机械5

校车新型座椅设计 摘要：座椅是与人接触最密切的部件，人们对汽车平顺性的评价多是通过座椅的感受作出的。现代汽车的驾驶者座椅和前部乘员座椅多是电动可调的，又称电动座椅。因此，电动座椅是直接影 响桥车质量的关键部件之一。 汽车电动座椅以驾驶者的座椅为主。从服务对象出发，电动座椅必须要满足便利性和舒适性两大要求。也就是说乘员通过键钮操纵，既可以将座椅调整到最佳的位置上，还可以获得最舒适和最习惯的乘坐角度。为了满足这些要求，世界汽车生产大国的有关厂家都竟相采用机械和电子技术手段，制造出可调整的电动座椅。 本方案设计的学生电动座椅由双向电动机、传动装置和座椅调节器等组成。通过座椅调节器实现座椅上下移动、座椅靠背的角度旋转方向的调节。 汽车电动座椅的结构主要有:可逆直流微型电动机(驱动装置)、传动装置、连接机构、蜗轮、蜗杆、滚珠丝杠、水平滑动导轨等部件组合而成。座椅由坐垫、靠背、靠枕、骨架、悬挂和调节机构等组成。 关键词：汽车电器；电动座椅；蜗轮、蜗杆、螺杆 New School Bus Seat Desig
n Abstract: the chair is co
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ny are electrically operated adjustable, also calls the electrically operated chair. Therefore, the electrically operated chair is o
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ne,worm, screw 目录 摘要1 Abstract 1 1前言2 1.1本课题研究的意义3 1.2汽车座椅的研究现状及发展趋势3 1.2.1汽车座椅的研究现状3 1.2.2汽车座椅在国际上的发展趋势[8] 4 1.3用户人体尺寸研究5 1.3.1人体静态尺寸5 1.3.2人体测量尺寸6 1.4人体坐姿功能尺寸9 1.5座椅尺寸参数9 1.6汽车座椅的结构设计10 2研究方案的选取11 2.1综述11 2.2座椅坐垫升降部分11 2.3座椅靠背仰合系统方案的确定12 3机构设计14 3.1电动机选择计算14 3.1.1选择电动机的转速14 3.1.2工作机的有效功率14 3.1.3选择电动机型号14 3.2传动比分配15 3.3计算各轴转速15 3.4蜗轮蜗杆设计15 3.4.1选择蜗杆传动类型15 3.4.2选择材料15 3.4.3按齿面接触疲劳强度进行设计15 3.4.4蜗杆与蜗轮的主要参数与几何尺寸16 3.4.5校核齿根弯曲疲劳强度17 3.4.6验算效率18 3.4.7精度等级公差和表面粗糙度的确定18 3.5滚珠丝杠设计19 3.5.1选择滚珠丝杠型号及其工作条件19 3.5.2降速比计算19 3.5.3惯量计算19 3.5.4电动机力矩计算19 3.5.5刚度计算20 3.5.6反向死区20 3.5.7传动刚度变化引起的定位误差20 3.6棘轮棘爪的设计计算20 3.9.4轴的设计计算26 3.9.5凸轮的设计计算28 3.9.6机构的装配29 3.10座椅骨架的CAD设计29 4关键部件的校核30 4.1滚珠丝杠支承轴承验算30 4.2垂直调节螺杆验算31 4.2.1螺杆的强度计算31 4.2.2螺杆稳定性计算31 4.3垂直调节机构支承轴承验算31 5主要结论和未来展望32 参考文献33 致谢34