机械5

B690型牛头刨床的液压及控制系统设计 摘要 牛头刨床的应用十分广泛，一般行业包括模具行业、汽车行业，高精尖行业包括航空航天、军事装备等方面。由于我国经济的快速发展，也使牛头刨床等机床持续有较大的需求，同时我国政府提出了2025计划，这也说明在宏观政策下，牛头刨床以及整个机床行业都是大有可为的，虽然我们在向数字化智能化迈进，但在现阶段以及相当长的一段时间内，普通机床例如牛头刨床等仍然会发挥巨大作用。所以对牛头刨床进行深入研究并掌握相关的知识是十分有必要的。 本次设计的主要内容包括三部分内容。第一部分主要是对机械部分的结构及功能的简单介绍以。第二部分是液压系统，B690牛头刨床的传动系统不同于以往的机械传动，采用的是液压传动，用于加工大型零件。它可以实现无极变速，优势明显，在第二部分对液压系统的原理以及主要工作回路进行了分析，并用软件绘制了系统原理图以及调速结构原理图。在第三部分，主要完成的是机电部分的控制，对于机床来说，机械部分以及液压部分相对来说是比较稳定的，所以机床能否运行在最佳状态即取决于电气控制系统的控制方式。而此次采取的PLC控制，能够实现开关逻辑控制和变频电动机的转速控制，在很大程度上可以提高刨床的效率和加工精度，加强刨床的可靠性和稳定性。同时PLC具有可靠性高、功耗低、维修方便成本低等诸多优势，从而可以达到减少投资、降低功耗等目的。 通过此次的设计，不仅对大学四年所学知识进行了总结回顾，而且将自己所学理论和实践相结合，不管是对自己个人能力的提升或者是职业的发展，帮助都是十分巨大的。 关键词：牛头刨床、液压传动、PLC控制 ABSTRACT shaper is widely used, the ge
neral i
ndustry, i
ncludi
ng the mold i
ndustry, the automotive i
ndustry, high-tech i
ndustries, i
ncludi
ng aerospace, military equipme
nt a
nd so o
n. As a result of the rapid developme
nt of Chi
na's eco
nomy, but also to make a small pla
ner a
nd other machi
ne tools co
nti
nue to have a greater dema
nd, while my gover
nme
nt put forward the 2025 pla
n, which also shows that u
nder the macro policy, the pla
ner a
nd the machi
ne tool i
ndustry is promisi
ng, To the digital i
ntellige
nt forward, but at this stage a
nd for a lo
ng period of time, ordi
nary machi
ne tools such as the black pla
ner will still play a huge role. So it is
necessary to thoroughly study a
nd master the releva
nt k
nowledge of the pla
ner. The mai
n co
nte
nts of this desig
n i
nclude three major aspects. The first part is a brief i
ntroductio
n to the structure a
nd fu
nctio
n of the mecha
nical part a
nd the selectio
n of the cutter head of the bulldozer. At the same time, a brief a
nalysis is made o
n the typical parts of the Noah pla
ner. The seco
nd part is the hydraulic system, because the B690 Tau pla
ner tra
nsmissio
n system is differe
nt from the previous mecha
nical tra
nsmissio
n, the use of hydraulic tra
nsmissio
n, so you ca
n achieve stepless speed, obvious adva
ntages, i
n the seco
nd part of the hydraulic system pri
nciple a
nd the mai
n worki
ng circuit A
nalysis, a
nd software used to draw the system schematics a
nd speed structure schematic. I
n the third part, the mai
n part is the co
ntrol of the electromecha
nical part. For the machi
ne, the mecha
nical part a
nd the hydraulic part are relatively stable. Therefore, whether the machi
ne ca
n ru
n i
n the best co
nditio
n depe
nds o
n the co
ntrol mode of the electrical co
ntrol system The The PLC co
ntrol, to achieve the switch logic co
ntrol a
nd i
nverter motor speed co
ntrol, to a large exte
nt ca
n improve the efficie
ncy of pla
ner a
nd machi
ni
ng accuracy, a
nd stre
ngthe
n the stability a
nd stability of pla
ner. At the same time PLC has high reliability, low power co
nsumptio
n, easy mai
nte
na
nce a
nd low cost a
nd ma
ny other adva
ntages, which ca
n reduce i
nvestme
nt, reduce power co
nsumptio
n a
nd other purposes. This is the graduatio
n desig
n of the three mai
n aspects. I believe that this graduatio
n desig
n,
not o
nly the four years of u
niversity k
nowledge of the summary of the review, it is a mea
ni
ngful exploratio
n, it let me lear
n their ow
n theory a
nd practice combi
ned, whether it is their ow
n perso
nal ability Promotio
n or career developme
nt, help is very great Key words : shaper hydraulic system Programmable Logic Co
ntroller 目录 摘要I ABSTRACT II 1绪论1 1.1（设计）工作的背景及研究意义1 1.2国内外发展现状1 1.3的主要工作及章节安排3 2牛头刨床的机械结构4 2.1牛头刨床结构组成4 2.2牛头刨床的传动系统5 2.3牛头刨床的部分典型零件6 3牛头刨床液压系统设计10 3.1液压系统工作原理10 3.2液压系统中的主要液压元器件11 3.3主运动回路工作过程12 3.4此液压系统优缺点分析13 4机电控制系统设计15 4.1设计原理15 4.2电器元件的选择及安装接线图15 4.3PLC控制系统设计17 4.4基于宇龙平台的仿真分析20 5.总结与展望23 5.1总结23 5.2展望23 参考文献24 附录1：外文翻译25 附录2：外文原文30 致谢35