机械5

涡北煤矿1.5Mt/a新井设计 深部巷道锚杆支护技术 摘要 本设计包括三个部分：一般部分、专题部分和翻译部分。 一般部分为涡北煤矿1.50 Mt/a新井设计。涡北煤矿位于安徽省亳州市境内，东有京九铁路，西有濉阜铁路，交通便利。井田走向长度约6.30 km，倾向长度约2.46 km，面积约14.49 km2。主采煤层为8号煤层，平均倾角为18°，平均厚度为10.0 m。井田工业储量为190.806 Mt，可采储量为104.255Mt，矿井服务年限为53.46a。矿井正常涌水量为250 m3/h，最大涌水量为280 m3/h。矿井绝对瓦斯涌出量为21.3 m3/mi
n，属于低瓦斯矿井。 根据井田地质条件，提出四个技术上可行的开拓方案。方案一：立井两水平开拓上山开采，暗斜井延深；方案二：立井两水平开拓上山开采，立井直接延深；方案三：立井两水平开拓上下山开采，暗斜井延深；方案四：立井两水平开拓上下山开采，立井直接延深。通过技术经济比较，最终确定方案一为最优方案。一水平标高-700 m，二水平标高-1000 m。 设计首采区采用采区准备方式，工作面长度160 m，采用综采放顶煤采煤法，矿井年工作日为330 d，工作制度为“三八制”。 大巷采用胶带输送机运煤，辅助运输采用矿车运输。矿井通风方式为中央并列式。 专题部分题目：深部巷道锚杆支护技术。我国国有大中型煤矿开采深度每年约以8~12 m的速度向深部增加，一些老矿区和缺煤矿区相继进入深部开采阶段。由于开采深度的加大，岩体应力急剧增加，地温升高，巷道围岩破碎严重，塑性区、破碎区范围很大，蠕变严重。采用工字钢、架棚等被动支护技术已不能有效的控制巷道的变形，采用高强度全长树脂锚固锚杆锚固力大、锚固及时，能主动地将支撑载荷作用到巷道周边，对围岩施加径向力，加强巷道或硐室周边围岩稳定性，充分发挥围岩的自身承载能力，取得了良好的支护效果。 翻译部分题目：The performa
nce of pressure cells for sprayed co
ncrete tu
n
nel li
ni
ngs。喷射混凝土巷道应力测量仪的性能。 关键词：立井；暗斜井；采区布置；放顶煤采煤法；中央并列式；锚杆支护 ABSTRACT This desig
n ca
n be divided i
nto three sectio
ns: ge
neral desig
n, mo
nographic study a
nd tra
nslatio
n of a
n academic paper. The ge
neral desig
n is about a 1.50 Mt/a
new u
ndergrou
nd mi
ne desig
n of Wobei coal mi
ne. Wobei coal mi
ne lies i
n Hozhou City, A
nhui provi
nce. As Ji
ngjiu railway ru
ns i
n the west of the mi
ne field a
nd Suifu railway ru
ns i
n the east of the mi
ne field, the traffic is co
nve
nie
nt. It’s about 6.30 km o
n the strike a
nd 2.46 km o
n the dip, with the 14.49 km2 total horizo
ntal area. The mi
nable coal seam is 8 with a
n average thick
ness of 10.0 m a
nd a
n average dip of 18°.The proved reserves of this coal mi
ne are 190.806 Mt a
nd the mi
nable reserves are 104.255 Mt, with a mi
ne life of 53.46 a. The
normal mi
ne i
nflow is 250 m3/h a
nd the maximum mi
ne i
nflow is 280 m3/h. The mi
ne gas emissio
n rate is 21.3 m3/mi
n, the mi
ne belo
ngs to low gas mi
ne. Based o
n the geological co
nditio
ns of the mi
ne, I bri
ng forward four available projects i
n tech
nology. The first is vertical shaft developme
nt with two mi
ni
ng levels a
nd the first level at -700m a
nd the seco
nd level at -1000m a
nd exte
nsio
n of bli
nd i
ncli
ned shaft; the seco
nd is vertical shaft developme
nt with two mi
ni
ng levels a
nd the first level at -700m a
nd the seco
nd level at -1000m a
nd exte
nsio
n of vertical shaft; the third is vertical shaft developme
nt with two mi
ni
ng levels a
nd the first level at -700m a
nd the seco
nd level at -850m a
nd exte
nsio
n of bli
nd i
ncli
ned shaft; the last is vertical shaft developme
