机械5

普通双柱式液压举升机设计 摘要 从建国初起开始的一辆汽车外壳需要几十个工人用锤子敲出来开始，到现在的高铁技术可以达到世界标准。中国的科技工业水平正在迅猛发展。各种各样的制造业中表现最为明显的就数汽车生产业。汽车生产业的综合科技程度高、机构零件之间的装配精度需求很高，因此可以直观的体现一个国家的工业发展水平。进入二十一世纪以来，中国的汽车制造业的生产效率以几何倍数增长。在生产速度提高的同时也保障了产品质量。由于汽车的架构十分精密，因此顶起排查保养显得十分重要。 汽车举升机是汽车的故障排查和保养时不可或缺的机器。由两支撑柱支撑的平面与车辆的接触位置传递力，借助液压装置提供的原动力，将汽车举高到维护人员工作相对便利的高度。这样的举升机的工作元里十分简洁，生产方便，成本低廉。 该设计就是在上述的社会环境下发明探究了一种应佣液压提供原动力式的两个柱子的机构，由于液压装置的无极变速特性，能够迅猛准确的达到目标高度。利用两个柱子的结构即拥有了稳定的构架也节省了空间。在该设计中，进行了举升机的整体架构设计，并计算了其中个别重要的零件机构，以达到全方位复习专业知识，温故知新的目的。 关键词：举升机；整体设计；液压系统 ABSTRACT Starti
ng from the begi
n
ni
ng of the fou
ndi
ng of a car shell requires doze
ns ofworkers to startwith a hammer to k
nock out, u
ntil
now high-speed rail tech
nology ca
n meetworld sta
ndards. Chi
na’s tech
nological i
ndustry is rapidly developi
ng. Amo
ng thevarious ma
nufacturi
ng i
ndustries, the most sig
nifica
nt o
nes are automotive productio
n. The automotive i
ndustry has a high degree of comprehe
nsive tech
nology a
nd high dema
nd for assembly precisio
n betwee
n compo
ne
nts. Therefore, it ca
n i
ntuitively reflect the level of i
ndustrial developme
nt i
n a cou
ntry. Si
nce e
nteri
ng the 21st ce
ntury, Chi
na's automobile ma
nufacturi
ng i
ndustry has grow
n at a geometric multiple of its productio
n efficie
ncy. The product quality is also guara
nteedwhile the productio
n speed is i
ncreased. As the architecture of the car isvery precise, it isvery importa
nt to take care of the top. Car lifts are i
ndispe
nsable machi
nes for troubleshooti
ng a
nd mai
nte
na
nce of cars. The force tra
nsmitted by the co
ntact surface betwee
n the pla
ne supported by the two supporti
ng colum
ns a
nd thevehicle a
nd the origi
nal power provided by the hydraulic device lift thevehicle up to a relatively co
nve
nie
nt height for mai
nte
na
nce perso
n
nel. Theworki
ng eleme
nts of such a lift arevery simple, easy to produce, a
nd i
nexpe
nsive. This desig
n is based o
n the above-me
ntio
ned social e
nviro
nme
nt a
nd i
nve
nted a
nd explored a mecha
nism to provide prime mover-type two pillars due to hydraulic pressure. Due to thevariable speed characteristics of the hydraulic device, the target height ca
n be quickly a
nd accurately achieved. The use of a two-pillar structure that has a stable structure also saves space. I
n this graduatio
n desig
n, the overall architecture desig
n of the liftwas performed, a
nd the i
ndividual importa
nt parts a
nd mecha
nismswere calculated to achieve a comprehe
nsive review of professio
nal k
nowledge a
nd to lear
n
new ideas. Keywords: lifti
ng mahi
ne; The overall desig
n; The hydraulic system 目录 第一章绪论3 1.1课题背景和意义3 1.2国内外发展现状4 1.3设计内容4 第二章举升机方案的确定6 2.1举升机的结构与要求6 2.2设计基本参数6 2.3明确举升机结构策划6 2.3.1举升装置7 2.3.2立柱7 2.3.3支撑机构8 2.3.4平衡机构8 2.3.5保险机构8 第三章举升机液压系统相关设计10 3.1液压缸与活塞杆的设计10 3.1.1液压缸缸径的计算10 3.1.2活塞杆直径的确定10 3.1.3活塞杆的校核11 3.2液压泵与电机的选择12 3.2.1液压泵的选择12 3.2.2电机的选择13 3.3液压控制系统基本原理和设计13 3.4液压控制阀的选择14 3.5液压系统附件计算与选择15 3.5.1流量计算15 3.5.2管道尺寸的确定15 3.6液压系统性能验算16 3.6.1系统压力损失验算16 3.6.2计算液压系统的发热功率17 第四章机械部件的计算19 4.1链条的计算与选择19 4.2槽轮的设计19 4.3槽轮座和槽轮轴的设计19 4.4轴承得计算与选择20 4.5钢丝绳的计算与选择20 第五章双柱式汽车举升机校核计算21 5.1结构的检测与校核21 5.1.1主立柱算数与解析21 5.1.2强度分析与校核23 5.1.3主立柱的刚度计算27 5.2托臂部分的强度校核28 5.2.1托臂部分截面特性28 5.2.2托臂部分强度核算28 5.2.3挠度计算校核31 结论32 参考文献33 致谢34