机械5

摘要 专用机床是通过缩小机床的工艺用途来实现高效率的机床。这类机床结构较简单，调整和操作方便，自动化程度较高，易于保证质量并有较高的生产率。适于成批生产。根据制动蹄圆柱面的加工要求，采用专用机床加工该工件比较适合。 根据制动蹄圆柱面的加工要求，本设计的主要任务是制动蹄圆柱面专用铣床的总体及夹具设计。全面的考虑整台机床所需的部件以及各个部件的布局，明确各个部件的作用以及技术要求等。从工件出发，分析及确定加工用量，根据切削用量选择动力部件，设计传动链，选择电机的型号。另一方面，夹具的设计是工件能否在这台机床上加工的关键。根据工件的技术要求，分析工件的定位，采用定位销、挡板和支承块定位，限制了工件的六个自由度，保证加工要求。 本设计圆满设计出了一台专门加工制动蹄圆柱面的铣床，解决了工件在车床以及磨床上难加工的问题。另一方面，设计的夹具解决了工件如何定位及夹紧在机床上等问题，从而保证加工稳定，达到加工精度要求。 关键词专用；总体；制动；自由度 Abstract Special machi
ne is a machi
ne by reduci
ng the use of tech
nology to achieve high efficie
ncy of the machi
ne. Such machi
ne's structure is relatively simple, easy adjusted, higher degree of automatio
n, easy to guara
ntee quality a
nd has higher productivity. So it's suitabled for mass productio
n. Accordi
ng to the processi
ng requireme
nts of the brake cyli
nder, it's more suitable usi
ng a special machi
ne to process thework-piece. Accordi
ng to the processi
ng requireme
nts of the brake cyli
nder, The mai
n tasks of the desig
n are to overall desig
n a special milli
ng machi
ne of brake cyli
nder a
nd the fixture. Rou
ndly co
nsiders the
necessary compo
ne
nts of thewhole machi
ne a
nd the layout of thevarious compo
ne
nts. Explicits the fu
nctio
n a
nd the tech
nical requireme
nts of each parts. The overall desig
n of this special milli
ng machi
ne begi
ns from theworkpiece, a
nalyse a
nd determi
ne the dosage of the process, the
n choose the motivity parts, desig
n the drive chai
n, a
nd fi
nal choose the choice of the motor base the dosage of the process. The other ha
nd, it's the keywhether thework-pieces ca
n be do
ne i
n this machi
ne processi
ng that the fixture is desig
ned. Accordi
ng to the tech
nical requireme
nts of thework-piece, this fixture uses pi
ns a
nd supporti
ng baffle block positio
ni
ng to limit thework-piece's 6-DOF a
nd guara
ntee the processi
ng requireme
nts. A specialized machi
ne for processi
ng brake cyli
nder is satisfactorily desig
ned. This machi
ne solves the problem that thework-piece is difficult processed o
n the lathe a
nd o
n the gri
ndi
ng machi
ne. The other ha
nd, the fixture solves the problem that how to orie
ntate thework-piece a
nd clamp o
n the machi
ne. It ca
n e
nsure the stability of the processi
ng a
nd make to arrive at the precisio
n machi
ni
ng. Keywords special overall brake DOF 目录 1绪论1 1.1设计意义1 1.2专用机床概述1 2零件分析和加工方案的确定3 2.1零件分析3 2.1.1零件介绍3 2.1.2零件的功用3 2.1.3零件的毛坯材料4 2.2加工方案的确定4 3专用机床总体设计6 3.1机床设计的步骤6 3.2刀具与工件相对位置的确定6 3.2.1设定相对位置尺寸6 3.2.2铣削后圆柱面的侧母线7 3.2.3参数、值大小及精度9 3.2.4确定相对位置尺寸10 3.3铣削用量的确定10 3.4确定制蹄片专用铣床总体方案12 3.5确定制动蹄片专用铣床的传动14 3.5.1减速器的类型与选择15 3.5.2电动机的类型与选择15 3.5.3传动装置的总传动比及分配17 3.5.4计算传动装置的运动和动力参数17 3.5.4.1各轴转速17 3.5.4.2各轴的输入功率18 3.5.4.3各轴的输入转矩18 3.5.5 V型带的设计与选择18 3.5.6齿轮传动设计20 3.5.6.1选择模数20 3.5.7轴的校核22 3.5.8轴承的选择与校核24 3.5.9键的校核25 4专用机床夹具的设计26 4.1机床夹具概述26 4.2工件的定位29 4.2.1工件在夹具中定位的基本任务29 4.2.2制动蹄片圆柱面的定位方法及定位元件30 4.3定位误差的分析和计算30 4.4制动蹄片圆柱面的夹紧方式分析及计算32 4.4.1拉紧机构32 4.4.2夹紧机构34 结论36 致谢37 参考文献38