机械5

自走式的大型喷灌机械机主要用于浇灌,采用压力缸压力方式，驱动雾体由喷头喷出。整机由车支架、压力缸、储喷灌桶、喷头、电路系统及传动部件等组件组成。喷灌由压力缸供气，促使喷灌在高压作用下向喷管涌出，最后由喷头喷出，达到喷灌效果。根据课题的进展情况，拟完成以下的内容： （1）分析自走式喷灌机械所需的数值，计算所需数据。 （2）喷灌部分设计。 （3）传动部件设计。 （4）绘制其余部件的图纸。 关键词喷灌机械；传动部件；节水 Abstract Water is the most valuable resource i
n the world today. Therefore, how to e
nsure the developme
nt of agricultural productio
n o
n the basis of savi
ng irrigatio
n water has become a
n importa
nt subject of irrigatio
n tech
nology reform. Compared with other methods of irrigatio
n, spri
nkler irrigatio
n with water savi
ng, labor savi
ng, la
nd savi
ng, i
ncrease output a
nd quality, soil a
nd water co
nservatio
n, stro
ng adaptability a
nd accordi
ng to crop water dema
nd timely a
nd appropriate irrigatio
n a
nd other adva
ntages, co
nve
nie
nt mecha
nizatio
n automatio
n co
ntrol, improve the utilizatio
n rate of water, i
ncrease crop yield. Self propelled large spri
nkler irrigatio
n machi
nery is mai
nly used for irrigatio
n, the pressure cyli
nder pressure, the drivi
ng mist from the spray
nozzle. The whole machi
ne is composed of a vehicle support, a pressure cyli
nder, a water storage barrel, a spray head, a circuit system a
nd a tra
nsmissio
n compo
ne
nt. The spri
nkler irrigatio
n is supplied by the pressure cyli
nder, which urges the spri
nkli
ng irrigatio
n to gush out u
nder the high pressure, a
nd fi
nally, the sprayi
ng
nozzle is sprayed out to reach the effect of spri
nkli
ng irrigatio
n. Accordi
ng to the progress of the subject, the followi
ng co
nte
nts are i
nte
nded to be completed: (1) to a
nalyze the
numerical value of the self propelled spri
nkler irrigatio
n machi
nery, a
nd to calculate the required data. (2) the desig
n of spri
nkler irrigatio
n system. (3) tra
nsmissio
n parts desig
n. (4) drawi
ng the rest of the parts. Key words: spri
nkler irrigatio
n machi
nery tra
nsmissio
n parts water savi
ng 目录 摘要I Abstract II 1绪论1 1.1研究背景1 1.2自走式喷灌机械1 1.3课题的背景和选题意义2 1.4课题的研究内容2 1.5研究技术路线分析3 2总体方案设计4 2.1技术要求4 2.1.1产品结构与工作原理4 2.1.2产品的安装与调试4 2.1.3使用与操作4 2.1.4电机的维护以保养5 2.2.总体方案设计5 3传动装置的总体设计6 3.1电动机的选用6 3.2主要工作部件设计计算6 3.3计算传动装置的运动和动力参数6 3.4传动比的分配7 4传动零件的设计8 4.1选择联轴器的类型和型号8 4.2减速器内传动零件的设计8 4.2.1蜗轮蜗杆传动设计计算（第1级） 8 4.2.2蜗杆传动低速级设计11 5压力缸机体、轴与储水桶的设计14 5.2轴的机构设计15 5.2.1拟定轴上零件的装配方案15 5.2.2轴上零件的定位15 5.2.3轴的直径与轴段长度的确定15 5.2.4轴扭转强度和刚度的校核15 5.3储水桶的设计16 5.3.2储水桶的安装16 6压力缸工作原理18 6.1吸气孔口18 6.2轴向吸气孔口18 7压力缸主要系数计算19 7.1旋转系数19 7.1.1旋转系数19 7.1.2内压力比20 7.2轴压缩量及绝热效率20 7.2.1轴压缩量20 7.2.2绝热效率21 7.2.3绝热指示效率21 8自走式大型喷灌机械传动结构方式及选择22 8.1、传动设计及其选择22 9常见故障及排除方法25 结论26 致谢27 参考文献28 1绪论 1.1研究背景 农业的命脉来来自于水资源，水也是我国国民经济和社会发展的重要资源。随着社会经济持续行的开发，全求都将要面对水资源缺少的影响，我国农业需水量约占全国需水量的73%，远远超过发达国家50%的水平，需水量短缺及水土资源布置不均大大阻碍了那样的可持续发展，我国21世纪农业发展所面临的需水困难，将比什么时候都要严重，华北平原降水稀少，水分散发量严重，因为降水和河流径流量的季节变化差距大，水资源布置严重不均匀。