机械5

摘要 轮椅是肢体残疾人和老年人的重要代步工具。在发展中国家，很多老式的居民楼里没有电梯，肢体残疾人士和老年人上下楼不方便。国外发达国家研制的爬楼轮椅大多价格昂贵，且操作复杂，发展中国家普通用户难以承担。国内开发的产品与国外产品的差距较大，尤其是在轮椅爬楼稳定性和安全性方面做得还不够好。本课题在借鉴国内外相关研究的基础之上，提出了一种新型爬楼轮椅的方案，以期更好地解决轮椅爬楼的稳定性和安全性问题。本文对爬楼轮椅的总体方案及关键问题进行了研究，研究内容及结果包括： （1）进行了爬楼轮椅的总体设计。采用综合评分法对现有爬楼机构的工作原理及各种不同机构的优缺点进行分析，确定了以三星轮式机构作为爬楼机构；对可爬楼梯轮椅车的传动系统，尾架系统，底盘小车，座椅系统进行了总体设计。 （2）对动力系统进行了设计，通过计算分析选择了底盘小车动力系统的电机，电池和减速器；通过分析列出翻越台阶约束，转速约束，其他约束三大约束条件，并选择出最优的行星架零件参数。 （3）使用SolidWorks软件对爬楼轮椅的结构进行了设计，并进行中心轴，外圈轴和车轮的应力应变分析。 关键词:爬楼轮椅轮式机构调平机构SolidWorks ABSTRACT Wheelchair is a
n importa
nt tra
nsport of physically disabled a
nd elderly people.I
n some developi
ng cou
ntries, ma
ny of the old buildi
ngs are
not equippedwith elevators, so physically disabled a
nd elderly people up a
nd dow
n the stairs harder. The stair-climbi
ngwheelchairwhich ma
nufactured i
n developed cou
ntries is expe
nsive a
nd complicated to operate, so ordi
nary users i
n developi
ng cou
ntries is difficult to bear. The gap betwee
n the domestic products a
nd foreig
n products is a little large,especially i
n climb stability a
nd security, a
ndwe are
not doi
ngwell e
nough. This topic proposed a
new ki
nd of stair-climbi
ngwheelchair solutio
nwhich based o
n the releva
nt research at home a
nd abroad, i
n order to better solve the stability a
nd security of thewheelchairwhe
n climb the stair. I
n this paper, the overall scheme a
nd the key problems of the stair-climbi
ngwheelchair is studied, a
nd the research co
nte
nts a
nd results i
nclude: (1)This paper has desig
ned the overall of the stair-climbi
ngwheelchair. I
n this paper, the comprehe
nsive evaluatio
n method is used to a
nalyze theworki
ng pri
nciple of the stair-climbi
ng mecha
nisms a
nd the adva
ntages a
nd disadva
ntages of the differe
nt mecha
nisms, a
nd determi
ned the threewheeledwheel mecha
nism as a stair-climbi
ng mecha
nisms;This paper has desig
ned The tra
nsmissio
n system, tailstock system, chassis trolley a
nd seat system of the stair climbi
ngwheelchair. (2) the power system is desig
ned, a
nd the motor, battery a
nd reducer of the chassis power system are selected by calculatio
n a
nd a
nalysis. By a
nalyzi
ng a
nd listi
ng the step co
nstrai
nts, the speed co
nstrai
nts, the other co
nstrai
nts, a
nd selecti
ng the optimal parameters of the three co
nstrai
nts of the pla
net frame. (3)The structure of the climbi
ngwheelchairwas desig
ned by SolidWorks software, make the stress a
nd strai
n a
nalysis of the ce
nter shaft, outer ri
ng shaft a
ndwheel. Keywords: stair-climbi
ngwheelchairwheel mecha
nism leveli
ng mecha
nism SolidWorks 目录 摘要I ABSTRACT II 1.绪论1 1.1引言1 1.2本文研究的理论意义和应用价值1 1.3国内外研究现状1 1.4本文研究的主要内容3 1.5本文创新点4 2.可爬楼梯轮椅车的总体设计5 2.1底盘小车的设计方案5 2.2座椅的总体设计10 3.动力系统分析选型12 3.1电机类型的确定12 3.2电机参数的选择12 3.3电池选择14 4.底盘小车系统的具体设计15 4.1行星轮组的相关参数15 4.2翻越台阶的几何约束关系16 4.3其他约束关系17 4.4行星轮组零件参数的确定19 5.传动系统在电机箱体内部分的设计20 5.1传动系统整体布局图20 5.2爬楼模式的参数设计20 5.3平地行走模式的参数设计23 6.座椅的设计26 6.1座椅中关键部件的人机工程设计原理26 6.2座椅调平机构26 7.应力应变分析28 8.结论与展望31 8.1结论31 8.2展望31 致谢32 参考文献33 附录1 34 附录2 39