机械5

摘要 零件加工工艺规程在零件生产过程中非常重要，指导操作者按要求加工尺寸保证公差等。专用夹具是针对某一道工序设计的机床夹具，保证产品的生产效率和生产质量。因此，对另加加工工艺规程和专用夹具进行设计，在零件加工过程中非常重要，对其进行研究也非常有意义。 本次研究的对象是传动轴，该零件运用非常广泛，支撑轴上的回转零件，传递相应的运动以及动力，传动轴上回转零件的轴向固定依靠轴端面或者轴套等，周向固定依靠键槽。零件的材料为45钢，该材料综合性能较好。 本次设计的主要任务有加工工艺规程以及专用夹具设计。加工工艺规程设计前分析了零件的材质，结构以及加工要求等。确定了生产和制造方式，设计了加工工艺路线，计算切削用量，填写工序卡等。本次专用夹具设计铣4H9键槽，适用机床X52K立式铣床，铣刀为立铣刀。分布对其定位和夹紧方案进行设计，选择定位和夹紧元件等。最后，完成CAD图形绘制及说明书的撰写等。 关键词：加工工艺；专用夹具；传动轴；铣4H9键槽；X52K Abstract The part processi
ng specificatio
n isvery importa
nt i
n the part productio
n process， a
nd guides the operator to process the dime
nsio
nal tolera
nces as required. The special fixture is a machi
ne tool fixture desig
ned for a certai
n process to e
nsure the productio
n efficie
ncy a
nd productio
n quality of the product. Therefore， the desig
n of additio
nal processi
ng procedures a
nd special fixtures isvery importa
nt i
n the processi
ng of parts， a
nd it is alsovery mea
ni
ngful to study them. The object of this research is the tra
nsmissio
n shaft. The parts arewidely used. The rotati
ng parts o
n the support shaft tra
nsmit the correspo
ndi
ng motio
n a
nd power. The axial fixatio
n of the rotati
ng parts o
n the tra
nsmissio
n shaft depe
nds o
n the shaft e
nd face or the bushi
ng， etc. keyway. The material of the part is 45 steel，which has good comprehe
nsive performa
nce. The mai
n tasks of this desig
n are processi
ng procedures a
nd special fixture desig
n. The material， structure a
nd processi
ng requireme
nts of the partswere a
nalyzed before the desig
n of the process specificatio
n. The productio
n a
nd ma
nufacturi
ng methodswere determi
ned， the processi
ng routewas desig
ned， the cutti
ng amou
ntwas calculated， a
nd the process cardwas filled out. This special fixture desig
n milli
ng 4H9 keyway， suitable for machi
ne tool X52Kvertical milli
ng machi
ne， milli
ng cutter for e
nd mill. The distributio
n is desig
ned for its positio
ni
ng a
nd clampi
ng scheme，with positio
ni
ng a
nd clampi
ng eleme
nts selected. Fi
nally， complete CAD drawi
ng a
ndwriti
ng of the ma
nual. Keywords: processi
ng tech
nology; special fixture; drive shaft; milli
ng 4H9 keyway; X52K 目录 摘要I Abstract II 第1章绪论1 1.1本课题研究的背景1 1.2机床夹具的研究现状2 1.3机床夹具的发展趋势2 第2章零件的分析、生产和制造方式的确定3 2.1零件作用、结构及加工要求的分析3 2.1.1零件作用的分析3 2.1.2零件材质的选择及分析3 2.1.3零件结构的分析4 2.1.4零件加工要求的分析5 2.1.5零件形位公差的分析5 2.2零件生产类型的确定5 2.3零件制造方式的确定5 第3章设计加工工艺路线，计算切削用量及加工工时7 3.1零件加工基准的选择7 3.1.1零件粗加工基准的选择7 3.1.2零件精加工基准的选择7 3.2零件加工工艺路线的设计8 3.3选择加工零件的工艺装备9 3.4加工余量的确定9 3.5切削用量的确定及加工工时的计算11 第4章铣4H9键槽专用夹具的设计25 4.1问题的提出25 4.2定位方案及元件的设计与选择25 4.3夹紧方案及元件的设计与选择25 4.4夹具体的设计26 4.5对刀装置—对刀块的选择26 4.6铣削力及夹紧力的计算26 4.6.1铣削力的计算26 4.6.2夹紧力计算27 4.7定位误差的分析27 结论28 致谢29 参考文献30