ZY2000/07/14液压支架设计
摘要
随着煤矿综采机械化程度的大幅度提高及超强度开采,原煤田中开采条件较好的煤层逐渐枯竭,薄煤层综合机械化开采成为一个研究的重要课题。
本以淄博矿集团埠村煤矿0.7~1.1米范围内的薄煤层综采为研究对象,分析了较薄煤层的综合机械化开采工艺,同时对配套使用的液压支架进行了研究。在薄煤层的综合机械化配套设备中,分析了配套使用的采煤机、刮板运输机、液压支架的特点,以及采煤区的地质条件,提出了液压支架的选型原则和方法,完成了适合淄矿集团埠村煤矿的液压支架的选型和相关参数的计算,其设计过程主要包括以下问题:液压支架的总体设计、主要零部件的设计和校核、液压系统的设计、液压支架配套设备的选型。此外本还附有下列图纸:液压支架装配图、掩护梁结构图、液压系统图。
薄煤层液压支架的成功与成熟对于提高薄煤层采煤效率、节约国家煤炭资源将会有重要意义。
关键词:薄煤层;综采机械化;液压支架;装配图
Hydraulic Support Desig
n Abstract With the i
ncreaseme
nt of coal mi
ne comprehe
nsive mecha
nizatio
n level substa
ntial a
nd excessive mi
ni
ng, the coal seam of better field co
nditio
n is gradually dryi
ng up is the field of raw coal. It becomes a great research task for the thi
n coal seam to be mi
ned by comprehe
nsive mecha
nizatio
n. This thesis is adopted comprehe
nsively for the research objectwith the thi
n coal seam i
n ra
nge of 0.7~1.1 meters of colliery of Buvillage of Zibo ore group, It is a
nalyzed that the sy
nthesis of the thi
n
ner coal seam exploits the craft mecha
nizedly, The hydraulic support that used carried o
n research to formi
ng a complete set at the same time. I
n the comprehe
nsive mecha
nized corollary equipme
nt of the thi
n coal seam, Have a
nalyzed a
nd formed a complete set the characteristics of coal mi
ni
ng machi
ne, scratch board co
nveyor, hydraulic support used, A
nd the geological co
nditio
n of the ba
nk, Have proposed selecti
ng type pri
nciple a
nd method of the hydraulic support, Have fi
nished suiti
ng the selecti
ng type of the hydraulic support of the colliery of portvillage of black ore group a
nd calculatio
n of releva
nt parameters, Its desig
n process mai
nly i
ncludes the followi
ng questio
ns: Overall desig
n of the hydraulic support, Desig
n a
nd check of the mai
n spare part, Hydraulic a
nd systematic desig
n, Selecti
ng type of the corollary equipme
nt of the hydraulic support. I
n additio
n this thesis also e
ncloses the followi
ng drawi
ngs: I
nstallatio
n diagram of hydraulic support, Shield the structure chart of roof beam, Hydraulic systematic picture. Thi
n coal seam hydraulic success a
nd ripe for improve thi
n coal seam exploit mecha
nized improvi
ng efficie
ncy of mi
ni
ng, savi
ng
natio
nal coals resourceswill have importa
nt mea
ni
ngs. Keywords: Thi
n Coal Seam; Adopt a
nd Mecha
nize Comprehe
nsively; Hydraulic Support; I
nstallatio
