摘要 液压叉车的自动化程度越高，施工中所需要的劳动力就会越来越少，生产效率会大大提高。随着经济的增长和科学技术的进步，液压叉车在工业生产和物料领域有了更加广泛的应用。因此液压叉车工程装置的研究和优化是一项非常重要的工作，在此工业需求和研究背景下，设计一种结构简单、控制方便、经济耐用的液压叉车工作装置具有很重要的应用价值和研究意义，本课题最终设计的液压叉车工作装置主要包括车体、倾斜液压缸、门架、升降液压缸、倾斜液压缸等主要结构，其运行效率高，结构稳定，所占空间较小，经济效益大。 本课题在研究过程中，设计了液压叉车工作装置的整体方案，包括列举研究主要内容、主要设计参数和整体方案的设计。还设计了液压叉车工作装置的起升系统和液压叉车的倾斜系统，主要包括液压缸的设计与计算。最后研究了液压叉车工作装置的液压系统，包括起升系统液压回路的设计、倾斜系统液压回路的设计、液压系统工作顺序表的设计和液压系统工作原理的设计，还包括油泵和电机的计算和选取、联轴器的选用、控制阀的选取、回油过滤器的选取、液压管路的设计、液压油箱的设计和液压系统温度验算。 关键词：液压叉车；工作装置；起升液压缸 ABSTRACT The higher the degree of automatio
n of the hydraulic forklift, the less labor required i
n co
nstructio
n, a
nd the productio
n efficie
ncy will be greatly improved. With the growth of the eco
nomy a
nd the adva
nceme
nt of scie
nce a
nd tech
nology, hydraulic forklifts have bee
n more widely used i
n i
ndustrial productio
n a
nd material fields. Therefore, the research a
nd optimizatio
n of hydraulic forklift e
ngi
neeri
ng devices is a very importa
nt work. U
nder this i
ndustrial dema
nd a
nd research backgrou
nd, desig
ni
ng a hydraulic forklift worki
ng device with simple structure, co
nve
nie
nt co
ntrol, eco
nomical a
nd durability has very importa
nt applicatio
n value a
nd research. Mea
ni
ng, the hydraulic forklift worki
ng device fi
nally desig
ned i
n this subject mai
nly i
ncludes mai
n structures such as body, tilti
ng hydraulic cyli
nder, ga
ntry, lifti
ng hydraulic cyli
nder, tilti
ng hydraulic cyli
nder, etc. It has high operati
ng efficie
ncy, stable structure, small space occupatio
n, a
nd eco
nomic be
nefits. big. This topic i
n the research process, the desig
n of the hydraulic forklift worki
ng device of the overall scheme, i
ncludi
ng listi
ng the mai
n co
nte
nt of the study, the mai
n desig
n parameters a
nd the overall scheme of the desig
n. Also desig
ned the hydraulic forklift worki
ng device lifti
ng system a
nd hydraulic forklift tilt system, mai
nly i
ncludi
ng the desig
n a
nd calculatio
n of hydraulic cyli
nder. Fi
nally, the hydraulic system of the worki
ng device of the hydraulic forklift truck is studied, i
ncludi
ng the desig
n of the hydraulic circuit of the lifti
ng system, the desig
n of the hydraulic circuit of the tilt system, the desig
n of the worki
ng order table of the hydraulic system a
nd the desig
n of the worki
ng pri
nciple of the hydraulic system. It also i
ncludes calculatio
n a
nd selectio
n of oil pump a
nd motor, selectio
n of coupli
ng, selectio
n of co
ntrol valve, selectio
n of oil retur
n filter, hydraulic pipeli
ne desig
n, hydraulic ta
nk desig
n a
nd hydraulic system temperature checki
ng. Key words: Hydraulic forklifts；work equipme
nt； lifti
ng cyli
nders 目录 1绪论1 1.1课题背景和意义1 1.2叉车概述1 1.2.1叉车的结构和基本技术1 1.2.2叉车的工作装置2 1.3液压叉车的研究现状3 1.4液压叉车的发展趋势4 2主要设计参数、结构及设计要求7 2.1主要设计参数7 2.2液压叉车工作装置结构7 2.3叉车液压系统的设计要求8 2.4叉车的结构及基本技术指标8 3负载分析10 4起升系统的设计与计算12 4.1起升系统设计12 4.2起升液压缸设计12 4.2.1液压缸内径和活塞杆直径的计算12 4.2.2活塞杆强度校核13 4.2.3液压缸缸体外径的计算13 4.2.4液压缸的强度校核13 5倾斜系统的设计与计算15 5.1倾斜系统设计15 5.2倾斜液压缸设计15 5.2.1液压缸内径和活塞杆直径的计算15 5.2.2活塞杆强度校核16 5.2.3液压缸缸体外径的计算16 5.2.4液压缸的强度校核16 6液压控制系统的设计与计算17 6.1液压系统工作原理17 6.1.1起升系统液压回路的设计17 6.1.2倾斜系统液压回路的设计18 6.1.3液压系统工作顺序表的设计18 6.1.4液压系统工作原理图的设计19 7选择液压元件21 7.1油泵的选择21 7.2电动机的选择22 7.3联轴器的选用23 7.4液压控制阀的选取23 7.5回油过滤器的选择24 7.6液压管路的设计25 7.7液压油箱的设计25 7.8液压系统温度验算25 8总结和展望27 8.1总结27 8.2展望27 致谢29 参考文献30 1绪论 1.1课题背景和意义 液压叉车发展时间短，发展速度快，从1970之后，我国引进三菱，TCM和日产技术，我过的产品系列发展逐渐完善，叉车设计和制造水平有了很大提升[1]。到现今我国叉车整体设计的技术已处于世界前列，但是发动机关键技术和制造水与国际有较大差距