nt with two mi
ni
ng levels a
nd the first level at -700m a
nd the seco
nd level at -850m a
nd exte
nsio
n of vertical shaft. The first project is the best compari
ng with other three projects i
n tech
nology a
nd eco
nomy. The first level is at -700 m a
nd the seco
nd level is at -1000 m. Desig
ned first mi
ni
ng district makes use of the method of the mi
ni
ng district preparatio
n. The le
ngth of worki
ng face is 160 m, which uses fully-mecha
nized coal cavi
ng mi
ni
ng method. The worki
ng system is “three-eight” which produces 330 d/a. Mai
n roadway makes use of belt co
nveyor to tra
nsport coal resource, a
nd mi
ne car to be assista
nt tra
nsport. The type of mi
ne ve
ntilatio
n system is ce
nter ve
ntilatio
n. The title of mo
nographic study is tech
nology of deep roadway bolt supporti
ng. Chi
na's State-ow
ned large a
nd medium-sized coal mi
ne mi
ni
ng depth of about 8~12 m a year i
ncrease i
n speed to the deep, deficie
ncy i
n some old mi
ni
ng area a
nd e
ntered the stage of deep mi
ni
ng i
n coal mi
ni
ng area. With the mi
ni
ng depth i
ncreasi
ng, the stress i
n rock mass i
ncreases quickly, temperature rises, the rock surrou
ndi
ng roadway breaks seriously a
nd the broke
n plastic area has a large ra
nge a
nd creep seriously. Usi
ng passive support
nurse tech
nology, for example jacked, frame shed a
nd so o
n, has ca
n
not co
ntrol the deformatio
n of roadway effectively. Usi
ng high stre
ngth a
nd full le
ngth resi
n bolt which has large a
nchorage a
nd a
nchorage timely ca
n active to make supporti
ng load to roadway arou
nd, impose radial force to surrou
ndi
ng rock a
nd stre
ngthe
n the stability of roadway or surrou
ndi
ng rock arou
nd chamber room, which ca
n give full play to the hosted ability of surrou
ndi
ng rock a
nd has made a good support
nurse effect. The tra
nslated academic paper is The performa
nce of pressure cells for sprayed co
ncrete tu
n
nel li
ni
ngs. Keywords: Vertical shaft; Bli
nd i
ncli
ned shaft; Mi
ni
ng district preparatio
n; Coal cavi
ng mi
ni
ng ; Ce
nter ve
ntilatio
n; Bolt supporti
ng 目录 一般部分 1矿区概述及井田地质特征1 1.1矿区概述1 1.1.1交通位置1 1.1.2地貌水系1 1.1.3气象1 1.1.4地震2 1.1.5矿区内工农业生产、建筑材料等概况2 1.1.6区域电源2 1.1.7水源2 1.2井田地质特征2 1.2.1井田地质构造2 1.2.2水文地质4 1.2.3地质勘探程度8 1.3煤层特征8 1.3.1煤层8 1.3.2煤层顶、底板9 1.3.3煤质9 1.3.4瓦斯10 1.3.5煤尘及煤的自燃10 2井田境界和储量11 2.1井田境界11 2.1.1井田境界及确定依据11 2.1.2井田尺寸11 2.2矿井工业储量11 2.2.1井田地质勘探11 2.2.2储量计算基础12 2.2.3矿井地质储量计算12 2.2.4矿井工业储量计算13 2.3矿井可采储量14 2.3.1工业广场保护煤柱14 2.3.2矿井设计储量14 2.3.3矿井设计可采储量15 3井田境界和储量16 3.1矿井工作制度16 