机械5

摘要 组合机床是以通用部件为基础，配以少量专用部件，对一种或若干种工件按预先确定的工序进行加工的机床。组合机床及其自动线是集机电于一体的综合自动化程度较高的制造技术和成套工艺装备。它的特征是高效、高质、经济实用,因而被广泛应用于工程机械、交通、能源、军工、轻工、家电等行业。我国传统的组合机床及组合机床自动线主要采用机、电、气、液压控制,它的加工对象主要是生产批量比较大的大中型箱体类和轴类零件(近年研制的组合机床加工连杆、板件等也占一定份额),完成钻孔、扩孔、铰孔,加工各种螺纹、镗孔、车端面和凸台,在孔内镗各种形状槽,以及铣削平面和成形面等。它是现代制造工程（尤其是箱体零件加工）的关键设备之一。本书为EQ-140汽车变速箱前面钻孔组合机床设计说明书，着重介绍了变速箱体前端面钻孔专用组合机床设计过程，包括总体方案的制定，组合机床工序图、加工示意图、尺寸联系图及生产率计算卡的绘制（即三图一卡），多轴箱传动与结构的设计以及夹具的设计及液压原理图和PLC控制图的设计。 关键词：组合机床；变速箱体；设计 Desig
ni
ng the aggregate machi
ne-tool for drilli
ng holes i
n the fro
nd e
nd face of the gear box body of the EQ-140 cars Abstract Aggregate machi
ne tool is based o
n curre
ncy compo
ne
nt, though depe
ndi
ng o
n a few specialty compo
ne
nt. It is a machi
ne that ca
n produce accessory i
n prepared process. The aggregate machi
ne-tool a
nd its tra
nsfer matic, which is the collectio
n of mecha
nical a
nd electrical is ma
nufacture tech
nology a
nd the complete craft equipme
nt of a higher sy
nthetical automaticity Its characteristic is highly effective, high-grade, the eco
nomy practicability, thus is widely applied to i
ndustries such as project machi
nery, tra
nsportatio
n, e
nergy, war i
ndustry, light i
ndustry, electrical applia
nces a
nd so o
n. I
n our cou
ntry the traditio
nal aggregate machi
ne-tool a
nd tra
nsfer matic mai
nly use machi
ne, electricity, gas a
nd hydraulic co
ntrolli
ng. Its processi
ng object mai
nly are tru
nk parts a
nd shaft compo
ne
nts of volume-produce (aggregate machi
ne-tools for processi
ng co
n
necti
ng rod a
nd board developed i
n rece
nt years, a
nd also occupy a certai
n proportio
n), completi
ng drilli
ng holes, hole expa
nsio
n, reami
ng, processi
ng various ki
nds of screw thread, cou
nter bori
ng, radial faci
ng, bori
ng ma
ny ki
nds of flutes i
n holes, as well as milli
ng pla
ne a
nd formed surface a
nd so o
n. It is o
ne of esse
ntial equipme
nts i
n moder
n ma
nufacturi
ng project (i
n particular box body compo
ne
nts processi
ng). This book is the desig
ni
ng ma
nual of the combi
natio
n tool machi
ne, which is used to drill holes i
n the fro
nd e
nd face of the gear box body of the EQ-140 cars. The process of desig
ni
ng the modular machi
ne is mai
nly i
ntroduced, i
ncludi
ng the establishme
nt of total project, protracti
ng procedure drawi
ng, processi
ng sketch map, the co
ntact size diagram a
nd the calculatio
n card about the rate of productio
n—
named “three figure o
ne card”, the desig
ni
ng of the drive tra
nsmissio
n a
nd the structure of jour
nal box, a
nd jig a
nd fixture for machi
ne tool, a
nd at last, the hydraulic power tra
nsmissio
n a
nd PLC co
ntrolli
ng diagram. Key words: aggregate machi
ne tool；the gear box body ；desig
ni
ng 目录 绪论……………………………………………………………1 第一章组合机床概述…………………………………………2 1.1组合机床特点……………………………………………2 1．2组合机床通用部件………………………………………2 第二章组合机床总体设计……………………………………4 2.1组合机床方案的制定……………………………………4 2.1.1制定工艺方案………………………………………4 2.1.2变速箱体加工主要工序安排…………………………5 2.1.3确定机床配置型式…………………………………5 2.2确定切削用量及选择…………………………………5 2.2.1选择切削用量………………………………………6 2.2.2选择刀具结构…………………………………………6 2.3组合机床总体设计——三图一卡………………………7 2.3.1被加工零件工序图……………………………………7 2.3.2加工示意图……………………………………………7 2.3.3联系尺寸图……………………………………………8 2.3.4机床生产率计算卡……………………………………10 第三章多轴箱设计……………………………………………12 3.1概述……………………………………………………12 3.1.1组合机床多轴箱的用途及分类……………………12 3.1.2通用组合机床多轴箱的分类………………………12 3.2多轴箱的设计步骤和内容……………………………13 3.2.1绘制多轴箱设计原始依据图…………………………13 3.2.2主轴结构型式的选择………………………………14 3.2.3传动系统的设计与计算……………………………14 第四章夹具设计…………………………………………………19 确定夹具的结构方案………………………………………19 第五章液压原理和PLC控制图的绘制………………20 第六章心得体会及致谢…………………………………21 参考文献…………………………………………………………22