机械5

车床走刀箱体的机械加工工艺及铣加工箱体侧面专用夹具设计 摘要 夹具是零件加工的夹紧装置，是加工零件的一种必不可少的装置。夹具利用率高，经济性好，对功能组件的使用和数量少。随着零件的尺寸变化，越来越多的夹具被淘汰了，因此，设计一套专用夹具是十分有必要的。在设计专用夹具时要考虑工件的定位方案，工件的夹紧方案和设计夹紧机构，夹具的其他组成部分，夹具的结构形式等。 本次设计的题目是车床走刀箱体的机械加工工艺及铣加工箱体侧面专用夹具设计，根据老师给的图纸要求进行工艺设计和夹具设计，在掌握零件作用的基础上，对零件的工艺进行分析。针对设计给定的题目，设计里面主要对机床夹具进行设计。本夹具体是以保证加工精度，生产效率和便于工人操作为宗旨展开的设计。 设计之初我查阅相关数据及国内外关于机床夹具的文献，在看懂零件图的同时对零件的结构和工艺进行分析，明确粗基准和精基准的选择，确定零件的加工余量与毛坯的尺寸、从而确定零件的加工工艺过程、计算各工序的切削用量及工时。最终完成了本次设计所需的夹具。 关键词：车床走刀箱体；加工工艺；铣加工箱体侧面，专用夹具，夹具设计 Abstract Fixture is a clampi
ng device for parts processi
ng, a
nd is a
necessary device for machi
ni
ng parts. The utility rate of the fixture is high, the eco
nomy is good, a
nd the use a
nd qua
ntity of the fu
nctio
nal compo
ne
nts are few. As the size of the parts cha
nges, more a
nd more clamps are elimi
nated. Therefore, it is
necessary to desig
n a set of special fixtures. Whe
n desig
ni
ng special fixture,we should co
nsider the locatio
n pla
n ofworkpiece, clampi
ng scheme a
nd clampi
ng mecha
nism, other parts of fixture, fixture structure a
nd so o
n. The theme of this desig
n is the mecha
nical processi
ng tech
nology of the lathe box a
nd the special fixture desig
n for the side box of the milli
ng machi
ne. Accordi
ng to the drawi
ngs requireme
nts of the teacher, the process desig
n a
nd fixture desig
n are carried out, a
nd the tech
nology of the parts is a
nalyzed based o
n the fu
nctio
n of the parts. I
n order to desig
n a give
n topic, the desig
n of the fixture is mai
nly desig
ned i
n the desig
n. The clamp is desig
ned to e
nsure the processi
ng precisio
n, productio
n efficie
ncy a
nd easy operatio
n for theworkers. At the begi
n
ni
ng of desig
n I refer to the releva
nt data a
nd literature at home a
nd abroad o
n the fixture, structure a
nd process of parts i
n the read parts map at the same time a
nalysis, clear coarse a
nd fi
ne refere
nce base selectio
n, determi
ne the machi
ni
ng allowa
nce a
nd the size of the bla
nk, so as to determi
ne the parts processi
ng process, calculatio
n of the process of cutti
ng dosage a
nd time. Fi
nally, the fixture required for this desig
n is completed. Keywords: lathe tool box; processi
ng tech
nology; side of milli
ng machi
ne box, special fixture, fixture desig
n 目录 第1章绪论1 1.1夹具的概述1 1.2国内外夹具的发展现状2 1.3夹具的发展趋势3 第2章车床走刀箱体机械加工工艺规程设计5 2.1毛坯尺寸的确定5 2.2基准的选择10 2.3制定加工工艺路线11 2.4确定切削用量及基本工时（机动时间） 15 2.5时间定额计算19 第3章专用夹具的设计21 3.1对定位元件的基本要求21 3.2确定定位方案与定位元件的原则22 3.3夹紧装置设计的基本要求及遵循原则23 3.4定位方案及定位元件的确定23 3.5定位基准的选择24 3.6铣削切削力24 3.7定位误差计算25 第4章小结29 参考文献30