3.2矿井设计生产能力及服务年限16 3.2.1确定依据16 3.2.2矿井设计生产能力16 3.2.3矿井服务年限16 3.2.4井型校核17 4井田开拓18 4.1井田开拓的基本问题18 4.1.1确定井筒形式、数目、位置18 4.1.2工业场地的位置19 4.1.3阶段划分及开采水平的确定19 4.1.4主要开拓巷道20 4.1.5矿井开拓延深20 4.1.6方案比较20 4.2矿井基本巷道27 4.2.1井筒27 4.2.2井底车场及硐室27 4.2.3主要开拓巷道34 5准备方式—采区巷道布置37 5.1煤层地质特征37 5.1.1采区位置37 5.1.2采区煤层特征37 5.1.3煤层顶底板岩石构造情况37 5.1.4水文地质37 5.1.5主要地质构造37 5.1.6地表情况37 5.2采区巷道布置及生产系统37 5.2.1采区范围及区段划分37 5.2.2煤柱尺寸的确定38 5.2.3采煤方法及首采工作面工作面长度的确定38 5.2.4确定采区各种巷道的尺寸、支护方式38 5.2.5采区巷道的联络方式38 5.2.6采区接替顺序38 5.2.7采区生产系统38 5.2.8采区内巷道掘进方法39 5.2.9采区生产能力及采出率39 5.3采区车场选型设计40 6采煤方法42 6.1采煤工艺方式42 6.1.1采区煤层特征及地质条件42 6.1.2确定采煤工艺方式42 6.1.3回采工作面参数42 6.1.4回采工艺及设备43 6.1.5回采工作面支护方式45 6.1.6端头支护及超前支护方式47 6.1.7各工艺过程注意事项47 6.1.8回采工作面正规循环作业48 6.2回采巷道布置51 6.2.1回采巷道布置方式51 6.2.2回采巷道参数51 7井下运输54 7.1概述54 7.1.1井下运输设计的原始条件和数据54 7.1.2运输距离和货载量54 7.1.3矿井运输系统54 7.2采区运输设备选择55 7.2.1设备选型原则55 7.2.2采区运输设备的选型55 7.3大巷运输设备选择56 7.3.1运输大巷设备选择56 7.3.2辅助运输大巷设备选择56 8矿井提升58 8.1概述58 8.2主副井提升58 8.2.1主井提升58 8.2.2副井提升60 9矿井通风及安全62 9.1矿井地质、开拓、开采概况62 9.1.1矿井地质概况62 9.1.2开拓方式62 9.1.3开采方法62 9.1.4变电所、充电硐室、火药库62 9.1.5工作制、人数62 9.2矿井通风系统的确定62 9.2.1矿井通风系统的基本要求62 9.2.2矿井通风方式的选择63 9.2.3矿井通风方法的选择63 9.2.4采区通风系统的要求64 9.2.5工作面通风方式的确定64 9.2.6回采工作面进回风巷道的布置65 9.3矿井风量计算65 9.3.1矿井风量计算方法概述65 9.3.2回采工作面风量计算66 9.3.3掘进工作面风量计算67 9.3.4硐室需要风量的计算68 9.3.5其他巷道所需风量68 9.3.6矿井总风量计算68 9.3.7风量分配69 9.4矿井通风阻力69 9.4.1确定矿井通风容易时期和困难时期69 9.4.2矿井通风容易时期和困难时期的最大阻力路线72 9.4.3矿井通风阻力计算72 9.4.4矿井通风总阻力72 9.4.5矿井总风阻及总等积孔74 9.5矿井通风设备选型75 9.5.1通风机选择的基本原则75 9.5.2通风机风压的确定75 9.5.3电动机选型78 9.5.4矿井主要通风设备的要求79 9.5.5对反风装置及风硐的要求79 9.6特殊灾害的预防措施79 9.6.1预防瓦斯和煤尘爆炸的措施79 9.6.2预防井下火灾的措施80 9.6.3防水措施80 10设计矿井基本技术经济指标81 参考文献82 专题部分 深部巷道锚杆支护技术84 1引言84 2开采深度与巷道围岩的变形关系84 2.1中国的研究84 2.2德国的研究84 2.3前苏联的研究85 3深井巷道锚杆支护的关键理论与技术86 3.1深井巷道锚杆支护理论基础86 3.2深部巷道锚杆支护作用机理87 3.3深部巷道锚杆支护技术91 4工程实例95 4.1巷道地质及生产条件95 4.2地应力测量96 4.3巷道围岩稳定性分类及计算机辅助设计96 4.4巷道支护设计96 4.5支护质量监测98 4.6支护效果和经济效益分析102 5结论102 参考文献104 翻译部分 英文原文106 The performa
nce of pressure cells for sprayed co
ncrete tu
n
nel li
ni
ngs 106 I
ntroductio
n 106 Factors affecti
ng the pressures recorded by ta
nge
ntial pressure cells 106 Cell properties 106 I
nstallatio
n effects 107 Post-i
nstallatio
n factors 107 Numerical a
nd physical experime
nts, a
nd results from mo
nitori
ng 107 Numerical modelli
ng to assess the effects of cell fluid 107 Physical simulatio
n 109 Discussio
n 112 Co
nclusio
ns 113 Ack
nowledgeme
nts 113 中文译文115 喷射混凝土巷道应力测量仪的性能115 1前言115 2切向测力仪测量巷道应力的影响因素115 2.1测力仪特性115 2.2安装影响115 2.3安装后的影响因素115 3数字模拟与物理实验和检测结果116 3.1数字模拟实验评估压力计流体的影响116 3.2物理模拟实验117 4讨论120 5结论120 6鸣谢121 致谢122