某7层大酒店中央空调系统设计
设计总说明 随着国家经济水平的不断提高,人们逐渐认识到建筑环境对人类的健康、工作效率以及产品质量的好坏起着非常重要的作用。人们对当今建筑的要求,不满足于遮风挡雨,还要有一个温湿度适宜、舒适宁静、空气清新的环境。因此空气调节技术经过不断的改进和革新,已慢慢发展成为人们生活中用来维持室内良好环境的一种不可或缺的技术。对空气温湿度、风速度以及清洁程度进行人工的调节,进行系统的空调设计,以此满足人体舒适性的要求,提高人们的工作效率。 本设计的主要依据有:《民用建筑供暖通风与空气调节设计规范》(GB50736-2012)、《建筑设计防火规范》(GB50016-2014)、《公共建筑节能设计标准》(GB50189-2015)等。 某7层大酒店是一家集餐饮、办公、休闲娱乐和住宿等为一体的多功能商业建筑。建筑共七层,一至五层层高均为4m,六层和七层层高均为3.5m,总高度27m。建筑总面积为12527.1m,其中空调区域的面积为7842m2。空调房间类型主要有接待大厅、商务中心、酒吧、KTV房、餐厅、保龄球厅、办公室、客房以及洗浴中心等。使用鸿业负荷计算8.0软件对该建筑空调房间进行负荷计算,夏季总冷负荷最大值为981.6kW,出现时间为17:00,空调面积冷指标为126.0W/m2,新风总冷负荷为374.1kW。由于各功能房间使用时间不统一,从满足顾客舒适度和空调节能角度出发,选用风机盘管加新风系统,各房间可独立控制系统的开启和关闭。在接待大厅、酒吧、桌球中心等大面积房间采用新风与风机盘管送风相独立的送风方式;在KTV房、餐厅包房、办公室以及客房等小面积房间采用新风与风机盘管送风相混合的送风方式。考虑到装修要求,风机盘管选用开利卧式暗装42系列,新风机组选用开利吊顶式DBFPX系列。风机盘管进出水管均安装阀门,以方便之后的维修保养需要。新风机组的选型满足所需的风量、冷量以及余压需求。一至五层每层均设置2台新风机组,六层和七层各设置1台。吸风口处装有防雨百叶,风管采用软连接,并安装防火阀。可利用半吊顶的房间,如客房,采用侧送风方式,侧送风口选用双层百叶形式;其他房间均采用散流器送风方式,散流器选用方形散流器;回风口采用单层百叶形式,上送上回。冷冻水系统采用两管制、闭式循环系统,各层水管异程布置,使用调节阀调节平衡。冷水机组设置在屋顶平台,选用联合开利(上海)空调有限公司生产的30GX系列风冷螺杆式冷水机组2台,型号为30GX182,水量118m3/h,压降50kPa,制冷工况下进水12℃,出水7℃。选用湖南潇湘制泵有限公司生产的VGDW50-35型冷冻水泵3台,两用一备,流量35m3/h,扬程26m。设计中采用上海众旗实业有限公司生产的SC600型膨胀水箱定压,同时还起到排气、补水以及为水因温度变化而引起的体积膨胀给予余地的作用。系统运行时产生的冷凝水通过冷凝水管集中排放。另外,本工程还对空调系统的防腐保温以及消声减震等进行了简单的设计。 Ge
neraldesig
n specificatio
n With the co
nsta
nt improveme
nt of the
natio
nal eco
nomic level, people gradually realize the buildi
ng e
nviro
nme
nt o
n huma
n health, work efficie
ncy a
nd product quality plays a very importa
nt role.People of today's co
nstructio
n requireme
nts,
not co
nte
nt with wi
nd a
nd rai
n, must have a suitable temperature a
nd humidity, comfortable a
nd quiet e
nviro
nme
nt, a
nd the air was fresh.So air co
nditio
ni
ng tech
nology through co
nti
nuous improveme
nt a
nd i
n
novatio
n, has gradually developed i
nto people's life is used to mai
ntai
n i
ndoor sou
nd e
nviro
nme
nt i
n a
n i
ndispe
nsable tech
nique.Of air temperature a
nd humidity, wi
nd speed a
nd clea
n degree of ma
nual adjustme
nt, for the air co
nditio
ni
ng system desig
n, to meet the requireme
nts of the huma
n body comfort, e
nha
nce people's work efficie
ncy. The mai
n basis of this desig
n are:“the civil buildi
ng heati
ng ve
ntilatio
n a
nd air co
nditio
ni
ng desig
n sta
ndard (GB50736-2012)”,“the code for fire protectio
n desig
n of buildi
ngs (GB50016-2014)”,“public buildi
ng e
nergy efficie
ncy desig
n sta
ndard (GB50189-2015)”, etc. Ha
ngzhou Xia
ngyu
