机械5

摘要 近些年以来，中国经济快速发展，城市发展建设需要，在各个领域都需要高空作业车，而且有一些型号出现了供不应求，生产不足的现象。因此我想设计高空作业车应尽量采用轻型环保结构，降低整车装备质量，更加合理的去设计工作臂的结构，从而去满足城市建设的需求。 近几年以来，中国的高空作业车研究能力显着提高，首先高度上取得了突破，同时，研究高空作业车的改装不仅仅可以促进这个行业的发展，还能对特种车辆的研发及机构和液压的设计积累一定的经验。这次的课题设计设计的是一款折迭臂式10m高空作业车，主要对作业车的举升机构以及液压系统进行了设计。举升机构主要就是上下臂的长度，截面尺寸的设计，同时对设计结果进行了校核。液压系统主要就是上下臂及支腿液压缸的设计，液压马达和液压泵的选择以及其他部分的设计。 10m高的高空作业车能够应用的场合很多，在工程建设，电力抢修，设备维护上能够发挥出它的能力。这样的高空作业车小巧，对于环境的变化比较能适应。 关键词：高空作业车；高空作业臂；液压系统；改装设计 ABSTRACT I
n rece
nt years, Chi
na's rapid eco
nomic developme
nt, urba
n developme
nt a
nd co
nstructio
n
needs a
nd the
needs of high-altitude vehicles i
n various fields, a
nd there have bee
n some models i
n short supply a
nd i
nsufficie
nt productio
n. Therefore, I hope to desig
n the lightweight e
nviro
nme
ntal protectio
n structure for aerial worki
ng vehicles as much as possible, reduce the quality of vehicle equipme
nt, a
nd desig
n the structure of the worki
ng arm more reaso
nably to meet the
needs of urba
n co
nstructio
n. This desig
n mai
n is the height of 10 meters aloft work vehicle, to meet the high operati
ng o
n the premise that for aloft work arm,tur
ntable,hydraulic parts desig
n: First choice u
nder the requireme
nts of the use of operati
ng arm of the types of materials; Seco
nd, based o
n the height of the largest operatio
ns to determi
ne the upper a
nd lower arm le
ngth; After A
nalysis to determi
ne the i
nte
nsity of use of the arm sectio
n size a
nd fuel ta
nks articulated positio
n; further stre
ngth, stiff
ness, Stability of Verificatio
n, check the operati
ng arm size whether it meets the requireme
nts; Tur
ntable a
nd hydraulic parts also pri
nciples wa
nt to calculate a
nd checki
ng. I
n rece
nt years, Chi
na’s research capacity for aerial work vehicles has bee
n sig
nifica
ntly improved, a
nd breakthroughs have bee
n made at the highest altitudes. At the same time, research o
n the co
nversio
n of aerial vehicles has
not o
nly promoted the developme
nt of this i
ndustry, but also e
nabled the developme
nt a
nd orga
nizatio
n of special vehicles a
nd hydraulics. The desig
n has accumulated some experie
nce. This graduatio
n project desig
ned a
nd desig
ned a foldi
ng arm type 10m aerial work vehicle a
nd desig
ned the lifti
ng mecha
nism a
nd hydraulic system of the work vehicle. The lifti
ng mecha
nism is mai
nly the le
ngth of the upper a
nd lower arms, the desig
n of the sectio
n size, a
nd the check of the desig
n results. The hydraulic system is mai
nly the desig
n of the upper a
nd lower arm a
nd leg hydraulic cyli
nders, the selectio
n of hydraulic motors a
nd hydraulic pumps, a
nd the desig
n of other parts. The 10m high aerial vehicles ca
n be used i
n ma
ny places, a
nd ca
n exert its capabilities i
n the co
nstructio
n of projects, repair of power, a
nd mai
nte
na
nce of equipme
nt. Such aerial vehicles are small a
nd adaptable to cha
nges i
n the e
nviro
nme
nt. Key words: aerial worki
ng vehicle; aerial worki
ng arm; hydraulic system; retrofit desig
n 目录 摘要1 ABSTRACT 3 第1章绪论1 1.1概述1 1.2高空作业车的发展现状2 1.2.1专用车的现状2 1.2.2我国高空作业车的现状和发展2 1.3高空作业车的组成4 1.3.1工作装置5 1.3.2金属结构5 1.3.3控制系统5 1.3.4动力传动装置5 1.4本课题所研究的任务5 1.5本课题研究的意义6 第2章总体方案设计7 2.1总体设计要求7 2.2其他要求7 2.3重点解决的问题7 2.4确定液压缸布置的形式7 2.5本章小结8 第3章底盘的选择9 3.1高空作业车底盘的类型9 3.2底盘的选择9 3.3本章小结10 第4章高空作业车车臂的设计11 4.1材料的选择11 4.2上下臂长度的计算11 4.3确定上臂液压缸的位置12 4.4确定下臂液压缸的位置12 4.5确定上臂截面尺寸大小12 4.5.1对上臂进行受力分析12 4.5.2确定上臂截面尺寸大小14 4.5.3对上臂进行强度校核15 4.6确定下臂截面尺寸大小16 4.6.1对下臂进行受力分析16 4.6.2计算下臂的截面尺寸18 4.6.3对下臂进行强度校核19 4.7本章小结20 第5章液压系统的设计23 5.1液压缸的设计计算23 5.1.1下臂液压缸的最大载荷23 5.1.2上臂液压缸的最大载荷23 5.1.3支腿液压缸的最大载荷23 5.1.4确定系统工作压力25 5.1.5确定液压缸的内径26 5.1.6液压缸缸筒壁厚和外径计算26 5.1.7确定液压缸最大密封压强和壁厚的校核27 5.1.8液压缸活塞杆直径29 5.1.9校核液压缸活塞杆强度29 5.1.10校核液压缸活塞杆稳定性30 5.1.11液压缸的选择31 5.2液压马达的选取31 5.3液压泵的选择31 5.4其他辅助元件的选择32 5.4.1油箱32 5.4.2联轴器32 5.5本章小结33 结论34 参考文献35 致谢36 附录37