts i
ndepe
nde
ntly complete the stampi
ng parts process a
nalysis a
nd calculatio
n, die structure desig
n a
ndzero. The desig
n of the piece. Master the ability of Surveyi
ng a
nd mappi
ng a
nd e
nha
nce the applicatio
n ability of AutoCAD drawi
ng software. I
n Chi
na, the perso
n
nel team of the mould i
ndustry has developed rapidly. However, because of the quality a
nd bad quality of the employees a
nd the few professio
nal trai
ni
ng of the social factories, the mould tale
nts are far from the
needs of the i
ndustry. The mai
n reaso
ns are as follows: 1) the mould i
ndustry has a low threshold, a
nd a large
number of e
nterprises have a low cost ofvicious competitio
n,which does
not pay much atte
ntio
n to the averagewages of the employees,whichwill affect the e
nthusiasm of the employees. 2) because of the poorworki
ng e
nviro
nme
nt,
noise, dust, a
nd heavy oil pollutio
n, it is far away from the ideal employme
nt e
nviro
nme
nt of the co
ntemporaryyouth,which has aggravated the loss of tale
nts i
n the mould i
ndustry. As the basic i
ndustry of ma
nufacturi
ng i
ndustry, the mold i
ndustry plays a major role i
n the i
ndustrial productio
n of the cou
ntry,which e
ncourages me to graduate the desig
n of this graduatio
n project. The opportu
nity, hope to be able to master the basic structure of stampi
ng die, i
n the desig
n a
nd ma
nufacture of mold, accordi
ng to the characteristics of the product, a
nalysis of their moldi
ng characteristics, choose the best process of the parts correspo
ndi
ng to the ma
nufacturi
ng method of mold parts requireme
nts, so that they have the ability to a
nalyze the mold ma
nufacturi
ng process. To solve domestic a
nd foreig
n adva
nced mold developme
nt a
nd ma
nufacturi
ng tech
nology. A
nd review a
nd co
nsolidate the basic theoretical k
nowledge that has bee
n lear
ned, improve their ability of i
ndepe
nde
nt lear
ni
ng, a
nd lay a good fou
ndatio
n for the developme
nt afterwork. Keywords: Cost; Pu
nchi
ng; Falls the material; Compou
nd die 目录 1.绪论1 2．落料冲孔复合模设计2 2.1工件图2 3．工件工艺性分析2 3.1工件材料工艺性2 3.2工件结构工艺性3 3.3工件尺寸精度3 4．冲压工艺方案的确定4 5．排样及计算材料利用率4 5.1展开尺寸的计算4 5.2排样方式5 5.3计算材料利用率7 5.4冲切刃口设计7 5.5进距设计8 5.5.1进距基本尺寸8 5.5.2进距精度8 6．模具结构设计8 6.1送料方式8 6.2卸料方式9 6.3导向方式9 6.3.1模架的导向9 6.3.2卸料板导向方式9 6.3.3带料导向方式9 6.4定位方式9 6.5出件方式10 6.6托料方式10 6.6.1托料钉的设计： 10 6.7检测装置10 7．冲压力的计算11 7.1冲裁力11 7.3推料力11 7.4校正力12 7.5冲压总力12 7.6冲压设备的确定12 7.7压力中心的计算13 8．模具主要工作部分尺寸的确定14 8.1模具装配图14 8.2冲裁凸、凹模尺寸计算15 8.2.1凹模外形尺寸15 8.2.2冲裁凸、凹模刃口尺寸的计算16 8.2.3冲裁凸模、凹模技术要求与加工特点17 9．其他零件的设计18 9.1卸料弹簧的选取18 9.2托料弹簧的选取19 9.3检测弹簧的选取20 9.4其他标准件的选取20 10．校核21 10.1凸模的校核21 10.2压力机的校核21 11．总结21 参考文献22 致谢24