机械5

ZL50装载机工作装置设计 摘要 轮式装载机是以轮胎式拖拉机为基础车体，加装铲斗作为工作装置的一种土方工程机械。装载机的工作装置由铲斗、连杆、摇臂、动臂、转斗油缸、举升油缸组成。装载机工作装置的合理性直接影响装载机的生产效率、工作负荷、动力与运动特性等。 本文参阅了大量装载机设计的参考书，选择反转六连杆机构作为所设计的装载机的工作装置的结构。根据任务书中的要求，利用经验公式计算确定铲斗的结构参数，利用图解法确定动臂与铲斗、动臂与摇臂、动臂与机架、连杆与铲斗、连杆与摇臂等各个铰接点的位置，并对铲斗的几种典型工况的受力情况进行了详细分析，对工作装置的主要部件进行强度校核。最后利用AutoCAD对装载机工作装置的各零部件的结构参数进行详细的结构设计，并应用SolidWorks软件对轮式装载机工作装置整体进行了三维建模设计，立体形象得展示和表达了各部分设计的装配关系。 关键词：装载机；机械化；工作装置 The loaderworki
ng device desig
n of ZL50 Abstract Wheel loader is a tyre tractor based body, equippedwith bucket as a
n earthmovi
ngwork device. Theworki
ng device of loader bucket, by co
n
necti
ng rod, rocker arm, cyli
nder, lifti
ng cyli
nder. The ratio
nality of the loaderworki
ng device directly i
nflue
nces the productio
n efficie
ncy,worki
ng load, power a
nd motio
n characteristic of the loader.. I
n this paper, a refere
nce book for a large
number of loader desig
ns is read, a
nd a reverse six bar li
nkage is chose
n as the structure of theworki
ng device of the loader.. Accordi
ng to the requireme
nts of the task book usi
ng empirical formula calculatio
n to determi
ne the structural parameters of the bucket, usi
ng graphic method to determi
ne the dy
namic arm a
nd the bucket, boom a
nd arm, arm a
nd a machi
ne frame, a co
n
necti
ng rod a
nd a bucket, a co
n
necti
ng rod a
nd a rocker arm, etc. each articulated poi
nt positio
n, a
nd the stress situatio
n of the bucket of several typical operati
ng co
nditio
ns are a
nalyzed i
n detail, ofworki
ng device of the mai
n compo
ne
nts of the stre
ngth check. Fi
nally, detailed structure desig
n forworki
ng device of the parts of the structure parameters of the loadi
ng usi
ng AutoCAD, a
nd by usi
ng the software of SolidWorks o
n thewheel loadi
ng machi
ne as awhole 3D modeli
ng desig
n, three-dime
nsio
nal image to display a
nd expressio
n of thevarious parts of the desig
n of assembly. Keywords: Mecha
nizatio
n；Work-Equipme
nt 目录 1绪论1 1.1国内轮式装载机发展概况1 1.2国外轮式装载机的发展概况2 2装载机工作装置总体设计4 2.1工作装置的总体结构与布置4 2.2工作装置连杆机构的结构形式与特点5 2.3工作装置自由度的计算10 2.4工作装置总体设计11 3 ZL50装载机工作装置设计13 3.1工作装置的设计要求13 3.1.1工作装置工作性能13 3.1.2对工作装置的要求13 3.2铲斗设计14 3.2.1铲斗的结构形式14 3.2.2铲斗的分类16 3.2.3铲斗断面形状和基本参数确定17 3.2.4铲斗容量的计算20 3.3工作装置连杆系统设计21 3.3.1机构分析21 3.3.2尺寸参数设计23 3.3.3连杆系统运动分析32 3.4工作装置静力学分析及强度校核36 3.4.1静力学分析36 3.4.2强度校核42 3.5液压缸设计44 3.5.1液压缸的类型和结构44 3.5.2液压缸基本参数设计44 结论48 致谢49 参考文献50