机械5

多功能薄壁圆筒磨边机的结构设计 摘要 据经济合作与发展组织日前发布报告称，世界石油需求快速增长，原因是新兴经济体石油消耗不断增长，纽约——美国能源情报署预测，今年全球石油需求将增加1.2%至万桶/日。在这种情况下，对油桶的需求也必然会增加很多，这就给油桶生产商提供了一个绝佳的增长机会。在油桶的生产中，需要把油桶边缘磨平，安装油桶盖。油桶属于薄壁圆筒，磨削时，加工效率低、噪声大。 本设计为一种自动薄壁圆筒磨边机，它包括砂轮主轴升降机构、磨边砂轮主轴机构、圆筒夹紧机构组成。本机主轴升降机构采用伺服电机配套滚珠丝杠完成驱动，考虑到丝杠和伺服电机的选型过大增加生产成本，本文中增加配重机构已达到减小伺服电机和丝杠的目的。磨边砂轮主轴机构采用变速主轴箱结构，可以实现不同转速下的磨削工作，同时考虑到磨边砂轮的拆装方便，主轴和砂轮的连接采用锥孔拉紧。圆筒夹紧机构同样采用自动结构，代加工油桶放置在工作台上，通过伺服电机驱动带有夹持块的工作台和安装在底座上的定夹紧完成夹紧工作。为了达到降噪的目的，本机安装在隔音房中。 本次设计的主要任务是完成整个圆筒磨边机的设计，本文完成整机的设计计算，包括电机功率的确认，主传动轴的校核等，然后利用AUTOCAD软件完成整个圆筒磨边机二维工程图的绘制。 关键词：薄壁圆筒磨边机；升降机构；主轴机构；二维工程图 Abstract Accordi
ng to the orga
nizatio
n for eco
nomic cooperatio
n a
nd developme
nt rece
ntly released a report,world oil dema
nd growth, the reaso
n is that oil co
nsumptio
n growth i
n emergi
ng eco
nomies, New York-- America EIA forecast, thisyear's global oil dema
ndwill i
ncrease to 1.2% barrels/ day. I
n this case, the dema
nd for oilwill also i
ncrease a lot,which give oil producers to provide a
n excelle
nt opportu
nity for growth. I
n oil productio
n, the oil ta
nk cover edges, i
nstallatio
n. Oil belo
ngs to the cyli
nder, gri
ndi
ng, low processi
ng efficie
ncy, high
noise. The desig
n of a
n automatic thi
n cyli
ndrical gri
ndi
ng machi
ne,which comprises a gri
ndi
ngwheel spi
ndle elevati
ng mecha
nism, gri
ndi
ngwheel spi
ndle body, cyli
nder clampi
ng mecha
nism. Lifti
ng mecha
nism of the spi
ndle servo motor ball screw drive matchi
ng complete, co
nsideri
ng the selectio
n of screw a
nd servo motor is too large to i
ncrease the cost of productio
n, i
ncrease theweight mecha
nism has to reduce the servo motor a
nd screw the purpose of this paper. Gri
ndi
ngwheel spi
ndle mecha
nismwithvariable speed spi
ndle box structure, ca
n realize the gri
ndi
ngwork u
nder differe
nt speed, at the same time, taki
ng i
nto accou
nt the gri
ndi
ngwheel gri
ndi
ngwheel spi
ndle a
nd co
nve
nie
nt assembly a
nd disassembly, co
n
nected by a taper te
nsio
n. Cyli
nder clampi
ng mecha
nism usi
ng the same automatic structure, processi
ng oil drums placed o
n theworktable, drive a clampi
ng block by the servo motor a
nd the fixed clamp is arra
nged o
n the base of the completework of clampi
ng. I
n order to achieve the purpose of
noise reductio
n, the machi
ne is i
nstalled i
n the sou
ndproof room. The mai
n task of this graduatio
n desig
n is the desig
n of the cyli
ndrical gri
ndi
ng machi
ne, this paper completed the calculatio
n of the desig
n, i
ncludi
ng the co
nfirmatio
n of motor power, the mai
n tra
nsmissio
n shaftwas checked, a
nd the
n complete thewhole drawi
ng cyli
ndrical gri
ndi
ng machi
ne of 2D e
ngi
neeri
ng drawi
ng by usi
ng AUTOCAD software. Keywords: thi
nwalled cyli
ndrical gri
ndi
ng machi
ne spi
ndle; lifti
ng mecha
nism; mecha
nism; 2D e
ngi
neeri
ng drawi
ng 目录 摘要i Abstract ii 第一章绪论5 1.1磨削加工的特点概述5 1.2砂轮磨削国内外的发展与趋势5 1.2.1国外的发展5 1.2.2国内的发展6 1.2.3发展趋势6 1.3砂轮磨削的关键技术7 1.4课题研究的目的及意义7 1.5课题设计思路7 1.6课题设计结构8 第二章薄壁圆筒磨边机的总体设计方案9 2.1驱动方案的确认9 2.1.1液压驱动9 2.1.2气压驱动9 2.1.3电动机驱动10 2.1.4驱动方案的确认10 2.2砂轮主轴箱升降机构方案的确认10 2.3主轴机构结构方案确认11 2.4圆筒夹紧机构的确认11 2.5整机方案的确认12 2.6本章小结13 第三章薄壁圆筒磨边机磨边砂轮主轴的计算14 3.1驱动电机的选择14 3.2转速图的拟定14 3.3传动轴的估算15 3.4齿轮模数的估算17 3.5各轴结构的设计18 3.6主轴组件的刚度和刚度损失的计算19 3.7齿轮强度校核20 3.8传动轴挠度的验算21 3.9本章小结22 4.1拟定技术参数23 4.2滚珠丝杠的计算及选择23 4.3滚珠丝杠支承轴承的选择25 4.4滚珠丝杠的校核27 4.4.1临界压缩负荷27 4.4.2临界转速28 4.4.3滚珠丝杠拉压振动与扭转振动的固有频率28 4.4.4滚珠丝杠扭转刚度29 4.4.5滚珠丝杠传动精度计算30 4.5滚珠丝杠进给传动系统变形计算31 4.5.1滚珠丝杠精度计算31 4.6伺服电机的选择与计算34 4.6.1进给伺服电机的校核36 4.7联轴器的选择37 4.8本章小结37 第五章薄壁圆筒磨边机主轴提升机构的设计38 5.1拟定技术参数38 5.2滚珠丝杠的计算及选择38 5.3伺服电机计算及选择38 5.4立柱的设计38 5.4.1按立柱外形分类38 5.4.2材料分类38 5.4.3立柱结构的选择39 5.5本章小结39 第六章结论40 6.1本所取得的结果40 6.2技术展望40 参考文献41 致谢43