机械5

摘要 随着机电一体化、自动化、人工智能化的大大发展，机械加工的应用也是千变万化，工艺制造的技术也随之改变，本次的课题就是针对指定的某零件对其进行工艺的设计，通过对基本的零件的工艺设计来熟悉某个零件从毛坯制造到最终完成所需要经历的过程，在此熟悉机械加工工艺制造学的基本知识，并也熟悉目前机械制造中常见的数控加工等应用。 本次对零件进行零件图上的分析，包括各表面的加工精度要求，确定好基本的零件的表面精度后，我们来分析具体该如何加工这些表面，然后确定好基本的加工尺寸还有毛坯的余量尺寸等，绘制毛坯和零件图。确定合理的流程后，制定流程卡和工序卡，并进行每个工序的加工参数的计算。然后选择其中的两个主要的工序作为本次的工装夹具的设计任务，从零件的定位、夹紧来开始分析，确定好夹具的基本方案，绘制夹具的装配图和零件图，计算切削力和夹紧力，最后完成设计规范。 关键词：定位、夹紧、夹具设计、工艺工序。 Abstract With the rapid developme
nt of mecha
nical a
nd electrical i
ntegratio
n, automatio
n a
nd artificial i
ntellige
nce, the applicatio
n of machi
ni
ng is also cha
ngi
ng, a
nd the tech
nology of process ma
nufacturi
ng is also cha
ngi
ng. This project is to desig
n the process of a specified part. Through the process desig
n of basic parts, we ca
n get familiar with the process of a part from the rough ma
nufacturi
ng to the fi
nal completio
n Familiar with the basic k
nowledge of machi
ni
ng tech
nology a
nd ma
nufacturi
ng, a
nd also familiar with the commo
n NC machi
ni
ng applicatio
ns i
n the curre
nt mecha
nical ma
nufacturi
ng. This time, we will a
nalyze the part drawi
ng, i
ncludi
ng the machi
ni
ng accuracy requireme
nts of each surface. After determi
ni
ng the surface accuracy of the basic parts, we will a
nalyze how to process these surfaces, a
nd the
n determi
ne the basic machi
ni
ng size a
nd the bla
nk allowa
nce size, a
nd draw the bla
nk a
nd part drawi
ng. After the reaso
nable process is determi
ned, the process card a
nd process card are formulated, a
nd the processi
ng parameters of each process are calculated. The
n select two mai
n processes as the desig
n task of the fixture, start from the positio
ni
ng a
nd clampi
ng of parts, determi
ne the basic scheme of the fixture, draw the assembly drawi
ng a
nd part drawi
ng of the fixture, calculate the cutti
ng force a
nd clampi
ng force, a
nd fi
nally complete the desig
n specificatio
n. Keywords：Positio
ni
ng clampi
ng fixture desig
n process. 目录 摘要2 第一章零件的分析4 1.1零件的作用4 1.2零件的工艺分析4 1.3确定零件的生产类型5 第二章确定毛坯类型绘制毛坯简图6 2.1选择毛坯6 2.2确定毛坯的尺寸公差和机械加工余量6 2.3绘制毛坯图6 第三章工艺规程设计7 3.1定位基准的选择7 3.2拟定工艺路线7 3.3加工设备及工艺装备的选用9 3.4加工余量，工序尺寸及公差的确定9 3.5切削用量的计算9 第四章机床夹具的定位及夹紧14 4.1基准及其分类14 4.2工件的定位15 4.2.1工件定位的基本原理15 4.2.2常见定位方式及定位元件15 4.3工件的夹紧16 4.3.1夹紧装置的组成及基本要求16 4.3.2夹紧力的确定16 4.3.3典型夹紧结构17 4.3.4定心夹紧机构17 4.4专用夹具设计17 4.4.1对机床专用夹具的基本要求17 4.4.2专用夹具设计方法和步骤18 4.4.3夹具总图技术要求的制订18 第五章夹具设计20 5.1夹具设计任务20 5.2拟定夹具定位方案20 5.3绘制夹具装配图20 5.4定位误差分析22 5.5切削力和夹紧力计算22 5.6夹具设计及操作的简要说明23 总结24 致谢25 参考文献26