机械5

ZL60轮式反转六连杆装载机工作装置设计 摘要 装载机是工程机械的主要机种之一，主要用于公路、铁路、建筑、水电、港口、矿山等建设工程的土石方施工。它具有重量轻、机动灵活、效率高、维修方便等特点；它既可进行铲装作业，又可用作短途运输。对于加快工程建设速度，减轻劳动强度，提高工程质量，降低工程成本都发挥着重要的作用。装载机的工作装置对于装载机来说是重中之重，所以工作装置的设计好坏直接影响到装载机的使用寿命以及工作效率等。 这次设计采用先进的现代设计方法，对这种轮式装载机的工作装置进行了总体设计到零部件设计。主要包括轮式装载机工作装置的关键零部件，如铲斗、连杆机构以及转斗油缸、举升油缸等，并对重要零件进行了刚度、强度分析。应用UG软件对轮式装载机工作装置整体进行设计，并用它对本次设计进行立体展示表达。在设计过程中，必须使工作装置运动平稳、无干涉、无死点、无自锁、有足够的强度；动臂从最底位置到最大卸载高度的举升过程中，保证铲斗中物料不洒落；在卸载后，动臂下放至铲掘位置铲斗能自动放平。 关键字：3.3m3斗容；轮式装载机；反转六连杆机构；工作装置；强度校核 Abstract As o
ne of the mai
n types of co
nstructio
n machi
nery, loader is mai
nly used for earthwork co
nstructio
n of highway, railway, buildi
ng, hydropower, port, mi
ne a
nd other co
nstructio
n projects. Characterized by lightweight, flexibility, high efficie
ncy a
nd co
nve
nie
nt mai
nte
na
nce, it ca
n
not o
nly carry out scoopi
ng but also be used for short-dista
nce tra
nsportatio
n, aswell as plays a
n importa
nt role i
n speedi
ng up the e
ngi
neeri
ng co
nstructio
n, reduci
ng labor i
nte
nsity, improvi
ng the quality of the project a
nd reduci
ng the cost of the project. For a loader, theworki
ng device is the most importa
nt, therefore, the desig
n of theworki
ng device directly affects the life le
ngth a
nd efficie
ncy of a load. The desig
n of the moder
n use of adva
nced desig
n methods,wheel loadersworki
ng o
n such a device desig
n to desig
n compo
ne
nts. It mai
nly i
ncludes key parts ofwheel loader'sworki
ng device, such as bucket, li
nk mecha
nism, rotary bucket cyli
nder a
nd lifti
ng cyli
nder etc., a
nd the rigidity a
nd stre
ngth of key parts are a
nalyzed. Applicatio
n of UG software i
nstalled o
n thewheel loaderwork for the overall desig
n a
nd its use of this desig
n three-dime
nsio
nal display of expressio
n. I
n the process of desig
n, theworki
ng device must beworked smoothlywithout i
nterfere
nce, dead spot or self-lock a
ndwith sufficie
nt stre
ngth. Duri
ng the lifti
ng process of boom from the bottom to the maximum u
ni
nstall height, the material i
n the bucket must be e
nsured
not to spill out, a
nd the bucket ca
n be leveled dow
n automaticallywhe
n the boom is lowered to the diggi
ng positio
n after u
nloadi
ng. Keywords: 3.3m3 bucket capacity; Wheel loader; Reversi
ng six-bar mecha
nism; Worki
ng device; Stre
ngth checki
ng 目录 第1章绪论1 1.1装载机概述1 1.2装载机应用技术发展1 1.2.1国外装载机发展现状1 1.2.2国外装载机发展趋势1 1.2.3国内装载机发展现状1 1.2.4国内装载机发展趋势2 第2章装载机工作装置总体设计3 2.1工作装置的总体结构与布置3 2.2工作装置连杆机构的结构形式与特点3 2.3工作装置自由度的计算5 第3章装载机工作装置设计7 3.1铲斗设计7 3.1.1铲斗的结构形式7 3.1.2铲斗断面形状和基本参数确定8 3.1.3铲斗容量的计算10 3.2工作装置连杆系统设计12 3.2.1机构分析12 3.2.2尺寸参数设计13 3.3工作装置静力学分析21 3.3.1外载荷确定原则21 3.3.2铲斗形心的确定21 3.3.3外载荷的计算25 3.4工作机构的受力分析与计算28 3.4.1装载机的几种工况28 3.4.2联合铲装时的受力分析28 3.4.3工作机构主要零件的强度计算及液压缸的确定32 3.4.4摇臂及连杆的计算34 3.4.5关于润滑42 第4章UG软件的应用45 4.1仿真和优化45 4.2零件设计46 4.3产品设计48 第5章实体模型的制作51 总结53 附录55 参考文献57 致谢59