n Hotel is a restaura
nt,office, leisure, e
ntertai
nme
nt a
nd accommodatio
n for the i
ntegratio
n of multi-fu
nctio
nal commercial buildi
ng, etc.Buildi
ng a total of seve
n layers, o
ne to five layers are 4 m high, six a
nd seve
n layers of high of 3.5 m, total height 27 m.A total co
nstructio
n area of 12527.1 m2, i
ncludi
ng air co
nditio
ni
ng area covers a
n area of 7842 m2.Air co
nditio
ni
ng room types mai
nly i
nclude the receptio
n hall, busi
ness ce
nter, bars, KTV rooms, restaura
nts, bowli
ng room, office, room, a
nd bath ce
nter, etc.Load calculatio
n usi
ng ho
ngye 8.0 software room i
n the buildi
ng air-co
nditio
ni
ng system load calculatio
n, the total cooli
ng load i
n summer a maximum of 981.6 kW, i
n time to 17:00, air co
nditio
ni
ng cold area is 126.0 W/m2, total fresh air cooli
ng load is 374.1 kW.Use time as a result of each fu
nctio
n room, from the A
ngle of the meet customer comfort a
nd e
nergy savi
ng, selects fa
n-coil u
nit plus fresh air system, each room ca
n be i
ndepe
nde
nt co
ntrol system of the ope
n a
nd closed.I
n the ce
nter of the receptio
n hall, bar, billiards room large area such as the fresh air a
nd fa
n coil u
nits are i
ndepe
nde
nt of air supply mode of air supply;I
n the KTV rooms, di
ni
ng rooms, office a
nd guest room small area room USES air ble
nded with fa
n coil air supply mode of air distributio
n.Co
nsider to decorate a requireme
nt, fa
n coil u
nits chose
n carrier horizo
ntal dark outfit 42 series, fresh air u
nit selects the carrier co
ndole DBFPX series.Fa
n coil u
nits i
n a
nd out of the water pipes are i
nstalled valves, i
n order to co
nve
nie
nt after mai
nte
na
nce
needs.Fresh air u
nit selectio
n to meet the required amou
nt of wi
nd, cold, a
nd residual pressure requireme
nts.O
ne to five layer o
n each floor are set with 2 fresh air u
nits, six a
nd seve
n layers each set 1.Suctio
n Fe
ngKouChu with rai
nproof shutter, duct usi
ng soft co
n
nectio
n, a
nd i
nstall the fire damper.Half a ceili
ng of room available, such as guest room, use air supply side, side air supply outlet choose double shutter form;Other rooms adopt i
nverter air supply way, scattered i
nverter to choose square diffuser;Retur
n air mouth i
n the form of si
ngle louvers, givi
ng last time.Chilled water system USES two co
ntrol, closed loop system, the layers of the pipe process arra
ngeme
nt, usi
ng the regulator to adjust bala
nce.Chiller setti
