机械5

摘要 在科技发达的今天，注塑模具发挥了不小的作用，在机械、器械、用品的产品中都存在注塑模具的生产。从模具的开创至今模具设计和制造也是不断的进步与创新，以前绘制装配图都是用手绘制现如今科技发达绘制图纸只需要用电脑绘制，不仅仅绘制二维装配图连三维也能绘制。 本次设计的参考件是以圆盖为设计任务，此产品外形光滑简单，用UG三维软件绘制产品。在绘制过程中要考虑到抜模斜度，方便顶出脱模。绘制完成后，根据需求排列出一模二腔计算出他的模架，然后确定它的分型面。分型面的选择也要考虑到脱模的方向和零件的外形，还要考虑到型芯型腔的机械加工方便性和顶出机构的受力均匀。根据产品的排列和原料的流动性收缩率选择进料口使其填面不缺料。冷却方法根据模具的设计产品的摆放来确定，一般采用环绕式的水管。推出机构通常采用圆顶针，这种推模方式会留有顶出痕迹，如不能有顶出痕迹可使用推板推出或者使用机型手取出，选用的方式根据产品的使用和外观要求而定。三维软件绘制完成后根据图形再使用CAD绘制二维装配图和零件图，这样绘制二维装配图时思路清晰不容易出错。在设计过程中需考虑到模具在机械加工方面的制造工艺，还有就是在制造完成后模具使用的安全设备维修的方便跟换宜受损部分的简便，这都是在设计过程不可缺少的。 关键词：注塑模具；圆盖；模架；分型面；顶出机构 Abstract Today,with the developme
nt of scie
nce a
nd tech
nology,i
njectio
n mold plays a sig
nifica
nt role i
n the productio
n of machi
nery,equipme
nt a
nd supplies.Si
nce the creatio
n of the mould,the mould desig
n a
nd ma
nufacture have also made co
nti
nuous progress a
nd i
n
novatio
n.I
n the past,the assemblydrawi
ngswere draw
n byha
nd.Now,the adva
nced tech
nologyo
nly
needs computer to drawthe drawi
ngs,
not o
nlytwo-dime
nsio
nal assemblydrawi
ngs but also three-dime
nsio
nal drawi
ngs. The refere
nce part of this desig
n is to take the rou
nd cover as the desig
n task.The product is smooth a
nd simple i
n appeara
nce,a
nd the product is draw
nwith UG 3D software.I
n the process of drawi
ng,the a
ngle of mould should be take
n i
nto accou
nt to facilitate ejectio
n a
nd demouldi
ng.After drawi
ng,the first mock exam is made of two cavities accordi
ng to the requireme
nts,a
nd the mould surface is calculated,a
nd the
n the parti
ng surface is determi
ned.The selectio
n of parti
ng surface should also take i
nto accou
nt the directio
n of demouldi
ng a
nd the shape of the parts,aswell as the co
nve
nie
nce of machi
ni
ng the core cavitya
nd the u
niform force of the ejectio
n mecha
nism.Accordi
ng to the arra
ngeme
nt of products a
nd the flowshri
nkage of rawmaterials,the feedi
ng port is selected so that the filli
ng surface is free of material shortage.The cooli
ng method is determi
ned accordi
ng to the placeme
nt of the desig
ned products of the mold,ge
nerallyusi
ng the surrou
ndi
ngwater pipe.The ejector mecha
nism usuallyadopts a rou
nd top
needle,whichwill leave a ejectio
n trace.If there is
no ejectio
n trace,the ejector plate ca
n be used to push it out or the machi
ne ha
nd ca
n be used to take it out.The selectio
n method depe
nds o
n the use a
nd appeara
nce requireme
nts of the product.After three-dime
nsio
nal software drawi
ng is completed,two-dime
nsio
nal assemblydrawi
ng a
nd part drawi
ng are draw
n byCAD accordi
ng to the drawi
ng,so that the thi
nki
ng of drawi
ng two-dime
nsio
nal assemblydrawi
ng is clear a
nd
not easyto make mistakes.I
n the desig
n process,it is
necessaryto co
nsider the ma
nufacturi
ng process of the die i
n the aspect of machi
ni
ng,a
nd the co
nve
nie
nce of mai
nte
na
nce a
nd replaceme
nt of the safetyequipme
nt used i
n the die after the completio
n of ma
nufacturi
ng,which are i
ndispe
nsable i
n the desig
n process. Keywords: i
njectio
n mold; rou
nd cover; mold base; parti
ng surface; ejectio
n mecha
nism 目录 摘要I Abstract II 第一章概述1 1.1模具的地位1 1.2模具的发展1 1.3注塑模具的重要性2 1.4课题需要解决的问题3 1.5设计思路3 第二章塑件工艺和材料分析4 2.1塑件结构分析4 2.2塑件的工艺分析4 2.3计算塑件的体积和质量5 2.4分型面的选择6 2.5塑料成型设备的选取6 第三章模具结构方案的确定8 3.1出模数量与型腔布局8 3.2型腔出模数量的校核8 3.3、浇注系统设计9 3.3.1浇注系统9 3.3.2主流道的设计9 3.3.3分流道的设计10 3.3.4浇口的设计11 3.3.5冷料穴的设计11 3.4排气机构的设计12 3.5脱模机构设计12 3.5.1脱模力的计算12 3.5.2推杆强度的校核13 3.6复位机构设计13 3.7模架系统设计13 第四章、成型零件结构设计15 4.1成型零件的设计15 4.2、型腔结构设计15 4.3、型芯结构设计15 4.4成型尺寸计算16 4.4.1型腔成型零件尺寸计算16 4.4.2型芯成型零件尺寸计算17 4.4.3型腔零件的强度刚度校核18 4.5成型零件钢材的选用18 第五章、模具冷却系统设计19 5.1、冷却系统概述19 5.2、冷却水道的计算19 5.2.1求塑料制品在固化时每小时释放的热量Q 19 5.2.2水的体积流量20 5.2.3求冷却水道直径d 20 第六章注塑机的选择与校核21 6.1注塑机的工作原理21 6.2注塑机注射容量的校核21 6.3校核压力21 6.4校核模具安装尺寸21 6.5校核移模行程22 6.6校核注塑机锁模力22 第七章抽芯机构的设计23 7.1抽芯机构的概述23 7.2斜顶抽芯机构的计算23 第八章、绘制模具总装图25 总结26 致谢27 参考文献28