机械5

摘要 阀门是管道流体运输路线中操控装置，它是用来改变管道接触面和介质流通的道路，具备导流、截止、节流、止回、泄压等作用。用于操控流体的阀门，从最简单的截止阀到复杂的自控系统中的阀门，其种类和规格多样。阀门可用于操控水、蒸汽、油品、气体、泥浆、液态金属等各类型流体的流通。阀门的操控可采用多种方式，如手动、电动、电磁-液动、电-液动等；可以在压力、温度或其他方式传感信号的作用下，按设计的要求动作，或者不依赖传感信号而进行简单的开关，阀门靠驱动或自动机构使启闭件做升降、滑移、旋摆或回转运动，从而改变流体的大小以达到操控的目的。本文主要研究根据真空泄压阀的特点，对其功能和特征进行分析，并进行种类的划分和参数设定，完成基于特征的表达方式和各类标准件结构尺寸参数库的设计。 【关键词】阀门；真空泄压阀；功能 Air evacuatio
nvalve desig
n Abstract Valve is the co
ntrol device i
n the pipeli
ne fluid tra
nsportatio
n route, it is used to cha
nge the pipeli
ne co
ntact surface a
nd medium circulatio
n road,with diversio
n, cut-off, throttle, check, pressure relief a
nd so o
n. Valves used to operate fluids ra
nge from the simplest globevalves to the most complex automatic co
ntrol systemvalves i
n avariety of types a
nd specificatio
ns,with
nomi
nal diameters ra
ngi
ng from extremely small i
nstrume
ntvalves to i
ndustrial pipi
ngvalves up to 10m i
n diameter. Valves ca
n be used to co
ntrol the flow ofwater, steam, oil, gas, mud, liquid metal a
nd other types of fluids. Valve co
ntrol ca
n be used i
n avariety ofways, such as ma
nual, electric, electromag
netic- hydraulic, electric- hydraulic, etc. Ca
n be pressure, temperature or otherways of se
nsi
ng sig
nals, accordi
ng to the desig
n requireme
nts of actio
n, or do
not rely o
n the se
nsi
ng sig
nal a
nd simple switch,valve drive or automatic mecha
nism to make the lifti
ng a
nd closi
ng parts do lifti
ng, slidi
ng, rotary or rotary moveme
nt, so as to cha
nge the size of the fluid to achieve the purpose of co
ntrol. As Chi
na's productio
n of
natio
nal defe
nse co
nstructio
n, people's lives a
nd other aspects of the i
ncrease i
n dema
nd forvalves, the quality of products, speed of re
newal a
nd product from the desig
n to the market cycle are put forward higher a
nd higher requireme
nts. A
nd for the desig
n a
nd ma
nufacture ofvalve i
ndustry is relatively laggi
ng behi
nd the market, already ca
n
not satisfy the
needs of the developme
nt of the productio
n i
n order to solve the above co
ntradictio
ns, this paper mai
nly studies based o
n the characteristics of thevacuum reliefvalves, a
nalyzes its fu
nctio
n a
nd characteristics, a
nd classify the types a
nd parameters setti
ng, completed based o
n the characteristics of expressio
n a
nd the desig
n ofvarious types of sta
ndard parts library structure size parameters. 【Keywords】valves ;air evacuatio
nvalve ;fu
nctio
n 目录 摘要1 1前言4 2选题背景5 2.1真空泄压阀概述6 2.1.1国内外真空泄压阀制造业现状6 2.2我国真空泄压阀企业发展情况7 2.3真空泄压阀广泛应用及真空泄压阀的常见问题9 2.3.1真空泄压阀的发展方向9 2.3.2一般真空泄压阀的常见故障和预防措施10 2.4发展趋势与研究的主攻方向11 3方案论证12 3.1从结构上12 （1）浮球(筒)式真空泄压阀12 （3）气缸式真空泄压阀15 3.2从密封性上16 3.2.1阀体阀盖连接处密封16 3.2.2阀座密封16 3.2.3阀板密封16 3.2.4阀杆密封17 3.3工作原理17 4.设计计算过程19 4.1阀门的主要技术参数19 4.2阀体设计19 4.2.1阀体的功能19 4.2.2阀体的结构设计20 4.3密封副的设计与计算21 4.3.1阀座的的合计21 4.4阀杆设计24 4.4.1阀杆的总轴向力24 4.5密封可靠性校核26 5.结论26 参考文献27 致谢28