机械5

薄壁套类零件的加工工艺及夹具设计 摘要 夹具是零件加工的夹紧装置，是加工零件的一种必不可少的装置。夹具利用率高，经济性好，对功能组件的使用和数量少。随着零件的尺寸变化，越来越多的夹具被淘汰了，因此，设计一套专用夹具是十分有必要的。在设计专用夹具时要考虑工件的定位方案，工件的夹紧方案和设计夹紧机构，夹具的其他组成部分，夹具的结构形式等。 夹具主要依据零件的加工要求来设计的。夹具应满足零件加工工序的精度要求、加工生产率要求，并保证操作方便、安全及使用寿命和较低的夹具制造成本。本课题设计的题目是薄壁套类零件的加工工艺及夹具设计。其零件是薄壁套类零件，薄壁套类零件是一种很重要也很典型的零件，主要用于连接前后零部件，起到传递运动和动力的作用。本文设计的专用夹具是薄壁套类零件上到部分尺寸在卧式车床上加工。本夹具体是以保证加工精度，生产效率和便于工人操作为宗旨展开的设计。 设计之初我查阅相关数据及国内外关于机床夹具的文献，在看懂零件图的同时对零件的结构和工艺进行分析，明确粗基准和精基准的选择，确定零件的加工余量与毛坯的尺寸、从而确定零件的加工工艺过程、计算各工序的切削用量及工时。最终完成了本次设计所需的夹具。 关键词：夹具、薄壁套类零件、加工工艺、基准 ABSTRACT Clampi
ng device clamps are machi
ned parts,is a
n esse
ntial device machi
ned parts.Fixture utilizatio
n,the eco
nomyis good,a
nd less use of fu
nctio
nal compo
ne
nts a
nd qua
ntities.With the dime
nsio
nal cha
nges of parts,more a
nd more fixtures are elimi
nated,therefore,the desig
n of a special fixture isvery
necessary.I
n the desig
n of special fixtures to co
nsiderwhe
n positio
ni
ng schemeworkpiece clampi
ng scheme a
nd desig
nworkpiece clampi
ng mecha
nism,other compo
ne
nts of the fixture,fixtures a
nd other structural forms. Processi
ng requireme
nts based primarilyo
n the part of the fixture to the desig
n.Fixture shall meet the accuracyrequireme
nts of parts machi
ni
ng processes,machi
ni
ng productivityrequireme
nts,a
nd to e
nsure ease of operatio
n,safetya
nd service life a
nd lower fixture ma
nufacturi
ng costs.This topic is the subject of desig
n process desig
n threaded shaft.Its u
nit is a threaded shaft,the threaded shaft is averyimporta
nt a
ndverytypical of parts,for co
n
necti
ng the fro
nt a
nd rear parts,the motio
n a
nd power tra
nsmissio
n playa role.This desig
n is a special fixture to the threaded portio
n of the shaft i
n the horizo
ntal dime
nsio
n lathe.The specific folder is to e
nsure accuracy,productivitya
nd ease of operatio
n for the purpose ofworkers to start desig
n. Desig
ned from the begi
n
ni
ng I reviewed the releva
nt data a
nd literature o
n jigs a
nd fixtures,a
nd i
n the same time to read parts diagram of the structure a
nd process parts for a
nalysis,clear be
nchmarks a
nd fi
ne be
nchmark crude selectio
n,determi
ne allowa
nces a
nd rough parts size,to determi
ne the parts of the machi
ni
ng process,calculate the amou
nt of cutti
ng a
ndworki
ng hours of each process.The desig
n of the fi
nal completio
n of the required fixture. Keywords: clamp,the clampi
ng mea
ns,the threaded shaft,refere
nce 目录 摘要I ABSTRACT II 第1章绪论1 1.1机床夹具的概述1 1.2机床夹具的组成及分类1 1.2.1机床夹具的组成1 1.2.2机床夹具的分类2 1.3机床夹具的发展方向2 1.4机床夹具在机械加工中的作用3 1.5夹具设计的特点和基本要求4 1.5.1夹具设计的特点4 1.5.2设计的基本要求4 第2章薄壁套类零件的工艺分析5 2.1零件的作用5 2.2零件的工艺分析5 2.3零件生产类型的确定5 2.4零件材料及制造方式的确定6 2.5基准的选择6 2.6确定加工方法7 2.7确定加工方案7 2.8机械加工刀具的选择8 2.9机械加工余量，工序尺寸及毛坯尺寸的确定8 2.10确定切削用量及基本工时10 第3章专用夹具的设计16 3.1问题的提出16 3.2夹具设计16 3.2.1确定定位方案，选择定位元件16 3.2.2定位基准选择16 3.2.3切削力及夹紧力计算17 3.2.4确定夹紧机构17 3.2.5确定夹具体17 3.2.6确定联接体17 3.2.7误差的分析18 第4章结论19 致谢20 参考文献21