摘要
卷扬机,是用卷筒缠绕钢丝绳以提升或牵引重物的轻小型起重设备。本设计以零件疲劳理论和线性累积损伤假说为理论基础,运用静力学的普遍原理,分析和解决了绞车运动过程中的一些受力和运动问题,力求最优化和最可靠设计绞车减速器和卷筒。
本文主要介绍了卷扬机的发展历史,用途,组成及工作原理;卷扬机的工作特点;设计的一般步骤;使用中存在的问题及改进措施。在本次卷扬机的设计过程中,着重对减速器、卷筒进行了分析和设计。对重要的部件进行了受力分析、强度的校核,根据其常见失效形式、影响因素及基本设计要求,给出了重要部件的受力分析、强度和刚度的设计方法。
关键词:卷扬机;减速器;
ABSTRACT
Thewi
nch, is promotes or the hauli
ng heavy item light small hoisti
ng equipme
ntwith the reelwi
ndi
ng steelwire. This desig
n take the compo
ne
nts fatigue theory a
nd the li
nearity cumulative damage hypothesis as the ratio
nale, the utilizatio
n statics ge
neral pri
nciple, a
nalyzed a
nd has solved i
nwi
nch rate process some stress a
nd the moveme
nt questio
n, made every effort the optimizatio
n a
nd the most reliable desig
nwi
nch reductio
n gear a
nd the reel. I
n the most u
niversalwi
nch type of drive a
nd i
n the structure fou
ndatio
n, utilizes the positio
n se
nsi
ng a
nd thewater level se
nsi
ng tech
nology, uses the PLC co
ntrol, realized the tractio
nwi
nch to promote a
nd to release the pump house accordi
ng to thewater level the automatic co
ntrol a
nd the ha
nd co
ntrol. This article mai
nly i
ntroducedwi
nch's historical developme
nt, the use, the compositio
n a
nd the pri
nciple ofwork; Tractio
nwi
nch's operati
ng feature; Desig
n ge
neral step; I
n the use exists questio
n a
nd corrective measure. I
n this tractio
nwi
nch's desig
n process, to the reductio
n gear, the reel has carried o
n the a
nalysis a
nd the desig
n emphatically. Has carried o
n the stress a
nalysis, the i
nte
nsity exami
natio
n to the importa
nt part, accordi
ng to its commo
n failure mode, the i
nflue
nci
ng factor a
nd the basic desig
n request, has give
n the importa
nt part's stress a
nalysis, the i
nte
nsity a
nd the rigidity desig
n method. Keywords:Tractio
nwi
nch;Reductio
n gear; 目录 1概述..........................................................1 1.1卷扬机的应用场合........................................ 1 1.2卷扬机的主要类型........................................ 1 1.3国内卷扬机概况...........................................2 1.4国外卷扬机概况...........................................4 1.5卷扬机发展趋势...........................................5 2钢丝绳的选择..................................................6 2.1钢丝绳的选择方法.........................................6 2.1.1安全系数法.............................................6 2.1.2选择系数法.............................................7 2.2钢丝绳选择...............................................7 2.3钢丝绳强度校核...........................................7 2.4钢丝绳在卷筒上的固定.....................................8 2.4.1钢丝绳在卷筒上的固定方式...............................8 2.4.2钢丝绳固定端承载能力验算...............................8 2.4.3钢丝绳的出绳方向及其偏角...............................9 3卷筒设计计算.................................................11 3.1卷筒结构................................................11 3.2卷筒容绳尺寸参数计算....................................12 3.2.1卷筒节径..............................................12 3.2.2卷筒容绳宽度..........................................12 3.2.3钢丝绳缠绕层数........................................12 3.2.4确定卷筒各直径........................................13 3.2.5卷筒筒壳厚度..........................................13 3.2.6卷筒端侧板厚度........................................14 4电动机的选择.................................................15 4.1卷筒转速................................................15 4.2选型设计................................................15 5减速器的设计计算.............................................17 5.1传动方式的拟定..........................................17 5.1.1总传动比..............................................18 5.1.2传动比分配............................................18 5.2传动装置运动参数计算....................................19 5.2.1各轴转速计算..........................................19 5.2.2各轴功率计算..........................................19 5.2.3各轴扭矩计算..........................................19 5.3传动装置运动参数校核....................................20 5.3.1第一级齿轮传动校核....................................20 5.3.2第二级齿轮传动校核....................................24 5.3.3第三级齿轮传动校核....................................27 5.3.4第四级齿轮传动校核....................................31 5.3.5齿轮传动主要参数......................................34 5.4轴的设计计算35......................................... 35 5.4.1轴的材料选择..........................................35 5.4.2轴的结构设计..........................................36 5.4.3轴的校核..............................................41 5.4.4轴的弯矩图和扭矩图....................................42 5.5滚动轴承的选择及校核计算................................53 5.5.1轴承的类型选择........................................53 5.5.2滚动轴承常见的失效形式及计算准则......................53 5.5.3滚动轴承的校核计算................................... 54 5.6键连接的校核计算....................................... 58 5.7联接螺栓的校核计算..................................... 60 5.7.1计算工作剪力..........................................60 5.7.2螺栓剪切强度校核......................................61 5.8减速器的润滑和密封..................................... 61 5.8.1减速器的润滑..........................................61 5.8.2减速器的密封..........................................62 5.9减速器箱体及附件的选型设计............................. 62 5.9.1减速器箱体的设计......................................62 5.9.2减速器附件的选型设计..................................62 6联轴器与制动器的选型设计.....................................64 6.1联轴器的选型设计........................................64 6.2制动器的选型设计........................................66 6.2.1制动器的选型计算......................................67 设计总结.......................................................69 参考文献.......................................................70 致谢.........................................................81
展开...
