机械5

农用履带车阻尼加长杆的设计 摘要 对于果农而言，果树栽培过程中喷药是十分重要的环节，农药喷洒到不到位，病虫害防治的彻不彻底，直接关系着果树的产量。果树园喷洒农药,可以防治病、害虫、杂草,又可以促进果树的生长与发育，提升果树的产量和品质。然而无论是高压喷雾枪，还是风送式迷雾机，都需要果农手持着喷洒，一方面给果农的身体健康造成不利影响，另一方面农药的喷洒也十分不均匀，这显然已经满足不了农业发展的需求。 新兴的植保坦克因具有喷洒范围广、喷洒效率高、防治效果好、省水省药、能够遥控控制实现人和药物的分离，提高作业的安全性等优点，受到广大果农青睐。目前市面上主流的农用履带车喷洒果树效果虽胜于植保无人机，但是由于车体较低，对于较高、较茂密的果树树冠依然是难以喷洒到农药的。因此设计了一款农用履带车阻尼加长杆，这对于果园植保有着非常重要的意义。 本文旨在设计一款可以轻松避过较粗枝丫障碍、保护喷头、高度可调的农用履带车阻尼加长杆，通过气弹簧实现当阻尼杆遇到障碍可顺势倒下且会自动复位的功能，通过利用角钢背部空隙来保护喷头，通过螺柱与螺母可拆卸的特点，用螺栓连接两杆实现杆的高度可调节功能，以上设计有利于增加药物的喷洒范围，以适应与行间距较小、枝叶较茂密、前进过程中会有果树枝丫阻碍前行的非标准化果园，提高目前市面上主流农用履带车的喷洒范围，使得果园果树的受药更加均匀且全面。 关键词：杆；阻尼；农用履带车； 外文摘要 Desig
n of dampi
ng exte
nsio
n rod for agricultural tracked vehicle Abstract For fruit farmers, sprayi
ng is a very importa
nt li
nk i
n the process of fruit cultivatio
n, pesticide sprayi
ng is
not i
n place, disease a
nd i
nsect pest co
ntrol is
not thorough, directly related to the yield of fruit trees. Fruit garde
n sprayi
ng pesticide, ca
n preve
nt a
nd co
ntrol diseases, pests, weeds, a
nd ca
n promote the growth a
nd developme
nt of fruit trees, improve the yield a
nd quality of fruit trees. However, both the high pressure spray gu
n a
nd the wi
nd mist machi
ne
need to be held by the fruit growers to spray. O
n the o
ne ha
nd, it causes adverse effects o
n the health of the fruit growers. O
n the other ha
nd, the pesticide sprayi
ng is also very u
neve
n, which obviously ca
n
not meet the
needs of agricultural developme
nt. The
new pla
nt protectio
n ta
nk is favored by the majority of fruit farmers because of its adva
ntages such as wide sprayi
ng ra
nge, high sprayi
ng efficie
ncy, good preve
ntio
n a
nd co
ntrol effect, water a
nd medici
ne savi
ng, remote co
ntrol to realize the separatio
n of huma
n a
nd medici
ne, a
nd improve the safety of operatio
n. At prese
nt, the mai
nstream agricultural tracked vehicle sprayi
ng fruit trees is better tha
n the pla
nt protectio
n UAV i
n the market, but due to the low body of the vehicle, it is still difficult to spray pesticides o
n the taller a
nd more de
nse fruit tree crow
n. Therefore, this paper desig
ned a ki
nd of agricultural crawler dampi
ng le
ngthe
ned rod, which has very importa
nt sig
nifica
nce for orchard pla
nt protectio
n. The purpose of this paper is to desig
n a thicker bra
nches ca
n be easily evaded barrier, protect the
nozzle, height adjustable dampi
ng exte
nsio
n rod, agricultural caterpillar vehicles by gas spri
ng rod e
ncou
nter obstacles will fall co
nve
nie
ntly a
nd automatically reset fu
nctio
n, through the use of space A
ngle of the back to protect the
nozzle, through the characteristics of stud a
nd
nut removable, bolti
ng two pole achieve pole height adjustable fu
nctio
n, The above desig
n is co
nducive to i
ncreasi
ng the sprayi
ng ra
nge of drugs, so as to adapt to the
no
n-sta
ndardized orchards with small row spaci
ng, thick bra
nches a
nd leaves, a
nd fruit tree bra
nches impedi
ng the progress of the process, improve the sprayi
ng ra
nge of the mai
nstream agricultural crawler o
n the market at prese
nt, a
nd make the orchard a
nd fruit trees receive more u
niform a
nd comprehe
nsive drug. Keywords: Rod; Dampi
ng; Agricultural crawler vehicle 目录 1绪论1 1.1课题研究的意义1 1.2国内外研究现状1 1.2.1国外研究现状1 1.2.2国内研究现状2 1.3课题研究的目标和内容2 2农用履带车阻尼加长杆的三维建模3 3农用履带车阻尼加长杆总体设计6 3.1气弹簧的概念与分类7 3.1.1气弹簧的概念7 3.1.2气弹簧的分类7 3.2所选用气弹簧类型8 3.2.1气弹簧安装尺寸确定8 3.2.2气弹簧工作行程确定9 3.2.3气弹簧支撑力确定9 3.2.4气弹簧连接方式11 3.3阻尼加长杆的工作原理13 3.4农用履带车阻尼加长杆的构成14 3.5阻尼加长杆底座的设计14 3.6阻尼加长杆顶部过渡段的设计16 3.7阻尼加长杆下半部分U型架的设计20 4本次设计配件选择20 4.1螺母与螺栓的选择20 4.2其他零件选择设计21 5农用履带车阻尼加长杆的材料的选择22 5.1金属材料的选用原则22 5.2本次设计所选材料22 6农用履带车阻尼加长杆的安装23 7结论26 参考文献28 致谢29