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板材单点增量成形夹具设计 摘要：单点增量成形作为一种新型板材柔性无模成形技术，其基于分层制造思想，通过工具头一层一层加工金属板料，柔性化程度高，利用局部变形实现金属板料零件的加工。和传统冲压成形相比，不需要专用设备和模具，能够缩短产品研发周期，降低产品研发成本，特别适用于多品种、小批量以及个性化生产，在汽车、船舶、家电、航天航空等领域有广泛的应用前景。当前单点增量成形过程中一般采用上下压板和螺栓对板料进行夹持，其过程需要人工辅助，严重影响加工效率，为了解决这一问题，需要设计一种具有自动压紧定位功能的新型板材单点增量成形夹具。 采用有限元仿真和实验相结合的方法，得到单点增量成形过程中各向变形力的变化规律，对其成形角、层间距、板料厚度及工具头直径对变形力的影响进行研究，得到不同工艺参数下成形过程的最大变形力；根据得到的最大变形力选择成形夹具的压板尺寸和压紧方式，分别利用AutoCAD和Solidworks软件进行成形夹具的二维和三维设计，并对夹具的可行性进行三维动画模拟，最终得到一种可以大幅度提高装夹效率的成形夹具。 关键词：单点增量成形；数值分析与建模；变形力；夹具设计； Abstract：Si
ngle poi
nt i
ncreme
ntal formi
ng is a
new type of sheet metal flexible dieless formi
ng tech
nology. Based o
n the idea of ??layered ma
nufacturi
ng, the metal sheet is processed o
ne layer at a time through the tool head. The degree of flexibility is high, a
nd the metal sheet part is realized by local deformatio
n. Processi
ng. Comparedwith traditio
nal press formi
ng, it does
not require special equipme
nt a
nd molds,which ca
n shorte
n the product developme
nt cycle a
nd reduce the cost of product developme
nt. It is especially applicable to ma
nyvarieties, small batches, a
nd i
ndividualized productio
n. It has applicatio
ns i
n automobiles, ships, home applia
nces, aerospace a
nd other fields. Wide applicatio
n prospects. I
n the curre
nt si
ngle-poi
nt i
ncreme
ntal formi
ng process, upper a
nd lower press plates a
nd bolts are ge
nerally used to clamp the sheet material, a
nd the process
needs ma
nual assista
nce,which seriously affects the processi
ng efficie
ncy. To solve this problem, a
new type of automatic pressi
ng a
nd positio
ni
ng fu
nctio
n
needs to be desig
ned. Sheet si
ngle poi
nt i
ncreme
ntal formi
ng fixture. I
n this paper, fi
nite eleme
nt simulatio
n a
nd experime
ntal methods are used to obtai
n thevariatio
n law of the isotropic deformatio
n force i
n the si
ngle-poi
nt i
ncreme
ntal formi
ng process. The effects of formi
ng a
ngle, layer spaci
ng, sheet thick
ness, a
nd tool head diameter o
n the deformatio
n force are studied. The maximum deformatio
n force of the formi
ng process u
nder differe
nt process parameters is obtai
ned; the plate
n size a
nd compressio
n method of the formi
ng fixture are selected accordi
ng to the obtai
ned maximum deformatio
n force, a
nd the two-dime
nsio
nal a
nd three-dime
nsio
nal desig
n of the formi
ng fixture are respectively performed usi
ng AutoCAD a
nd Solidworks software, a
nd the fixture is The feasibility of three-dime
nsio
nal a
nimatio
n simulatio
n, a
nd ultimately get a fixture ca
n greatly i
ncrease the clampi
ng efficie
ncy. Keywords: si
ngle poi
nt i
ncreme
ntal formi
ng;
numerical a
nalysis a
nd modeli
ng; deformatio
n force; fixture desig
n; 目录 摘要I Abstract： II 1绪论1 1.1单点增量成形的原理1 1.2单点增量成形的国内外研究现状2 1.3本文研究主要内容3 2单点增量成形过程变形力分析5 2.1单点增量成形变形力理论解析5 2.2单点增量成形变形力数值模拟8 2.2.1有限元数值模拟参数设定8 2.2.2变形力模拟结果12 2.2.3工艺参数对变形力的影响14 3单点增量成形过程变形力实验研究19 3.1实验设备介绍19 3.2基于UG的NC代码生成20 3.2.1成形件实体建模21 3.2.2单点增量成形过程加工轨迹的生成21 3.2.3后处理NC程序的生成23 3.3实验结果和模型验证23 4单点增量成形夹具设计27 结论32 致谢33 参考文献34