摘要
连杆是很多机械中的主要部件之一,例如在汽车发动机中有重要的作用。本设计主要介绍了普通连杆的加工工艺及其夹具设计。本设计主要内容有普通连杆的作用、选材、毛坯的制造方法、连杆的技术要求、加工工艺路线的制定、加工设备的选择,刀具、量具,切削用量的选择计算等,并设计出一套加工连杆的的专用夹具,最终达到零件的技术要求。通过制定连杆加工工和设计夹具为工人加工连杆提供了依据。而我要设计的三孔连杆工艺规程的设计是从零件图开始对零件的加工工艺进行了分析,并通过查表、计算对毛坯材料、制造方法等进行选择确定。然后根据定位基准的选择原则和所要求的加工精度,确定加工基准和加工方法。并最终确定加工工艺路线。参阅有关技术手册计算确定三孔连杆的机械加工余量、工序尺寸和毛坯尺寸并绘制出了毛坯图,计算其相关加工工序的切削用量并制作了加工工序卡片。最后,确定加工机床和工艺装备,并对专用夹具进行设计。
关键词:三孔连杆;加工工艺;工装设计
Abstract
The co
n
necti
ng rod is o
ne of the mai
n parts of car e
ngi
nes, a
nd it plays a
n importa
nt role i
n the car e
ngi
nes. The text mai
nly tells us the processi
ng tech
nology a
nd the desig
n of clampi
ng device ofvehicle e
ngi
ne co
n
necti
ng rod. The text i
nclude the fu
nctio
n, selecti
ng the material, the method of ma
nufacturi
ng the rough, the tech
nical requireme
nts, desig
ni
ng the processi
ng route, selecti
ng the equipme
nts, the tools, the measuri
ng i
nstrume
nts, calculati
ng the cutti
ng dosages, a
nd the
n desig
n the clampi
ng device ofvehicle e
ngi
ne co
n
necti
ng rod. At last, it ca
n meet the tech
nical requireme
nts of the co
n
necti
ng rod. It ca
n provide the basis to theworkers accordi
ng to formulati
ng the processi
ng tech
nology a
nd desig
ni
ng clampi
ng device ofvehicle e
ngi
ne co
n
necti
ng rod. From the start of thework diagram, thework of the processi
ngwas a
nalysed. Through the look-up table a
nd calculatio
n,bla
nk materials, ma
nufacturi
ng methodswas selected.The basewas choice. The
n accordi
ng to the pri
nciple of datum refere
nce a
nd requireme
nt of desig
n precisio
n,we determi
ned the processi
ng sta
ndards a
nd processi
ng method,a
nd ultimately determi
ne processi
ng route. Refer to the related tech
nical ma
nuals,machi
ni
ng allowa
nce, procedure sizes a
nd bla
nk dime
nsio
nwas determi
ned, bla
nk drawi
ngwas draw
n. The
n, calculate cutti
ng dosages of the related processes a
nd make proces sheets. Fi
nally, chose the processi
ng machi
ne a
nd process equipme
nt a
nd desig
n special fixure. Keywords: Three holes co
n
necti
ng rod; processi
ng tech
nology; jig desig
n 目录 摘要I Abstract II 第1章引言1 第2章普通连杆简介及工艺加工2 2.1连杆的主要技术要求2 2.2连杆的毛坯的确定2 2.3连杆机械加工工艺分析与确定3 2.3.1主要加工面得加工方法3 2.3.2定位基准的分析3 2.3.3夹紧方案的分析4 2.3.4连杆加工工艺路线的制定4 2.4主要加工工序的加工余量4 2.5工艺尺寸链计算4 2.6切削加工用量的选择原则6 2.6.1背吃刀量的选择6 2.6.2进给量的选择6 2.6.3切削速度的选择6 2.7工时定额的计算6 2.7.1粗铣连杆大小头平面6 2.7.2粗磨大小头平面7 2.7.3小头孔的加工7 2.7.4大头两侧面的加工,即99mm的两侧面9 2.7.5切开连杆体和连杆盖9 2.7.6连杆体和连杆盖结合面的加工10 2.7.7轴瓦锁口槽的加工,即5mm×8mm槽的加工11 2.7.8粗铣螺栓座面12 2.7.9连杆体螺栓孔加工13 2.7.10粗镗大头孔14 2.7.11精磨大小头两平面15 2.7.12半精镗大头孔15 2.7.13精镗小头孔15 2.7.14精镗大头孔16 2.7.15钻小头油孔16 2.7.16珩磨大头孔17 2.8铣连杆体结合面的夹具设计17 2.9工序的分析18 2.10定位基准的选择18 2.11定位误差的分析与计算18 2.12夹紧方案的确定19 2.13夹紧力的计算19 2.14切削力的计算19 2.15连杆铣剖分面的的夹具示意图。 19 第3章三孔连杆的设计21 3.1三孔连杆零件图介绍21 3.2零件的工艺分析21 3.3毛坯的选择22 3.3.1选择毛坯时应考虑的因素22 3.4选择毛坯23 3.5确定毛坯的制造流程,确定毛坯的形状23 3.6确定毛坯的尺寸公差和机械加工余量[10] 24 3.7绘制锻件毛坯简图25 3.8机械加工工艺规程的制定25 3.9定位基准的选择26 3.9.1粗基准的选择26 3.9.2精基准的选择27 3.10零件表面加工方法的选择28 3.11加工顺序的安排30 3.11.1工序安排需遵循的原则30 3.11.2加工阶段的划分30 3.11.3工序顺序的安排31 3.11.4确定工艺路线31 3.12加工余量、工序尺寸的确定32 3.12.1加工余量与工序余量32 3.12.2加工余量与工序尺寸的确定33 3.13切削用量的确定、基本时间的计算34 3.13.1工序6 34 3.13.2工序13 36 3.14机床工艺装备的确定37 3.15机床设备的选择37 3.16工艺装备的选择37 3.16.1夹具的选择37 3.16.2刀具的选择38 3.16.3量具的选择38 3.17机床夹具的设计39 3.18本零件专用夹具的设计39 3.18.1问题的提出39 3.18.2钻小头孔夹具结构方案的确定39 3.18.3夹具草图的绘制40 3.19设计结语41 参考文献42 致谢43
