机械5

尾座的加工工艺及镗Ф25孔夹具设计 摘要 在经济飞速向前的当下，制造业快速发展的今天。非标零件的尺寸、结构也千变万化。以往设计的通用夹具，越来越多的面临淘汰。所以专用夹具的设计与生产越来越广泛。专用夹具的研究其主要内容有定位方案、夹紧方案的确定，定位元件、夹紧元件的选择，导向装置的选择等等。 本次设计研究的对象是尾座。设计内容包括2个方面：1、工艺分析；2、镗Ф25孔镗床专用夹具设计。尾座安装在机床的导轨上，尾座上的套筒可以安装顶尖，以支承较长工件、安装钻头、绞刀，进行孔加工。 从零件结构分析入手，合理选择定位基准，各种刀具参数选择以及切削用量的选择等。在安排工艺过程时，根据加工要求不同，需要进行粗精加工。另外还确定了切削参数，加工工时，填写工艺过程卡片和工序卡片。专用夹具设计内容有：确定定位方案及元件，确定夹紧方案及元件，确定导向装置，计算切削力及夹紧力等。 关键词：尾座、工艺、Ф25孔、镗床、专用夹具 ABSTRACT At a time of rapid eco
nomic growth, the rapid developme
nt of ma
nufacturi
ng today. No
n-sta
ndard parts size, structure is ever-cha
ngi
ng. Previously desig
ned u
niversal fixtures, more a
nd more face elimi
natio
n. Therefore, the desig
n a
nd productio
n of special fixture morewidely. The mai
n research co
nte
nts of the special fixtures are the positio
ni
ng scheme, the determi
natio
n of the clampi
ng scheme, the positio
ni
ng eleme
nts, the selectio
n of the clampi
ng eleme
nts, the selectio
n of the guidi
ng device a
nd so o
n. The object of this desig
n study is tailstock. Desig
n i
ncludes two aspects: 1, process a
nalysis; 2, bori
ngФ25 hole bori
ng machi
ne desig
ned for fixture. The tailstock is mou
nted o
n the guide rail of the machi
ne. The sleeve o
n the tailstock ca
n be mou
nted o
n the top to support lo
ngerworkpieces, drill bits a
nd reamers for hole machi
ni
ng. From the structural a
nalysis of parts to startwith a reaso
nable choice of positio
ni
ng sta
ndards, avariety of tool parameters a
nd the choice of cutti
ng dosage. I
n the process of scheduli
ng, accordi
ng to differe
nt processi
ng requireme
nts, the
need for rough fi
nishi
ng. I
n additio
n, it also determi
nes the cutti
ng parameters,worki
ng hours, fill i
n the process card a
nd process card. Special fixture desig
n co
nte
nt: determi
ne the positio
ni
ng programs a
nd compo
ne
nts, to determi
ne the clampi
ng programs a
nd compo
ne
nts, to determi
ne the guide to calculate the cutti
ng force a
nd clampi
ng force. Keywords：tailstock, tech
nology,Ф25 hole, bori
ng machi
ne, special fixture 目录 摘要I ABSTRACT I 1绪论1 1.1机床夹具的概述1 1.2机床夹具的分类1 1.3机床夹具的发展方向2 2零件的作用、组成表面及技术要求3 2.1零件的作用3 2.2零件的组成表面4 2.3零件的技术要求4 3零件的工艺分析及设计5 3.1确定零件的生产类型及毛坯的制造形式5 3.1.1确定零件的生产类型5 3.1.2确定毛坯的制造形式5 3.2基准的选择与确定6 3.3加工工艺路线的确定7 3.4加工设备及加工装备的选择8 3.5确定加工余量8 3.6计算切削用量、基本时间及辅助时间12 4镗Ф25孔专用夹具设计37 4.1定位方案及装置的确定37 4.1.1定位方案的确定37 4.1.2定位元件的确定37 4.2夹紧方案及装置的确定38 4.2.1夹紧方案的确定38 4.2.2夹紧元件的确定38 4.3夹具体的设计38 4.4确定导向装置—镗套39 4.5计算镗削力40 4.6计算夹紧力41 4.7分析与计算定位误差41 5结论42 6致谢43 参考文献44