ng o
n the roof platform, choose joi
nt carrier air co
nditio
ni
ng co., LTD. (Sha
nghai) 30GX series 2 u
nits, air-cooled screw water chillers models for 30GX182, 118 m3/h, 50 kPa pressure drop, cooli
ng water i
n 12 ℃, u
nder the co
nditio
n of water 7 ℃.Choose Hu
na
n Xiaoxia
ng system pump co., LTD productio
n VGDW50-35 three type of froze
n water pump, a
nd a case, the flow of 35 m3/h, head of 26 m.Produced by Sha
nghai i
ndustrial co., LTD. The flag i
n the desig
n of co
nsta
nt pressure type SC600 expa
nsio
n ta
nk, at the same time also have exhaust, filli
ng water as well as the water volume expa
nsio
n caused by temperature cha
nge a
nd give room for actio
n.The system is ru
n
ni
ng the discharge of co
nde
nsate by co
nde
nsed water pipe co
nce
ntratio
n.I
n additio
n, I also for the i
nsulatio
n of air co
nditio
ni
ng system, a
nd shock absorptio
n a
nd so o
n has carried o
n the simple desig
n. 目录 0绪论1 1工程概述与设计依据2 1.2设计依据2 1.2.1围护结构及热工特性2 1.2.2围护结构的做法3 1.2.3空调室外设计参数4 1.2.4空调室内设计参数5 2负荷计算7 2.1夏季冷负荷的组成7 2.2负荷计算过程和结果汇总7 2.2.1冷负荷系数法计算负荷的过程7 2.2.2各层房间冷负荷计算及汇总14 2.2.3各层房间湿负荷计算及汇总14 3空调方案的确定17 3.1空调系统的确定17 3.1.1风机盘管加独立新风方式的确定17 3.1.2风机盘管加独立新风方式的特点17 3.2空气处理过程设计17 3.2.1风机盘管加独立新风系统设计计算17 3.2.2风机盘管选型19 4风系统的设计21 4.1风管材料和形状的确定21 4.2选择送风方式和送风口形式21 4.3气流组织设计21 4.3.1散流器顶送气流组织的设计计算21 4.3.2侧送风气流组织的设计计算22 4.3.3风机盘管加独立新风系统风口选型汇总24 4.4风管设计28 4.4.1风道水力计算步骤28 4.4.2风机盘管加新风系统的新风管道水力计算28 4.4.3新风机组的选型37 5水系统的设计39 5.1水系统方案的确定39 5.1.1两管制水系统的特点39 5.1.2开式和闭式循环系统的比较39 5.1.3同程和异程系统的比较39 5.1.4水系统方案的确定39 5.2冷冻水管路设计计算步骤40 5.3冷冻水供回水管的水力计算40 5.4冷水机组的选型43 5.5冷冻水泵的选型45 5.5.1冷冻水泵设计规范45 5.5.2冷冻水泵的选型计算45 5.6冷凝水排放系统设计46 5.7膨胀水箱选择与计算47 6管道保温设计的考虑48 6.1管道保温的一般原则49 6.2管道保温层厚度的确定49 7空调系统消声减振的设计方案50 7.1空调系统的消声设计50 7.2空调系统的减振设计50 结论51 致谢52 参考文献53 附录A 54 附录B 55 附录C 60 0绪论 建筑是人们生活和工作的场所,建筑环境在人们的生活、工作效率和产品质量中起着非常重要的作用。同时,由于城市化工业化进程多年来的不断加深,能源的大量开采和不合理的利用,致使能源紧缺的问题愈发严重。为了响应国家节能减排的号召,设计良好的与低能耗运行的中央空调系统已成为普遍的需求,对减少经济上的开支、保护地球的生态环境具有着极其重要的意义。 设计是把专业理论知识应用于实践工程的绝佳的锻炼机会。在设计中不光要求我们熟练掌握暖通空调专业相关的基础知识,还要了解和掌握国家出台的相关建设方针政策,综合运用学到的理论知识,联系实际来解决工程设计的问题。通过设计,明确设计程序,设计内容以及各个设计阶段的目的要求和各项工作之间的必要配合。 某7层大酒店中央空调系统设计,该建筑总建筑面积达12527.1平方米,总高度27米,共7层。是一栋以住宿为主,功能多样化的高层建筑。设计的主要目的是满足建筑物所需要的温湿度以及新鲜空气要求的设计,即常见的舒适型空调设计。但这次设计的任务还是挺有难度的的,与之前的课程设计相比,无论是从建筑面积、还是建筑高度来讲,这都是一次全新的挑战,全面综合地考验了我的专业能力。 通过这次设计,我可以更为有效地运用暖通专业知识,将知识与实践相结合,在设计中发现问题、解决问题,获得一定的空调系统设计能力,为以后学习和工作打下良好的基础。 由于本人经验不足,水平有限,在设计过程中难免会出现一些错误,恳请各位老师指正。
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