机械5

弧焊机械手的液压系统设计 [摘要]液压在当今工业中作为一个应用广的技术，在未来更有巨大的发展的前景。在科技日益发展的今天，计算机技术在液压系统中的应用越来越广泛，并且与AI、计算机技术的融合使得液压控制系统发展更加迅速，将会在更多的场合中发挥更大的作用，也可以更精准的实现控制任务，更灵活的应用在各个领域。液压传动和气压传动称为流体传动，是根据17世纪帕斯卡提出的液体静压力传动原理而发展起来的一门新兴技术，是工农业生产中广为应用的一门技术。如今，流体传动技术水平的高低已成为一个国家工业发展水平的重要标志。液压传动技术广泛应用了如自动控制技术、计算机技术、微电子技术及新工艺和新材料等高技术成果，使传统技术有了新的发展，也使液压系统和元件的质量、水平有一定的提高。尽管如此，走向二十一世纪的液压技术不可能有惊人的技术突破，应当主要靠现有技术的改进和扩展，不断扩大其应用领域以满足未来的要求。?液压传动控制是工业中经常用到的一种控制方式，它采用液压完成传递能量的过程。因为液压传动控制方式的灵活性和便捷性，液压控制在工业上受到广泛的重视。液压传动是研究以有压流体为能源介质，来实现各种机械和自动控制的学科。液压传动利用这种元件来组成所需要的各种控制回路，再由若干回路有机组合成为完成一定控制功能的传动系统来完成能量的传递、转换和控制。液压传动是以液压油为工作介质进行能量转换和动力传递的，它具有传送能量大、布局容易、结构紧凑、换向方便、转动平稳均匀、容易完成复杂动作等优点，因而广泛应用于工程机械领域。 关键词：传动、液压系统、控制回路、工程机械 Hydraulic system Desig
n of Arc Weldi
ng ma
nipulator [abstract] Hydraulic pressure is a widely used tech
nology i
n today's i
ndustry, a
nd it will have a great developme
nt prospect i
n the future. Today, with the developme
nt of scie
nce a
nd tech
nology, computer tech
nology is more a
nd more widely used i
n hydraulic system, a
nd the i
ntegratio
n with AI a
nd computer tech
nology makes the developme
nt of hydraulic co
ntrol system more rapid, will play a greater role i
n more occasio
ns, ca
n also more accurately achieve co
ntrol tasks, more flexible applicatio
n i
n various fields. Domai
n. Hydraulic a
nd p
neumatic tra
nsmissio
n, called fluid tra
nsmissio
n, is a
new tech
nology developed accordi
ng to the pri
nciple of hydrostatic tra
nsmissio
n put forward by Pascal i
n the 17th ce
ntury, a
nd is widely used i
n i
ndustrial a
nd agricultural productio
n. Nowadays, the level of fluid tra
nsmissio
n tech
nology has become a
n importa
nt symbol of a cou
ntry's i
ndustrial developme
nt level. Hydraulic tra
nsmissio
n tech
nology has bee
n widely used i
n high-tech achieveme
nts such as automatic co
ntrol tech
nology, computer tech
nology, microelectro
nics tech
nology,
new tech
nology a
nd
new materials. It has made
new progress i
n traditio
nal tech
nology a
nd improved the quality a
nd level of hydraulic system a
nd compo
ne
nts. Nevertheless, it is impossible for the hydraulic tech
nology to make a
n asto
nishi
ng breakthrough i
n the 21st ce
ntury. It should depe
nd mai
nly o
n the improveme
nt a
nd expa
nsio
n of the existi
ng tech
nology a
nd co
nsta
ntly expa
nd its applicatio
n fields to meet the requireme
nts of the future. Hydraulic drive co
ntrol is a ki
nd of co
ntrol method ofte
n used i
n i
ndustry. It uses hydraulic pressure to complete the process of e
nergy tra
nsmissio
n. Because of the flexibility a
nd co
nve
nie
nce of hydraulic tra
nsmissio
n co
ntrol mode, hydraulic co
ntrol has bee
n widely valued i
n i
ndustry. Hydraulic tra
nsmissio
n is a subject that studies the use of pressurized fluid as e
nergy medium to realize various mecha
nical a
nd automatic co
ntrol. Hydraulic tra
nsmissio
n uses this ki
nd of compo
ne
nt to form all ki
nds of co
ntrol loops
needed, a
nd the
n orga
nically combi
nes several loops i
nto a tra
nsmissio
n system to complete a certai
n co
ntrol fu
nctio
n to complete e
nergy tra
nsmissio
n, co
nversio
n a
nd co
ntrol. Hydraulic tra
nsmissio
n is based o
n hydraulic oil as the worki
ng medium for e
nergy co
nversio
n a
nd power tra
nsmissio
n. It has the adva
ntages of large tra
nsmissio
n e
nergy, easy layout, compact structure, co
nve
nie
nt reversal, smooth a
nd eve
n rotatio
n, easy to complete complex actio
ns, etc., so it is widely used i
n the field of co
nstructio
n machi
nery. Key words: tra
nsmissio
n, hydraulic system, co
ntrol circuit, co
nstructio
n machi
nery 目录 1前言1 2选题背景2 2.1背景介绍2 2.2液压技术现状和发展趋势2 2.3研究主要内容4 3方案论证5 3.1机械手概述5 3.2机械手的设计原则: 5 3.3机械、电气、气压及液压-四大传动方式的比较5 4过程论述8 4.1设计要求： 8 4.2液压执行元件载荷的组成和计算8 4.3液压系统主要参数的确定10 4.4液压缸和液压马达所需流量的确定11 4.5系统局部关键回路的分析15 4.6液压系统图的拟定19 4.7液压元件的选用21 5结果分析24 5.1液压缸的结构设计24 5.2液压系统的性能验算25 5.3液压缸零件的技术要求28 6结论30 参考文献31 致谢32