压缩机是一种压缩气体提高气体压力或者输送气体的机器。在国民经济中应用非常广泛,在化肥生产工业中,是主要设备之一,特别是氮肥厂更是决定氮肥厂的经济效益和社会效益的关键设备之一,它的利用效率的高低直接决定着工厂的生产效率。县级氮肥厂的压缩机基本是循环压缩机,然而生产能力各不相同,由生产厂家定型生产的产品氮氢循环压缩机在具体氮肥厂家却不能与其他生产设备相匹配,这样势必造成许多压缩机不能在额定参数下运行,能耗增加,效率低下,缺乏市场竞争力,许多厂家长期处在亏损状态。本课题就是对此具体生产情况进行研究,根据厂家工厂里的实际生产排气量和生产压力等条件,对压缩机进行热力分析和动力分析。计算出合理的功率需求,选择合适的电动机,分析连杆—曲轴机构的运动规律、受力情况以及对压缩机的动力性能的影响进行压缩机的总体结构设计和零部件的设计将效率低的原压缩机进行改造设计成系统效率高的压缩机,以实现节约能源、降低成本,和提高产品的市场竞争力的目标。
目录
前言
目录1
摘要3
Abstract 4
第一章概述5
1.1国内外概述5
1.2研究的目的和意义5
1.3研究内容5
1.4理论基础5
1.4.1热力计算5
1.4.2动力学基础6
第二章热力分析9
2.1已知数据9
2.2热力计算9
2.2.1方案图9
2.2.2热力计算9
2.3电机的选取15
2.3.1功率的计算15
2.3.2电机选择16
第三章动力分析17
3.1重要参数17
3.2活塞的往复运动分析17
3.2.1综合活塞力17
3.2.2切向力计算30
3.3压缩机转矩的不均衡与飞轮矩32
第4章气缸部件设计34
4.1气缸的设计34
4.1.1气缸主要尺寸的确定34
4.2气缸其他部件的设计35
4.2.1气缸套的设计35
4.2.2气阀的设计35
4.2.3填料的设计39
4.2.4活塞环设计40
第5章基础部分设计42
5.1机体的设计42
5.1.1机体的主要尺寸的确定42
5.1.2机体结构设计43
5.2曲轴结构的设计45
5.3连杆设计47
5.4十字头的设计48
结束语50
致谢51
参考文献52
附录54
摘要
县级氮肥厂的生产能力各不相同,由生产厂家定型生产的氮氢循环压缩机在具体氮肥厂家中却不能与其他生产设备相匹配,造成许多压缩机不能在额定参数下运行,效率低下,能耗增加,市场竞争力低下,许多厂家长期处在亏损状态。根据目前这一状况,由厂家的实际生产条件,对压缩机进行热力分析和动力分析。计算出合理的功率需求,选择合适的电动机,分析连杆—曲轴机构的运动规律、受力情况以及对压缩机的动力性能的影响进行压缩机的总体结构设计和零部件的设计将效率低的原压缩机进行改造设计成系统效率高的压缩机。通过改造,来实现节约能源、降低成本,和提高产品的市场竞争力的目的。
关键词热力计算动力分析
Abstract
The productio
n capacity at the cou
nty level varia
nce each are
not ide
ntical, the ma
nufacturer to fi
nalize the desig
n of hydroge
n productio
n
nitroge
n cycle i
n specific compressor varia
nce with other home but could
not match the productio
n equipme
nt, caused ma
ny compressor ca
n't rated parameters i
n the operatio
n, the efficie
ncy is low, the i
ncreased e
nergy co
nsumptio
n, low power market, ma
ny ma
nufacturers i
n state lo
ng-term losses. Now accordi
ng to the situatio
n, the actual productio
n co
nditio
n by ma
nufacturers of thermal a
nalysis a
nd the compressor dy
namic a
nalysis. Calculate reaso
nable power
needs, choose the right motor, a
nalysis of the cra
nkshaft co
n
necti
ng rod-the motio
n law of the i
nstitutio
n, the force of the dy
namic properties of compressor a
nd the i
nflue
nce of the ge
neral structure of the compressor desig
n a
nd parts desig
n the low efficie
ncy will be the retrofit desig
n of the compressor i
nto the efficie
ncy of the system of high compressor. Through tra
nsformi
ng, to realize the e
nergy savi
ng, reduce the cost a
nd improve the purpose of the market competitive
ness of products.
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n capacity at the cou
nty level varia
nce each are
not ide
ntical, the ma
nufacturer to fi
nalize the desig
n of hydroge
n productio
n
nitroge
n cycle i
n specific compressor varia
nce with other home but could
not match the productio
n equipme
nt, caused ma
ny compressor ca
n't rated parameters i
n the operatio
n, the efficie
ncy is low, the i
ncreased e
nergy co
nsumptio
n, low power market, ma
ny ma
nufacturers i
n state lo
ng-term losses. Now accordi
ng to the situatio
n, the actual productio
n co
nditio
n by ma
nufacturers of thermal a
nalysis a
nd the compressor dy
namic a
nalysis. Calculate reaso
nable power
needs, choose the right motor, a
nalysis of the cra
nkshaft co
n
necti
ng rod-the motio
n law of the i
nstitutio
n, the force of the dy
namic properties of compressor a
nd the i
nflue
nce of the ge
neral structure of the compressor desig
n a
nd parts desig
n the low efficie
ncy will be the retrofit desig
n of the compressor i
nto the efficie
ncy of the system of high compressor. Through tra
nsformi
ng, to realize the e
nergy savi
ng, reduce the cost a
nd improve the purpose of the market competitive
ness of products.
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