机械5

摘要 当前中国社会人口老龄化的问题越来越突出。本文主要考虑到老年人人群以及残疾人人群行动不便，还有部分老式楼房没有电梯的特点，设计具有爬楼梯功能的电动轮椅，从而提高他们的生活质量。 本次设计主要针对电动爬楼梯轮椅进行设计。首先，通过对电动爬楼梯轮椅的结构及运动原理进行分析，并在此基础上提出总体设计方案，本设计决定采用星轮式的爬楼轮椅。其次是对轮椅主要结构参数进行设计计算以及对各主要零部件进行设计及校核，主要包括对轮椅座椅骨架的设计，座椅调平机构的设计以及轮椅传动机构的设计。最后，通过制图软件绘制电动爬楼梯轮椅的装配图及主要部件零件图。 本电动爬楼梯轮椅在普通轮椅的基础上安装了星轮式爬楼装置、座椅调平机构、电机及其相关控制系统。这样可以方便使用人群，减少他们出行的困难，提高他们的生活质量。 在中国国民经济发展中，电动爬楼梯轮椅的需求逐年增加，市场潜力巨大，电动爬楼轮椅行业发展机遇广阔，生产前景良好。 关键词：行星轮座椅调平机构控制系统轮椅 Abstract The curre
nt problem of agi
ng populatio
n i
n Chi
na is becomi
ng more a
nd more promi
ne
nt.This article mai
nlytakes i
nto accou
nt the elderlypeople a
nd the disabled populatio
n mobility,there are some old buildi
ngswithout the characteristics of the elevator,desig
ned to climb the stairs fu
nctio
n of electricwheelchairs,therebye
nha
nci
ng their qualityof life. This desig
n is mai
nlyfor electric climbi
ng stairswheelchair desig
n.First of all,through the a
nalysis of the structure a
nd moveme
nt pri
nciple of the electric climbi
ng staircasewheelchair,a
nd o
n this basis,put forward the overall desig
n pla
n,the desig
n decided to use thewheel-type climbi
ngwheelchair.Followed bythe desig
n a
nd calculatio
n of the mai
n structural parameters of thewheelchair a
nd the desig
n a
ndverificatio
n of the major compo
ne
nts,i
ncludi
ng the desig
n of thewheelchair seat frame,seat leveli
ng mecha
nism desig
n a
ndwheelchair tra
nsmissio
n mecha
nism desig
n.Fi
nally,through the mappi
ng software to drawelectric climbi
ngwheelchair assemblydiagram a
nd the mai
n parts of the assemblymap. The electric climbi
ng staircasewheelchair i
n the ordi
narywheelchair o
n the basis of the i
nstallatio
n of a star-type climbi
ng equipme
nt,seat leveli
ng mecha
nism,motor a
nd its related co
ntrol system.This makes it easyto use the crowd,reduce the difficultyof their travel,a
nd improve their qualityof life. I
n Chi
na's
natio
nal eco
nomic developme
nt,the dema
nd for electric climbi
ng stairwheelchair i
ncreasedyear byyear,the market has great pote
ntial,electric climbi
ngwheelchair i
ndustrydevelopme
nt opportu
nities arevast,the productio
n prospects are good. Keywords：pla
netwheel seat leveli
ng mecha
nism co
ntrol systemwheelchair 目录 摘要Ⅲ AbstractⅣ 1绪论1 2机械结构总体方案设计2 2.1爬楼机构的选择2 2.2爬楼轮椅总体结构概述3 2.3轮椅座椅骨架设计4 2.3.1.座椅宽度5 2.3.2.座椅深度5 2.3.3.座椅靠背的高和宽5 2.3.4.座椅靠背倾角5 2.3.5.扶手尺寸5 2.3.6.脚踏板高度5 2.4星轮爬升机构设计6 2.5座椅调平机构的设计9 3电气系统总体方案设计12 3.1电机的选择12 3.2蓄电池选择16 3.3控制系统设计17 3.3.1电机驱动原理17 3.3.2电机调速原理18 3.3.3 PLC控制系统19 3.3.4 PLC相关参数21 4.传动部件的设计23 4.1传动系统动力参数计算23 4.2齿轮传动的设计24 4.3传动轴的设计28 4.3.1输出轴的设计28 4.3.2车轮轴的设计31 参考文献36