n Diagra. 目录 1绪论1 1.1课题的研究背景和意义1 1.2液压支架的国内外发展状况1 1.3液压支架的用途2 1.4液压支架的工作原理2 1.4.1支架升降2 1.4.2支架推移3 1.4.3支架承载过程3 1.5液压支架的类型和结构5 1.5.1支撑式支架5 1.5.2掩护式支架5 1.5.3支撑掩护式支架6 1.6对液压支架的基本要求6 1.7设计液压支架必需的基本参数7 (1)顶板条件7 (2)最大和最小采高7 (3)瓦斯等级7 (4)底板岩性及小时涌水量7 (5)工作面煤壁条件7 (6)煤层倾角7 (7)井筒罐笼尺寸7 (8)配套尺寸7 2液压支架的架型设计10 2.1原始数据10 2.2液压支架的架型选择10 2.2.1影响架型选择的因素10 2.2.2支架架型的确定11 3液压支架的总体设计13 3.1液压支架主要参数的确定13 3.1.1支护强度和工作阻力13 3.1.2初撑力15 3.1.3移架力和推熘力15 3.2支架高度、中心距和底座长度的确定15 3.2.1支架高度15 3.2.2支架伸缩比16 3.2.3支架中心距16 3.2.4底座长度16 3.2.5底座宽度17 3.3四连杆机构的设计17 3.3.1四连杆机构的作用17 3.3.2四连杆机构的几何特征17 3.3.3四连杆机构各部件尺寸的计算18 3.3.4四连杆机构的约束条件22 3.4顶梁长度的确定23 3.4.1支架工作方式对顶梁长度的影响23 3.4.2配套尺寸对顶梁长度的影响23 3.4.3顶梁长度计算24 3.5立柱和千斤顶位置的确定25 3.5.1立柱布置25 3.5.2立柱柱窝位置的确定25 3.5.3平衡千斤顶位置的确定28 3.5.4侧推千斤顶位置的布置31 4液压支架受力分析32 4.1液压支架的支护性能和外载荷32 4.2液压支架基本技术参数的确定32 4.2.1支护面积32 4.2.2支护强度33 4.2.3确定立柱的技术参数33 4.2.4立柱的初撑力与泵站额定工作压力36 4.2.5安全阀压力与立柱工作阻力的确定43 4.2.6千斤顶技术参数的确定42 4.3支架受力分析与计算[9] 45 4.4顶梁载荷分布49 4.5支护强度计算50 4.6底座接触比压计算51 4.7支护效率53 4.8支架受力的影响因素54 4.8.1支护高度对支架受力的影响54 4.8.2摩擦系数对支架受力的影响54 4.8.3平衡千斤顶的推拉力对支架受力的影响54 4.8.4矸石作用力对支架顶梁受力的影响54 4.8.6摩擦力方向对支架受力的影响55 5液压支架的强度校核58 5.1强度条件58 5.2强度校核59 5.2.1顶梁强度校核59 5.2.2掩护梁强度校核63 5.2.3底座强度校核65 5.2.4立柱校核68 6液压系统的设计76 6.1液压系统的作用和特点76 6.1.1液压系统的作用76 6.1.2液压系统的特点76 6.1.3液压传动装置的基本要求76 6.2液压系统的拟定77 6.2.1主管路77 6.2.2液压支架的控制方式77 6.2.3支架液路及其各千斤顶工作过程77 7结论81 7.1技术经济分析81 7.2总结81 7.3展望82 参考文献83 致谢85
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n Abstract With the i
ncreaseme
nt of coal mi
ne comprehe
nsive mecha
nizatio
n level substa
ntial a
nd excessive mi
ni
ng, the coal seam of better field co
nditio
n is gradually dryi
ng up is the field of raw coal. It becomes a great research task for the thi
n coal seam to be mi
ned by comprehe
nsive mecha
nizatio
n. This thesis is adopted comprehe
nsively for the research objectwith the thi
n coal seam i
n ra
nge of 0.7~1.1 meters of colliery of Buvillage of Zibo ore group, It is a
nalyzed that the sy
nthesis of the thi
n
ner coal seam exploits the craft mecha
nizedly, The hydraulic support that used carried o
n research to formi
ng a complete set at the same time. I
n the comprehe
nsive mecha
nized corollary equipme
nt of the thi
n coal seam, Have a
nalyzed a
nd formed a complete set the characteristics of coal mi
ni
ng machi
ne, scratch board co
nveyor, hydraulic support used, A
nd the geological co
nditio
n of the ba
nk, Have proposed selecti
