机械5

清淤机的消音器设计 摘要 随着21世纪改革开放以来，我国的经济有了飞速的发展，加上科学技术的日益提高，人们的生活水平也有了质的提升，清淤机开始走进了千家万户，随之而来的大气污染和噪声污染也一直困然着人们的生活和我们一直平静祥和的大自然！这使得我国的清淤机数量迅速增加，带来的交通问题也日益险峻，而其中，私家车增速最快，在大城市里，几乎每个家庭都拥有一辆私家车，有的家庭里甚至人手一辆！这样导致的噪声污染就尤其严重。噪声的危害是多方面的，轻微的噪声会影响人们的休息与睡眠，严重的噪声甚至会损伤人的听力、诱发各种疾病甚至影响人们的心理健康容易使人产生焦虑、失眠等状况。德国柏林环境署在一份研究报告中指出，在平均70分贝的噪声中可使人们心肌梗塞发病率增加30％左右，特别是夜间受扰，发病率更高。在极强烈的噪声如高达140分贝环境下，则会引起听觉器官发生急性外伤，特别的噪声还会损坏建筑物和仪器设备等。 清淤机的噪声包括了各种不同性质噪声的综合性噪声源，清淤机噪声源大致可以分为发动机噪声和底盘噪声。发动机噪声是清淤机噪声源的主要部分。发动机噪声再细分又可以分为空气动力性噪声、燃烧噪声和机械噪声。其中空气动力性噪声主要包括进气、排气和风扇噪声，而其中，排气噪声又是发动机最大的噪声源，进气噪声稍次之，随着对噪声控制要求的提高，发动机噪声的处理问题显得日益突出，国内外都十分重视降低清淤机发动机噪声。因此，为了降低我国清淤机噪声水平，首先应以控制发动机动力噪声问主要目标，把握关键，再辅助从其它方面更好的降低清淤机噪声水平。 关键词噪声消声器清淤机 Abstract Si
nce the reform a
nd ope
ni
ng up i
n twe
nty-first Ce
ntury, Chi
na's eco
nomy has developed rapidly, a
nd scie
nce a
nd tech
nology i
ncreasi
ng, people's livi
ng sta
ndard also has bee
n a qualitative improveme
nt, the car started to e
nter thousa
nds of households, air pollutio
n a
nd
noise pollutio
n there has difficultieswith
natural people's lives a
ndwe have bee
n peaceful
nature! This makes Chi
na's
number of cars is i
ncreasi
ng rapidly, the traffic problem has caused i
ncreasi
ngly steep, a
nd amo
ng them, the fastest growth rate of private cars, i
n the big city, almost every family has a car, some families eve
n a staff! Noise pollutio
n is particularly serious cause. Noise harm isvarious, slight
noisewill affect the rest a
nd sleep of people, serious
noise i
nduced heari
ng, eve
n disease damage people eve
n affect people's me
ntal health is easy to produce a
nxiety, i
n som
nia a
nd other co
nditio
ns. Germa
ny Berli
n e
nviro
nme
nt departme
nt said i
n a research report, the average 70 dB
noise ca
n make people 30% i
ncrease i
n the i
ncide
nce of myocardial i
nfarctio
n, especially at
night, disturbed, a higher i
ncide
nce. The
noise isvery stro
ng as high as 140 dB e
nviro
nme
nt,will cause the auditory orga
n of acute trauma,
noise also special damage to buildi
ngs a
nd equipme
nt etc.. The
noise of the car i
ncludi
ng a comprehe
nsive
noise source all ki
nds of
noise, car
noise source ca
n be roughly divided i
nto the
noise of the e
ngi
ne a
nd chassis
noise. E
ngi
ne
noise is the mai
n part ofvehicle
noise. The
noise of the e
ngi
ne is subdivided a
nd ca
n be divided i
nto the air dy
namic
noise, combustio
n
noise a
nd mecha
nical
noise. The air dy
namic
noise mai
nly comprises a
n air i
nlet, exhaust a
nd fa
n
noise, ofwhich, the exhaust
noise is the biggest source of e
ngi
ne
noise, the i
ntake
noise slightly times, alo
ngwith the
noise co
ntrol requireme
nts i
ncrease, dealwith the problem of e
ngi
ne
noise is becomi
ng i
ncreasi
ngly promi
ne
nt, at home a
nd abroad have attached great importa
nce to reduce e
ngi
ne
noise. Therefore, i
n order to reduce the
noise level of our car, first of all should be to co
ntrol the e
ngi
ne
noise asked the mai
n goal, grasp the key, the
n assisted i
n otherways, better to reduce automobile
noise level. Keywords：Noise Muffler Dredgi
ng machi
ne 目录 第一章绪论4 1.1清淤机消声器现状4 1.2清淤机消声器模型快速研制的任务和特点5 第二章清淤机消声器的总体设计6 2.1消声器分类6 2.2消声器工作原理8 2.3消声器的选择8 2.4消声器结构设计9 第三章快速研制的加工工艺10 3.1产品三维模型的构建10 3.2三维模型的零件设计10 3.3零件成型加工12 第四章实体零件的性能分析14 4.1消声器的声学性能14 4.2消声器的空气动力性能14 4.3消声器的结构性能16 第五章结论17 致谢18 参考文献19