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n
necti
ng rod is o
ne of the mai
n parts of car e
ngi
nes, a
nd it plays a
n importa
nt role i
n the car e
ngi
nes. The text mai
nly tells us the processi
ng tech
nology a
nd the desig
n of clampi
ng device ofvehicle e
ngi
ne co
n
necti
ng rod. The text i
nclude the fu
nctio
n, selecti
ng the material, the method of ma
nufacturi
ng the rough, the tech
nical requireme
nts, desig
ni
ng the processi
ng route, selecti
ng the equipme
nts, the tools, the measuri
ng i
nstrume
nts, calculati
ng the cutti
ng dosages, a
nd the
n desig
n the clampi
ng device ofvehicle e
ngi
ne co
n
necti
ng rod. At last, it ca
n meet the tech
nical requireme
nts of the co
n
necti
ng rod. It ca
n provide the basis to theworkers accordi
ng to formulati
ng the processi
ng tech
nology a
nd desig
ni
ng clampi
ng device ofvehicle e
ngi
ne co
n
necti
ng rod. From the start of thework diagram, thework of the processi
ngwas a
nalysed. Through the look-up table a
nd calculatio
n,bla
nk materials, ma
nufacturi
ng methodswas selected.The basewas choice. The
n accordi
ng to the pri
nciple of datum refere
nce a
nd requireme
nt of desig
n precisio
n,we determi
ned the processi
ng sta
ndards a
nd processi
ng method,a
nd ultimately determi
ne processi
ng route. Refer to the related tech
nical ma
nuals,machi
ni
ng allowa
nce, procedure sizes a
nd bla
nk dime
nsio
nwas determi
ned, bla
nk drawi
ngwas draw
n. The
n, calculate cutti
ng dosages of the related processes a
nd make proces sheets. Fi
nally, chose the processi
ng machi
ne a
nd process equipme
nt a
nd desig
n special fixure. Keywords: Three holes co
n
necti
ng rod; processi
ng tech
nology; jig desig
n 目录 摘要I Abstract II 第1章引言1 第2章普通连杆简介及工艺加工2 2.1连杆的主要技术要求2 2.2连杆的毛坯的确定2 2.3连杆机械加工工艺分析与确定3 2.3.1主要加工面得加工方法3 2.3.2定位基准的分析3 2.3.3夹紧方案的分析4 2.3.4连杆加工工艺路线的制定4 2.4主要加工工序的加工余量4 2.5工艺尺寸链计算4 2.6切削加工用量的选择原则6 2.6.1背吃刀量的选择6 2.6.2进给量的选择6 2.6.3切削速度的选择6 2.7工时定额的计算6 2.7.1粗铣连杆大小头平面6 2.7.2粗磨大小头平面7 2.7.3小头孔的加工7 2.7.4大头两侧面的加工,即99mm的两侧面9 2.7.5切开连杆体和连杆盖9 2.7.6连杆体和连杆盖结合面的加工10 2.7.7轴瓦锁口槽的加工,即5mm×8mm槽的加工11 2.7.8粗铣螺栓座面12 2.7.9连杆体螺栓孔加工13 2.7.10粗镗大头孔14 2.7.11精磨大小头两平面15 2.7.12半精镗大头孔15 2.7.13精镗小头孔15 2.7.14精镗大头孔16 2.7.15钻小头油孔16 2.7.16珩磨大头孔17 2.8铣连杆体结合面的夹具设计17 2.9工序的分析18 2.10定位基准的选择18 2.11定位误差的分析与计算18 2.12夹紧方案的确定19 2.13夹紧力的计算19 2.14切削力的计算19 2.15连杆铣剖分面的的夹具示意图。 19 第3章三孔连杆的设计21 3.1三孔连杆零件图介绍21 3.2零件的工艺分析21 3.3毛坯的选择22 3.3.1选择毛坯时应考虑的因素22 3.4选择毛坯23 3.5确定毛坯的制造流程,确定毛坯的形状23 3.6确定毛坯的尺寸公差和机械加工余量[10] 24 3.7绘制锻件毛坯简图25 3.8机械加工工艺规程的制定25 3.9定位基准的选择26 3.9.1粗基准的选择26 3.9.2精基准的选择27 3.10零件表面加工方法的选择28 3.11加工顺序的安排30 3.11.1工序安排需遵循的原则30 3.11.2加工阶段的划分30 3.11.3工序顺序的安排31 3.11.4确定工艺路线31 3.12加工余量、工序尺寸的确定32 3.12.1加工余量与工序余量32 3.12.2加工余量与工序尺寸的确定33 3.13切削用量的确定、基本时间的计算34 3.13.1工序6 34 3.13.2工序13 36 3.14机床工艺装备的确定37 3.15机床设备的选择37 3.16工艺装备的选择37 3.16.1夹具的选择37 3.16.2刀具的选择38 3.16.3量具的选择38 3.17机床夹具的设计39 3.18本零件专用夹具的设计39 3.18.1问题的提出39 3.18.2钻小头孔夹具结构方案的确定39 3.18.3夹具草图的绘制40 3.19设计结语41 参考文献42 致谢43
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