ng type pri
nciple a
nd method of the hydraulic support, Have fi
nished suiti
ng the selecti
ng type of the hydraulic support of the colliery of portvillage of black ore group a
nd calculatio
n of releva
nt parameters, Its desig
n process mai
nly i
ncludes the followi
ng questio
ns: Overall desig
n of the hydraulic support, Desig
n a
nd check of the mai
n spare part, Hydraulic a
nd systematic desig
n, Selecti
ng type of the corollary equipme
nt of the hydraulic support. I
n additio
n this thesis also e
ncloses the followi
ng drawi
ngs: I
nstallatio
n diagram of hydraulic support, Shield the structure chart of roof beam, Hydraulic systematic picture. Thi
n coal seam hydraulic success a
nd ripe for improve thi
n coal seam exploit mecha
nized improvi
ng efficie
ncy of mi
ni
ng, savi
ng
natio
nal coals resourceswill have importa
nt mea
ni
ngs. Keywords: Thi
n Coal Seam; Adopt a
nd Mecha
nize Comprehe
nsively; Hydraulic Support; I
nstallatio
n Diagra. 目录 1绪论1 1.1课题的研究背景和意义1 1.2液压支架的国内外发展状况1 1.3液压支架的用途2 1.4液压支架的工作原理2 1.4.1支架升降2 1.4.2支架推移3 1.4.3支架承载过程3 1.5液压支架的类型和结构5 1.5.1支撑式支架5 1.5.2掩护式支架5 1.5.3支撑掩护式支架6 1.6对液压支架的基本要求6 1.7设计液压支架必需的基本参数7 (1)顶板条件7 (2)最大和最小采高7 (3)瓦斯等级7 (4)底板岩性及小时涌水量7 (5)工作面煤壁条件7 (6)煤层倾角7 (7)井筒罐笼尺寸7 (8)配套尺寸7 2液压支架的架型设计10 2.1原始数据10 2.2液压支架的架型选择10 2.2.1影响架型选择的因素10 2.2.2支架架型的确定11 3液压支架的总体设计13 3.1液压支架主要参数的确定13 3.1.1支护强度和工作阻力13 3.1.2初撑力15 3.1.3移架力和推熘力15 3.2支架高度、中心距和底座长度的确定15 3.2.1支架高度15 3.2.2支架伸缩比16 3.2.3支架中心距16 3.2.4底座长度16 3.2.5底座宽度17 3.3四连杆机构的设计17 3.3.1四连杆机构的作用17 3.3.2四连杆机构的几何特征17 3.3.3四连杆机构各部件尺寸的计算18 3.3.4四连杆机构的约束条件22 3.4顶梁长度的确定23 3.4.1支架工作方式对顶梁长度的影响23 3.4.2配套尺寸对顶梁长度的影响23 3.4.3顶梁长度计算24 3.5立柱和千斤顶位置的确定25 3.5.1立柱布置25 3.5.2立柱柱窝位置的确定25 3.5.3平衡千斤顶位置的确定28 3.5.4侧推千斤顶位置的布置31 4液压支架受力分析32 4.1液压支架的支护性能和外载荷32 4.2液压支架基本技术参数的确定32 4.2.1支护面积32 4.2.2支护强度33 4.2.3确定立柱的技术参数33 4.2.4立柱的初撑力与泵站额定工作压力36 4.2.5安全阀压力与立柱工作阻力的确定43 4.2.6千斤顶技术参数的确定42 4.3支架受力分析与计算[9] 45 4.4顶梁载荷分布49 4.5支护强度计算50 4.6底座接触比压计算51 4.7支护效率53 4.8支架受力的影响因素54 4.8.1支护高度对支架受力的影响54 4.8.2摩擦系数对支架受力的影响54 4.8.3平衡千斤顶的推拉力对支架受力的影响54 4.8.4矸石作用力对支架顶梁受力的影响54 4.8.6摩擦力方向对支架受力的影响55 5液压支架的强度校核58 5.1强度条件58 5.2强度校核59 5.2.1顶梁强度校核59 5.2.2掩护梁强度校核63 5.2.3底座强度校核65 5.2.4立柱校核68 6液压系统的设计76 6.1液压系统的作用和特点76 6.1.1液压系统的作用76 6.1.2液压系统的特点76 6.1.3液压传动装置的基本要求76 6.2液压系统的拟定77 6.2.1主管路77 6.2.2液压支架的控制方式77 6.2.3支架液路及其各千斤顶工作过程77 7结论81 7.1技术经济分析81 7.2总结81 7.3展望82 参考文献83 致谢85
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