nch, is promotes or the hauli
ng heavy item light small hoisti
ng equipme
ntwith the reelwi
ndi
ng steelwire. This desig
n take the compo
ne
nts fatigue theory a
nd the li
nearity cumulative damage hypothesis as the ratio
nale, the utilizatio
n statics ge
neral pri
nciple, a
nalyzed a
nd has solved i
nwi
nch rate process some stress a
nd the moveme
nt questio
n, made every effort the optimizatio
n a
nd the most reliable desig
nwi
nch reductio
n gear a
nd the reel. I
n the most u
niversalwi
nch type of drive a
nd i
n the structure fou
ndatio
n, utilizes the positio
n se
nsi
ng a
nd thewater level se
nsi
ng tech
nology, uses the PLC co
ntrol, realized the tractio
nwi
nch to promote a
nd to release the pump house accordi
ng to thewater level the automatic co
ntrol a
nd the ha
nd co
ntrol. This article mai
nly i
ntroducedwi
nch's historical developme
nt, the use, the compositio
n a
nd the pri
nciple ofwork; Tractio
nwi
nch's operati
ng feature; Desig
n ge
neral step; I
n the use exists questio
n a
nd corrective measure. I
n this tractio
nwi
nch's desig
n process, to the reductio
n gear, the reel has carried o
n the a
nalysis a
nd the desig
n emphatically. Has carried o
n the stress a
nalysis, the i
nte
nsity exami
natio
n to the importa
nt part, accordi
ng to its commo
n failure mode, the i
nflue
nci
ng factor a
nd the basic desig
n request, has give
n the importa
nt part's stress a
nalysis, the i
nte
nsity a
nd the rigidity desig
n method. Keywords:Tractio
nwi
nch;Reductio
n gear; 目录 1概述..........................................................1 1.1卷扬机的应用场合........................................ 1 1.2卷扬机的主要类型........................................ 1 1.3国内卷扬机概况...........................................2 1.4国外卷扬机概况...........................................4 1.5卷扬机发展趋势...........................................5 2钢丝绳的选择..................................................6 2.1钢丝绳的选择方法.........................................6 2.1.1安全系数法.............................................6 2.1.2选择系数法.............................................7 2.2钢丝绳选择...............................................7 2.3钢丝绳强度校核...........................................7 2.4钢丝绳在卷筒上的固定.....................................8 2.4.1钢丝绳在卷筒上的固定方式...............................8 2.4.2钢丝绳固定端承载能力验算...............................8 2.4.3钢丝绳的出绳方向及其偏角...............................9 3卷筒设计计算.................................................11 3.1卷筒结构................................................11 3.2卷筒容绳尺寸参数计算....................................12 3.2.1卷筒节径..............................................12 3.2.2卷筒容绳宽度..........................................12 3.2.3钢丝绳缠绕层数........................................12 3.2.4确定卷筒各直径........................................13 3.2.5卷筒筒壳厚度..........................................13 3.2.6卷筒端侧板厚度........................................14 4电动机的选择.................................................15 4.1卷筒转速................................................15 4.2选型设计................................................15 5减速器的设计计算.............................................17 5.1传动方式的拟定..........................................17 5.1.1总传动比..............................................18 5.1.2传动比分配............................................18 5.2传动装置运动参数计算....................................19 5.2.1各轴转速计算..........................................19 5.2.2各轴功率计算..........................................19 5.2.3各轴扭矩计算..........................................19 5.3传动装置运动参数校核....................................20 5.3.1第一级齿轮传动校核....................................20 5.3.2第二级齿轮传动校核....................................24 5.3.3第三级齿轮传动校核....................................27 5.3.4第四级齿轮传动校核....................................31 5.3.5齿轮传动主要参数......................................34 5.4轴的设计计算35......................................... 35 5.4.1轴的材料选择..........................................35 5.4.2轴的结构设计..........................................36 5.4.3轴的校核..............................................41 5.4.4轴的弯矩图和扭矩图....................................42 5.5滚动轴承的选择及校核计算................................53 5.5.1轴承的类型选择........................................53 5.5.2滚动轴承常见的失效形式及计算准则......................53 5.5.3滚动轴承的校核计算................................... 54 5.6键连接的校核计算....................................... 58 5.7联接螺栓的校核计算..................................... 60 5.7.1计算工作剪力..........................................60 5.7.2螺栓剪切强度校核......................................61 5.8减速器的润滑和密封..................................... 61 5.8.1减速器的润滑..........................................61 5.8.2减速器的密封..........................................62 5.9减速器箱体及附件的选型设计............................. 62 5.9.1减速器箱体的设计......................................62 5.9.2减速器附件的选型设计..................................62 6联轴器与制动器的选型设计.....................................64 6.1联轴器的选型设计........................................64 6.2制动器的选型设计........................................66 6.2.1制动器的选型计算......................................67 设计总结.......................................................69 参考文献.......................................................70 致谢.........................................................81
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