机械5

伸缩式露台雨棚设计 摘要 露台，其实就是一种特殊的阳台。是指在建筑的顶部或者根据建筑的设计要求在建筑的各个地方设计出来的露天开放式平台。一般的露台具备比较大的面积。对于露台这种特殊的阳台，一般装饰得比较清新，给人的感觉非常舒服，通常用来做休闲休息之用。既然露台是没有屋顶的，在雨雪天气里就有可能积而影响我们的生活乐趣。那么我们可不可以设计一种雨棚，让它在晴天里伸缩起来，不影响我们在露台沐浴阳光，惬意享受生活；在雨雪天气里展开，为我们挡风遮雨呢？因此，在露台上设计一个可伸缩的活动雨棚对我们的优质生活有着重要的意义。既然露台是敞开的阳台，所以在晴朗的天气则需要伸缩折叠，不占用空间。当遇到雨雪天气的时候，又可以伸展开来保持地面的干净清洁。所以雨棚的结构设计不仅要可以实现可伸缩，还需要在展开时的面积恰好或者稍微超出露台面积，这就要求在收缩起来的时候实现不占用空间，而在伸展开来的时候不仅实现最大面积的保护露台，而且在雨雪天气里各个伸缩部分的连接部位结实牢靠，保证足够大的支撑力为露台挡风遮雨。 本文为满足上述要求，设计了斜拉式升降伸缩雨棚。“斜拉”式升降雨棚的设计思路米源于斜拉式大型桥梁。升降雨棚工作时，驱动钢丝绳带动支撑杆转动，支撑杆转动一定角度后，与大梁连接的钢丝绳，通过支撑杆的支撑，随着它的摆动实现大梁的升起。升起后，安装在尾端横梁处的动力装置，通过链条、链轮的运动而带动雨棚的收缩。整个工作过程，大梁升降系统的动力装置和雨棚收放系统的动力装置均可实现两侧运动的同步性，并且在雨棚展开后，利用电机的制动功能，实现机构自锁，节省能源消耗。 关键词:雨棚，可上下升降，水平伸缩，斜拉式 THE DESIGN FOR TERRACE RETRACTABLE AWNING ABSTRACT Terrace, i
n fact, a special ki
nd of balco
ny. Refers to the roofs of houses or platform is due to the
need of architectural desig
nwas pla
n
ned out o
n differe
nt floors large balco
ny,which ge
nerally has a relatively large area, but do
not have a roof o
n it. For this particular terrace balco
ny decorated ge
neral relatively fresh, feelsvery comfortable, ge
nerally used for rest a
nd leisure purposes. Si
nce there is
no roof terrace,where there is rai
n a
nd s
now ca
n accumulate a
nd affect our e
njoyme
nt of life. Ca
nwe devise a ca
nopy, stretchi
ng it up o
n a su
n
ny day, a
nd did
not affect us soak up the su
n o
n the terrace, e
njoy comfortable life; i
n the rai
n a
nd s
nowweather expa
nd our shelter from the storm it? Therefore, the desig
n o
n the terracewith a retractable aw
ni
ng activity o
n our quality of life is sig
nifica
nt. Si
nce the terrace is ope
n terrace, so the su
n
nyweatheryou
need to stretch foldi
ng, does
not occupy space. Whe
n co
nfro
ntedwith rai
n a
nd s
now, but also exte
nd to mai
ntai
n clea
n clea
n the grou
nd. Therefore, the structural desig
n of the ca
nopy ca
n be achieved
not o
nly scalable, but also expa
nded the area at the time or just slightly beyo
nd the area of the balco
ny,which requires the impleme
ntatio
n does
not shri
nkwhe
n it takes up space, spread out i
n time
not o
nly to achieve the maximum protected area of the balco
ny, a
nd i
n the rai
n a
nd s
now i
n the co
n
necti
ng portio
n of each telescopi
ng portio
n stro
ng solid e
nsure sufficie
nt support force for the sheltered terrace. I
n this paper, i
n order to meet the above requireme
nts, the desig
n of the movable retractable aw
ni
ng. The desig
n idea of suspe
nded lifti
ng roof is comi
ng from large— scale suspe
nded bridge．Whe
n the lifti
ng roof is o
nworki
ng，itwill drive the steelwire rope to provide impetus for the radius rod to tur
n．Whe
n the radius rod shifts certai
n a
ngles，the steel rope fixed at the sides of crossbeamwill help to make the crossbeam risewith the supporti
ng a
nd swi
ngi
ng about the strutti
ng bar．After the roof rises，the motio
n devices set up at the beam of tail e
ndwill make the roof draw back by drivi
ng the chai
n．Duri
ng thewhileworki
ng process，the motio
n devices i
n girders lift system a
nd roof retractio
n systemwill realize the sy
nchro
nism alo
ng the sides a
ndwhe
n the roof is ope
ned up，it could make use of the braki
ng fu
nctio
n to achieve the self-locki
ng of mecha
nism at the same time reduci
ng e
nergy co
nsumptio
n． Keywords: Ca
nopy, ca
n move up a
nd dow
n, horizo
ntal scali
ng, Oblique pulli
ng type 目录 摘要1 ABSTRACT 2 1绪论1 1.1引言1 1.2露台的介绍1 1.3雨棚的发展现状及应用2 1.4各类雨棚的研究3 1.5研究目标及研究内容5 2伸缩式露台雨棚方案的确定6 2.1方案一6 2.2方案二8 2.3方案的确定9 2.4本章小结9 3伸缩式露台雨棚的结构设计10 3.1引言10 3.2雨棚的设计概述及系统组成10 3.3雨棚的载荷计算11 3.4大梁升降系统的组成及工作原理11 3.5雨棚收放系统的组成及工作原理12 3.6“斜拉”式升降雨棚大梁升降系统的设计13 3.5.1大梁升降系统的尺寸参数的确定13 3.5.2大梁升降系统载荷的计算13 3.5.3大梁的设计说明13 3.5.4支撑杆的设计说明14 3.5.5卷筒和钢丝绳的选取14 3.5.6电机减速器的选型15 3.7雨棚伸缩系统的设计16 3.7.1雨棚单元板的设计说明16 3.7.2雨棚单元板的材料选用16 3.7.3放置雨棚横梁的结构说明17 3.7.4链轮及传动链、轴、联轴器的选用17 3.8本章小结19 4总结与展望21 4.1总结21 4.2展望21 致谢22 参考文献22