机械5

摘要 塑料注射模是成型塑料的一种重要工艺。通过对套筒注射模具设计,能够基本地、全面地了解注射模具设计的基本原则、方法。在模具结构设计过程中，我大胆尝试提出各种不一样的成型的方案，并与老师探讨对方案进行了比较。在比较的过程中，发现大量的问题，也了解模具设计的要求和基本原则，最后在查阅大量书籍的帮助下完成没一个数据的选择。对我们平常使用的家用电器的充电器的性能还有工艺都做了简介，另外对PA1010这种材料成型时候的特征也进行了阐述、成型过程、开模过程以及成型后加工工艺。同时，分析了模具结构与计算，掌握如何设计一个完整的模具生产结构。通过本次设计，能较为熟练的使用Auto-CAD、UG等软件进行模具辅助设计,提高自己的计算机绘图能力。本次设计充分地为今后从事模具设计行业打下了扎实的基矗 本次主要设计是对套筒注射模的设计,重点对塑件的成型原理、材料的选用和注射技术进行分析。通过前期指导老师安排的任务，我先对任务书进行了分析了解，并查阅了大量的书籍、手册和文献，对模具有了一定的了解并且清楚自己的所要完成的任务量。进过对PA1010充电器的了解，要满足制品大批量生产、高精度、外形复杂等要求，我首先主要把时间花费在确定所需的模塑成型方案、制品的后加工、分型面的选择、型腔的数目和排列、成型零件的结构等。既然以实际生产为目的，设计就要涵盖了注塑模具的主要系统包括有注射机、浇注系统、排气系统、冷却系统、顶出系统、导向系统等。对于要实际生产的模具，我们考虑的东西还有很多，为此我积极询问我的指导老师关于现实工厂中模具的生产过程及可能遇到的问题。设计时，尝试使用了侧向抽芯机构，增加模具的复杂性以及实用性。在进行设计的时候，对之前注射模具怎么设计的经验也进行了参考，还要注意加工产品有什么具体的要求，设计出来的产品结构不能太复杂、优化各个系统性能，尽最大限度让产品看上去漂亮，用的时候性价比很高，使用时间要长一些，但是在进行加工的时候时间不能长，产生的经济效益要好。 关键词：塑料注射模；套筒；PA塑料；计算机辅助设计：注射机： ABStract Plastic i
njectio
n moldi
ng is a
n importa
nt tech
nologyof plastic moldi
ng.Through the i
njectio
n mold desig
n of the sleeve,the basic pri
nciples a
nd methods of i
njectio
n mold desig
n ca
n be fullyu
nderstood.I
n the process of die structure desig
n,I tryto put forward avarietyof differe
nt form of the program,a
nd comparedwith the teacher to explore the program.I
n the course of the compariso
n,fou
nd a lot of problems,but also to u
ndersta
nd the requireme
nts of the mold desig
n a
nd basic pri
nciples,a
nd fi
nallyi
n the access to a large
number of books to complete the selectio
n of
no data.We usuallyuse the household applia
nces charger performa
nce a
nd process are i
ntroduced,also characteristics o
n the formi
ng of PA1010 materialswere also elaboratio
n,moldi
ng process,moldi
ng process a
nd moldi
ng processi
ng tech
nology.At the same time,a
nalysis of the mold structure a
nd calculatio
n,master howto desig
n a complete mold productio
n structure.Through this desig
n,ca
n be more skilled use of UG,Auto-CAD a
nd other software to carryout mold aided desig
n,improve their computer graphics capabilities.The graduatio
n desig
n for the future to fullye
ngaged i
n the mold desig
n i
ndustryhas laid a solid fou
ndatio
n. The mai
n desig
n is the desig
n of i
njectio
n mold for the sleeve,focusi
ng o
n the formi
ng pri
nciple of plastic parts,material selectio
n a
nd i
njectio
n tech
nologya
nalysis.Through the prelimi
naryguida
nce teacher arra
ngeme
nt task,I first of the task bookwere a
nalysis to u
ndersta
nd,a
nd access to a large
number of books,pamphlets a
nd literature,the mold have certai
n u
ndersta
ndi
ng a
nd are aware of their ow
n to complete the task.I
n the u
ndersta
ndi
ng of PA1010 charger,to meet the requireme
nts of product mass productio
n,high precisio
n,complexshape,such as,first of all,I put time spe
nt i
n determi
ne the moldi
ng scheme,product processi
ng,sub surface selectio
n,the
number a
nd arra
ngeme
nt of the cavity,formi
ng part of the structure.Si
nce taki
ng the actual productio
n as the goal,the desig
n must cover the i
njectio
n mold's mai
n system i
ncludi
ng the i
njectio
n moldi
ng machi
ne,the pouri
ng system,the exhaust system,the cooli
ng system,the ejectio
n system,the guida
nce system a
nd so o
n.For the actual productio
n of the mold,we have a lot of thi
ngs to co
nsider,for this reaso
n I activelyasked myteacher about the realityof the factoryi
n the productio
n process a
nd the possible problems e
ncou
ntered.Desig
n,tryto use the side core pulli
ng mecha
nism,i
ncrease the complexityof the mold a
nd practical.At desig
n time,prior to i
njectio
n mold desig
n experie
ncewas also a refere
nce must payatte
ntio
n to the processed products have a
nyspecific requireme
nts,desig
n of product structure is
not too complicated,optimizatio
n performa
nce of each system,do our utmost to make the product look beautiful,whe
n the price is high,use time is lo
nger,but the processi
ng time is
not lo
ng,produce the eco
nomic be
nefit is better. Keywords: plastic i
njectio
n mold; sleeve; PA plastic; computer aided desig
n; i
njectio
n machi
ne: 目录 摘要2 ABStract 3 引言8 第一章模具概述及零件三维图9 1.1模具概述9 1.2模具设计中面临的难题与设计要求10 第二章塑料制品分析11 2.1明确制品设计要求11 2.2确定下来加工产品需要的数量11 2.3确定材料与材料的性能12 2.3.1确定使用什么材料12 2.3.2材料性能12 2.3.3脱模斜度分析13 2.4塑件尺寸及精度14 2.5产品的体积与质量计算14 2.5.1分析产品的表面质量14 2.5.2零件的体积与质量计算14 第4章注射成型工艺方案及模具结构分析和确定15 4．1、注射成型工艺过程分析[5] 15 4．2浇口种类的确定15 4．3型腔数目的确定16 4．4注射机的选择和校核16 4.4.1注射量的校核16 4.4.2塑件在分型面上的投影面积与锁模力的校核16 4．4．3、模具与注射机安装模具部分相关尺寸校核17 第5章注射模具结构设计19 5．1分型面的设计19 5．2型腔的布局19 5．3浇注系统的设计20 5．3．1浇注系统组成20 5．3．2确定浇注系统的原则20 5．3．3主流道的设计20 5．3．4分流道的设计21 5．3．5浇口的设计22 5．3．6冷料穴的设计22 5．4注射模成型零部件的设计[7] 23 5．4．1成型零部件结构设计23 5．4．2成型零部件工作尺寸的计算24 5.5.1结构工艺分析25 5.5.2装夹方案分析25 5．6排气结构设计25 5．7脱模机构的设计26 5．7．1脱模机构的选用原则26 5．7．2脱模机构类型的选择26 5．7．3推板机构具体设计26 5．9．1温度调节对塑件质量的影响27 5．9．2冷却系统之设计规则28 5．9模架及标准件的选用28 5．9．1模架的选用28 第6章模具材料的选用30 6．1成型零件材料选用30 6．2注射模用钢种30 总结31 第六章结论32 参考文献33