机械5

摘要 本次设计内容涉及了机械制造工艺及机床夹具设计、金属切削机床、公差配合与测量等多方面的知识。 空心齿轮轴加工工艺规程及其齿轮加工的夹具设计是包括零件加工的工艺设计、工序设计以及专用夹具的设计三部分。在工艺设计中要首先对零件进行分析，了解零件的工艺再设计出毛坯的结构，并选择好零件的加工基准，设计出零件的工艺路线；接着对零件各个工步的工序进行尺寸计算，关键是决定出各个工序的工艺装备及切削用量；然后进行专用夹具的设计，选择设计出夹具的各个组成部件，如定位元件、夹紧元件、引导元件、夹具体与机床的连接部件以及其它部件；计算出夹具定位时产生的定位误差，分析夹具结构的合理性与不足之处，并在以后设计中注意改进。 关键词：空心齿轮轴、工艺、工序、切削用量、夹紧、定位、误差、夹具设计 ABSTRCT This desig
n i
nvolves the k
nowledge of machi
ne ma
nufacturi
ng process a
nd fixture desig
n, metal cutti
ng machi
ne tools, tolera
nce matchi
ng a
nd measureme
nt. The machi
ni
ng process specificatio
n of hollow gear shaft a
nd the fixture desig
n of gear machi
ni
ng i
nclude three parts: process desig
n, process desig
n a
nd special fixture desig
n. I
n the process desig
n, it is
necessary to first a
nalyze the parts, u
ndersta
nd the process of the parts, the
n desig
n the structure of the bla
nk, select the processi
ng be
nchmark of the parts, a
nd desig
n the process route of the parts; the
n calculate the size of each process step of the parts, the key is to determi
ne the process equipme
nt a
nd cutti
ng parameters of each process; the
n desig
n the special fixture, a
nd select a
nd desig
n the fixture Each compo
ne
nt of the fixture, such as positio
ni
ng eleme
nt, clampi
ng eleme
nt, guidi
ng eleme
nt, co
n
necti
ng part betwee
n the fixture a
nd the machi
ne tool a
nd other parts; calculate the positio
ni
ng error ge
nerated duri
ng the fixture positio
ni
ng, a
nalyze the ratio
nality a
nd shortcomi
ngs of the fixture structure, a
nd pay atte
ntio
n to improveme
nt i
n the later desig
n. Keywords: hollow gear shaft, tech
nology, process, cutti
ng amou
nt, clampi
ng, positio
ni
ng, error, fixture desig
n 目录 摘要1 ABSTRCT 2 序言1 一．零件的分析2 1.1零件的作用2 1.2零件的工艺分析2 二.工艺规程设计3 2.1确定毛坯的制造形式3 2.2基面的选择的选择4 2.3制定工艺路线4 2.4机械加工余量、工序尺寸及毛坯尺寸的确定6 2.5确定切削用量及基本工时7 三、夹具设计20 3.1定位分析20 3.2分析计算定位误差20 3.3切削力和夹紧力的计算21 1.设计夹紧机构一般应遵循以下主要原则： 21 2.螺栓螺母夹紧机构的特点： 22 3.夹紧力的方向的确定22 3.4夹具操作说明24 总结25 致谢26 参考文献27