机械5

摘要 近年来，我国机械制造业的自动化生产技术有了较快的发展。据统计，生产过程中材料、半成品的输送、定向及设备的上、下料等辅助工序所花的费用约占全部加工费用的三分之一，所花时间约占全部加工时间的三分之二以上。为了解决上述问题，发展了一种用计算机以数字指令方式控制的数字控制机床。数控机床的应用几乎已扩展到所有加工领域，许多工厂为了适应产品的频繁更新，提高加工精度、降低生产成本、缩短产品交货周期和减轻劳动强度等目的，在中等批量、甚至大批量生产中也应用了数控机床，即使在5000件的生产批量下加工结构形状不太复杂的零件，使用数控机床也能取得良好的经济效益。 320mm数控车床为全能型加工车床，可进行多次重复循环加工，特别适合于汽车、石油机械、军工等多种行业的机械加工，主要用于轴类、盘类的精加工和半精加工，可以加工内、外圆柱表面、锥面、车削螺纹、镗孔、铰孔以及各种曲线回转体。可根据用户要求配置手动、电动、液压卡盘和手动、电动、液压尾座等。机床防护有全防护、封闭防护两种形式。 关键字：数控车床；精加工；液压尾座 Abstract I
n rece
ntyears,the automatio
n productio
n tech
nique of the our cou
ntrymachi
ne ma
nufacturi
ng i
ndustryco
ntai
n quicker developme
nt.Accordi
ng to the covaria
nce,material i
n the productio
n li
ne,the semi-processed goods tra
nsport,defi
nite directio
n a
nd equipme
nts of up,bottom a
nticipate the etc.,the expe
nses that the assista
ncework preface spe
nd about has all 1/3 of process the expe
nses,time spe
nd about has all 2/3 of process time is above.For resolvi
ng the above-me
ntio
ned problem,produce a ki
nd of
numeral co
ntrol tool machi
ne that co
ntrols by
numerical i
nstructio
nwith the calculator.The applicatio
n that
number co
ntrols the tool machi
ne almost has alreadyexpa
nd to all process the realm.Ma
nyfactoryfor the sake of the multifarious re
newal of the orie
ntatio
n product,the exaltatio
n processes the accuracy,lowers the productio
n cost a
nd shorte
ns the product to deliver goods the period a
nd ease to labor the stre
ngth etc.purpose,also applied the
number to co
ntrol the tool machi
ne i
nwi
nwait batch qua
ntity,eve
n mass-produce,eve
n process the
not that complicated spare parts of the structure shape u
nder 5000 pieces productio
n batch qua
ntities,usi
ng the
number to co
ntrol the tool machi
ne also ca
n obtai
n good eco
nomic performa
nce. 320 mm the
number co
ntrols the lather to process the lather for the om
nipote
nt type,ca
n carryo
n ma
nyrepetitio
ns to process circularly,special suitable for automobile,petroleum machi
ne,the soldierwork etc.the machi
ne ofvarious professio
n process,mai
nlyusi
ng for stalk,dish's process to processwith the half,ca
n process i
nside,the outside cyli
nder surface,face,the car pares thread,bore of，bore of a
ndvarious curves tur
n-over body.Ca
n request to i
nstall to move accordi
ng to the customer,dy
namoelectric,the liquid presses the card dish a
nd ha
nds to move,dy
namoelectric,the liquid presses the tail.The tool machi
ne protectio
n co
ntai
nwhole protectio
n,close two ki
nds of forms of protectio
n. Keywords：The
number co
ntrols；the lather to process；the liquid to press the tail 目录 摘要I Abstract II 第1章绪论1 1.1课题背景及目的1 1.2国内外研究现状及发展趋势2 1.2.1数控系统的发展趋势2 1.2.2我国数控车床的研究现状及发展趋势2 第2章320mm数控车床7 2.1 320mm数控车床简介7 2.2机床主要技术参数和连接尺寸8 2.3机床精度的选择8 2.4电动机的选择10 2.4.1选择电动机类型10 2.4.2选择电动机容量10 2.4.3确定电动机的转速11 2.5无级变速的主传动系统设计11 2.6主轴组件的基本要求11 2.6.1旋转精度12 2.6.2静刚度12 2.6.3抗震性12 2.6.4温升和热变形13 2.6.5耐磨性13 第3章数控机床的主轴及其机械结构14 3.1对主轴驱动的要求14 3.1.1主传动要有宽的调速范围及尽可能实现无级变速14 3.1.2功率大14 3.1.3动态响应性要好15 3.1.4精度高15 3.1.5旋转轴联动功能15 3.1.6恒线速度切削功能15 3.2初选主轴直径15 3.3传动轴直径18 3.4确定带轮直径18 3.5普通V带的设计18 第4章轴承选用与寿命计算27 4.1轴承选用27 4.2轴承的寿命计算28 4.3轴承的润滑与密封28 4.3.1主轴滚动轴承的润滑29 第5章箱体的设计31 5.1箱体的结构特点及技术要求31 5.1.1箱体的结构要求31 5.1.2箱体的主要技术要求31 5.2壁厚的选择32 结论33 致谢34 参考文献35