机械5

摘要 随着城市化步伐的加快，道路的迅速增加，对环保要求的日益提高，导致城市对高压清洗车的需求日益增长。开发具有自主知识产权的高压清洗车也就成了我国城市环卫事业中的重要课题，而且对提高我国专用车的设计水平，带动我国环卫车辆的自主设计开发具有重要意义。北京一些大城市更是迈向国际化大都市的步伐，对城市环境质量要有更高的要求，因此，高压清洗车作为清洁城市的“卫士”应该是当前最具发展前景的专用汽车品种之一。 文中通过大量调研，改装了一种以二类底盘为基础，额定载质量为3.5t的高压清洗汽车。文中主要进行了由水罐、水罐的内部结构、及二类底盘装置的选型和设计。对高压水泵、液压泵、液压缸的选型计算。最后，对改装完成后的高压清洗车进行了必要的动力性、燃油经济性和稳定性等主要整车性能的计算分析，计算结果表明整车性能满足要求。 关键词：汽车；底盘；水泵；液压泵；液压缸 Abstract With acceelerated of urba
nizatio
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nce. Keyword: Automobile; Chassis; Water pump; Hydraulic pump;Hydraulic cyli
nder 目录 摘要I Abstract II 绪论- 1 - 1.1课题研究前景- 1 - 1.2课题研究现状- 1 - 1.3课题研究目的和意义- 3 - 1.4设计的主要内容- 3 - 第2章高压清洗车总体设计- 4 - 2.1总体设计方案分析- 4 - 2.2质量参数的确定- 4 - 2.2.1整车整备质量- 4 - 2.2.2装载质量- 5 - 2.2.3汽车总质量- 5 - 2.3高压清洗车底盘的选型- 5 - 2.4罐体支撑座的设计- 7 - 2.4.1支撑座校核计算- 7 - 2.4.2副车架的前端形状及安装位置- 9 - 2.4.3罐体支撑座的固定装置- 10 - 第3章水路系统的设计计算- 11 - 3.1水罐的设计及计算- 11 - 3.1.1罐体选材- 11 - 3.1.2罐体设计要求- 11 - 3.1.3罐体容积的确定- 11 - 3.1.4壁厚计算校核- 12 - 3.2水泵的选型计算- 14 - 3.3取力装置的分析计算- 16 - 3.4液压阀的选取- 17 - 3.4.1方向控制阀的选取- 18 - 3.4.2溢流阀的选取- 18 - 3.5水路计算- 18 - 3.5.1水路压力损失分析- 18 - 3.5.2水路压力损失计算- 19 - 第4章液压系统的选型计算- 21 - 4.1确定液压系统主要参数- 21 - 4.1.1初选系统压力- 21 - 4.1.2确定液压缸尺寸- 22 - 4.2选择调速方式及油路循环方式- 23 - 4.2.1调速方式的选择- 23 - 4.2.2油路循环方式的选择- 23 - 4.3液压元件的选择- 24 - 4.3.1液压缸的选取- 24 - 4.3.2液压泵的选取- 24 - 4.3.3液压辅件的选择- 27 - 4.4管道的选择- 27 - 4.4.1管道内经的确定- 27 - 4.4.2管道的确定- 28 - 4.5确定油箱的容量- 28 - 第5章高压清洗车基本性能参数计算- 29 - 5.1动力性计算- 29 - 5.1.1发动机外特性- 29 - 5.1.2汽车的行驶方程式- 31 - 5.1.3动力性评价指标的计算- 34 - 5.2燃油经济性计算- 38 - 5.3高压清洗车稳定性计算- 39 - 结论- 42 - 参考文献- 43 - 致谢- 44 -