机械5

摘要 随着经济的迅速增长，汽车工业得到了迅猛发展。作为汽车重要安全部件之一的转向系统也取得了跨越式发展。汽车转向器主要用于汽车驾驶过程中的转向操作，其性能的重要性不言而喻。本通过查阅国内外研究现状和现有机械转向器的类型特点，选用齿轮齿条作为汽车转向器的主体机构方案。首先在考虑转向器基本功能实现的前提下，以方向盘带动齿轮齿条转向轴，万向节带动转向齿轮轴，其后齿轮轴与齿条配合实现转向操作。通过计算校核设计的安全可靠性。最后，利用三维软件针对齿轮齿条转向机构进行三维建模，并验证该主体机构尺寸设计的合理性。 关键词：齿轮齿条设计；转向系统；转向器 Abstract With the rapid eco
nomic growth, the automotive i
ndustry has bee
n developi
ng rapidly. As o
ne of the importa
nt safety compo
ne
nts of automobiles, the steeri
ng system has also made great stride developme
nt. Automobile steeri
ng gear is mai
nly used i
n steeri
ng operatio
n duri
ngvehicle drivi
ng, a
nd its importa
nce is self-evide
nt. Through co
nsulti
ng the research status at home a
nd abroad a
nd the characteristics of the existi
ng mecha
nical steeri
ng gear, this paper selects rack a
nd pi
nio
n as the mai
n body mecha
nism of automobile steeri
ng gear. First, o
n the premise of realizi
ng the basic fu
nctio
n of the steeri
ng gear, the steeri
ngwheel drives the gear a
nd rack steeri
ng axiswith the steeri
ngwheel, the u
niversal joi
nt drives the steeri
ng gear shaft, a
nd the
n the gear shaft is cooperatedwith the rack to realize the steeri
ng operatio
n. The safety a
nd reliability of the desig
n is calculated. Fi
nally, the 3D modeli
ng of the rack a
nd pi
nio
n steeri
ng mecha
nism is carried out by three-dime
nsio
nal software, a
nd the ratio
nality of the size desig
n of the mai
n body isverified. Keywords: Gear a
nd rack desig
n Steeri
ng system Steeri
ng gear 目录 摘要I Abstract II 第1章绪论1 1.1概述1 1.2转向器的作用与分类1 1.3汽车转向装置的发展趋势3 1.4汽车转向器国内外现状4 1.5设计的主要内容6 第2章齿轮齿条转向器设计方案选择7 2.1转向系主要性能参数7 2.2转向器总体方案设计8 2.2.1转向器设计方案说明8 2.2.2转向器输入输出形式8 2.2.3转向器输出形式对比分析9 2.2.4转向器齿轮齿条选择9 2.2.5转向器齿条断面形状选择9 2.2.6转向器的四种布置形式10 2.2.7转向器最终方案确定11 2.2.8本章小结11 第3章设计计算过程12 3.1侧偏角的计算12 3.2原地转向阻力矩的计算13 3.3力传动比与角传动比对比分析13 3.3.1两种传动比基础介绍13 3.3.2角传动比与力传动比确定14 3.4转向器齿轮齿条的设计15 3.4.1啮合传动的特点15 3.4.2齿轮参数的选择16 3.4.3接触疲劳许用应力16 3.4.4齿轮的齿根弯曲强度设计17 3.4.5齿轮主要参数选取计算18 3.4.6齿条主要参数选取计算19 3.4.7齿面接触疲劳强度校核20 3.4.8本章总结20 第4章齿轮轴的设计21 4.1传动受力分析21 4.2最小轴径确定21 4.3强度校核21 4.3.1本章小结24 第5章间隙调整弹簧的设计25 5.1弹簧材料25 5.2计算弹簧丝直径25 5.3弹簧圈数和自由高度的计算26 5.4校核与内外径的确定26 5.5工作时的数据27 5.5.1本章小结27 第6章轴承选择与润滑方式分析29 6.1轴承的选用方案29 6.2转向器润滑方式29 6.2.1本章小结30 结论31 参考文献32 致谢33 附录A外文翻译34