机械5

摘要 汽车工业在中国已经经历了60年的探索与发展，近年来，我国汽车生产水平大幅度提高，逐步接近世界先进水平。焊接作为汽车生产工艺中必不可少且最关键的一环，国内的焊接技术也达到了国际水准。在专业性强且具有规则轨道的零部件进行焊接时，使用焊接专机可以满足焊接条件且经济实用。 本设计为汽车后桥环焊缝焊接专机的设计。整个焊接专机的工作包括气动卡盘卡紧与放松并按照焊接工艺要求进行匀速转动，顶尖通过气缸带动进行左右移动以便装卸工件，焊枪上下移动给工人留下操作空间，焊枪可以左右移动以便使焊枪对准焊缝位置。 环焊缝焊接专机的结构设计内容包括床身，焊接小车，传动机构，工装卡具等。根据工件的加工需求，采用两个对称的焊接小车进行一次性同时加工两条焊缝。环焊缝的工作原理是焊枪不动，要求工件进行匀速转动，所以气动卡盘是整个设计的核心部件，根据工件的尺寸对卡盘的大小尺寸，工件的定位都是以卡盘中心为基准。进行设计另外设计内容还包括了电机与减速机构的选取，顶尖定位与传动，焊接小车的设计等。 关键词：汽车后桥；焊接专机；气动卡盘；焊接小车 Abstract Automobile i
ndustry i
n Chi
na has go
ne through 60years of exploratio
n a
nd developme
nt,i
n rece
ntyears,Chi
na's automobile productio
n levels i
ncrease the dsig
nifica
ntly,Step by step closer to theworld's adva
nced level.Weldi
ng as a car is
necessary i
n the productio
n process a
nd the key li
nk，Domesticweldi
ng tech
nology has reached the i
nter
natio
nal level.I
n orbits a
ndwith specialized compo
ne
nts duri
ngweldi
ng,usi
ng theweldi
ng machi
ne ca
n satisfy theweldi
ng co
nditio
ns a
nd the eco
nomic a
nd practical. This desig
n for the automobile rear axle seamweldi
ng machi
ne desig
n.Work of thewholeweldi
ng machi
ne i
ncludi
ng p
neumatic chuck card tight a
nd relaxatio
n a
nd u
niform rotatio
n i
n accorda
ncewith the requireme
nts forweldi
ng process.Top move arou
nd to u
nloadi
ngworkpieces by p
neumatic cyli
nders,Weldi
ng torch leftworkers operati
ng space to move up a
nd dow
n,Weldi
ng torch ca
n move arou
nd i
n order to make the torch o
n theweld positio
n. Seamweldi
ng machi
ne structure desig
n co
nte
nt i
ncludi
ng lathe bed seam theweldi
ng machi
ne tstructure desig
n co
nte
nt i
ncludi
ng lathe bed,theweldi
ng tractor, tra
nsmissio
n mecha
nism.Due to theworkpiece requireme
nts,Usi
ng two symmetricalweldi
ng carriage to o
ne-time processi
ng twoweld at the same time.Theworki
ng pri
nciple of girthweld is aweldi
ng torch,So the p
neumatic chuck is the core compo
ne
nt of thewhole desig
n,So accordi
ng to the size of the size of theworkpiece to chuck size,So the rootworkpiece positio
ni
ng are chuck ce
nter as a be
nchmark.To carry o
n the desig
n a
nd desig
n co
nte
nt i
ncludes the selectio
n of motor a
nd the retardi
ng mecha
nism, top locatio
n a
nd tra
nsmissio
n, the desig
n of theweldi
ng carriage, etc. Keywords:Automobile drivi
ng axle; Weldi
ng machi
ne; P
neumatic chuck. Weldi
ng tractor 目录 摘要4 Abstract 5 第1章绪论1 1.1焊接专机的发展现状及发展趋势1 1.2国内外焊接技术发展2 1.2.1国内焊接技术的发展现状2 1.2.2国外焊接技术发展现状3 1.3课题研究内容及目标5 第2章汽车后桥环焊缝焊接专机整体设计方案6 2.1汽车后桥环焊缝焊接专机工作原理6 2.2气动卡盘的设计6 2.2.1气动卡盘的工作原理6 2.2.2滑柱的设计方案7 2.2.3活塞的设计方案8 2.2.4气缸的设计方案8 2.2.5法兰盘的设计方案8 2.2.6进气盘的设计方案8 2.2.7芯体的设计方案9 2.2.8端盖的设计方案9 2.2.9爪体与卡爪的设计方案9 2.2.10轴承及轴承端盖的设计方案9 2.2.11橡胶密封环的设计方案10 2.2.12轴的设计10 2.3焊枪卡紧机构的设计10 2.4工件支架的设计12 第3章汽车后桥环焊缝焊接专机各标准件的选取13 3.1电动机与减速机的选取13 3.2顶尖的选取14 3.3气缸的选取15 3.3.1带动顶尖的气缸的选取15 3.3.2带动焊枪的气缸的选取15 3.4工件的定位15 3.4.1加工件的定位15 3.4.2气动卡盘的定位15 3.4.3工件支架的定位15 3.4.4减速电动机及减速机的定位15 3.4.5顶尖的定位16 3.4.6顶尖气缸的定位和校核16 3.4.7焊枪的定位18 3.4.8送丝机构的定位19 第4章结论22 参考文献23 致谢24